Exhibit 4.4
DESCRIPTION OF CAPITAL STOCK
The following is a description of the material terms of the capital stock of LSB Industries, Inc. (the “Company,” “we,” “us” and “our”). It does not purport to be complete and is qualified in its entirety by reference to our Restated Certificate of Incorporation, as amended (our “Certificate of Incorporation”), our Third Amended and Restated Bylaws (our “Bylaws”) and the Amended and Restated Section 382 Rights Agreement, dated as of August 22, 2023, between the Company and Computershare Trust Company, N.A., as rights agent (as amended on May 2, 2024, the “Rights Agreement”). The Delaware General Corporation Law, as amended (the “DGCL”), may also affect the terms of these securities.
Authorized Capital Stock
The Company’s authorized capital stock consists of 150,000,000 shares of common stock, $0.10 par value per share, 250,000 shares of preferred stock, $100 par value per share, and 5,000,000 shares of Class C Preferred Stock, no par value (“Class C Preferred Stock”).
Common Stock
Common Stock Outstanding. As of May 12, 2026, 71,938,845 shares of our common stock were issued and outstanding, excluding 19,229,279 shares held in treasury. All outstanding shares of our common stock are duly authorized, fully paid and nonassessable.
Voting Rights. Each holder of shares of common stock is entitled to one vote for each share, in person or by proxy, at any and all meetings of the stockholders of the Company, on all propositions before such meetings.
Dividends. Subject to preferential dividend rights of any other class or series of stock, the holders of common stock are entitled to receive dividends, including dividends of stock, if, as and when declared by the Board of Directors, subject to any limitations applicable by law and to the rights of the holders, if any, of the Company’s preferred stock.
Liquidation. In the event we are liquidated, dissolved or our affairs are wound up, after we pay or make adequate provision for all of our known debts and liabilities, each holder of our common stock will be entitled to share ratably in all assets that remain, subject to any rights that are granted to the holders of any class or series of preferred stock.
Other Rights and Restrictions. Subject to the preferential rights of any other class or series of stock, all shares of our common stock have equal dividend, distribution, liquidation and other rights, and have no preference, appraisal or exchange rights, except for any appraisal rights provided by Delaware law. Furthermore, holders of our common stock have no conversion, sinking fund or redemption rights, or preemptive rights to subscribe for any of our securities. Our Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws do not restrict the ability of a holder of our common stock to transfer the holder’s shares of our common stock.
The rights, powers, preferences and privileges of holders of our common stock are subject to, and may be adversely affected by, the rights of holders of shares of our outstanding preferred stock and of any series of preferred stock which we may designate and issue in the future.
Listing. Our common stock is listed on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol “LXU.”
Transfer Agent and Registrar. The transfer agent for our common stock is Computershare Limited.
Preferred Stock
Under our Certificate of Incorporation we have authority, subject to any limitations prescribed by law and without further stockholder approval, to issue from time to time up to 250,000 shares of preferred stock, and 5,000,000 shares of Class C Preferred Stock. As of May 12, 2026, no shares of our preferred stock or Class C Preferred Stock were issued and outstanding.
The preferred stock and Class C Preferred Stock are issuable in one or more series, each with such designations, preferences, rights, qualifications, limitations and restrictions as our Board of Directors may determine in resolutions providing for their issuance.
The issuance of preferred stock may have the effect of delaying, deferring or preventing a change in control of us without further action by the stockholders and may adversely affect the voting and other rights of the holders of our common stock. The issuance of preferred stock with voting and conversion rights may adversely affect the voting power of the holders of common stock, including loss of voting control to others.
Pursuant to our Certificate of Incorporation we are authorized to issue “blank check” preferred stock, which may be issued from time to time in one or more series upon authorization by our Board of Directors. Our Board of Directors, without further approval of the stockholders, is authorized to fix the dividend rights and terms, conversion rights, voting rights, redemption rights and terms, liquidation preferences, and any other rights, preferences, privileges and restrictions applicable to each series of the preferred stock. The issuance of preferred stock, while providing flexibility in connection with possible acquisitions and other corporate purposes could, among other things, adversely affect the voting power or rights of the holders of our common stock and, under certain circumstances, make it more difficult for a third party to gain control of us, discourage bids for our common stock at a premium or otherwise adversely affect the market price of the common stock.
Preferred Stock Purchase Rights
The following description of the preferred stock purchase rights (the “Rights”) is not complete and is subject to, and is qualified in its entirety by reference to, the full text and provisions of the Rights Agreement.
General
Each Right initially entitles the registered holder to purchase from us one one-thousandth of a share of our Series G Class C Preferred Stock, no par value (the “Preferred Shares”), subject to adjustment. The purchase price payable upon exercise of each Right to purchase one one-thousandth of a Preferred Share (the “Purchase Price”) is initially $10.00. The Rights become exercisable only after the Distribution Date (as defined below). After the Distribution Date, the Rights may be exercised (in whole or in part) by surrendering the applicable Right Certificate (or, if the Rights are in book-entry form, complying with the applicable book-entry procedures), together with payment of the Purchase Price for the number of Rights exercised (and any applicable transfer taxes). The Purchase Price and the number of Preferred Shares (or other securities) purchasable upon exercise of a Right are subject to adjustment to reflect certain events affecting the Preferred Shares or our capital structure. These adjustment provisions include, among other things, adjustments in the event of (i) certain dividends, subdivisions, combinations or reclassifications of the Preferred Shares and (ii) certain issuances of rights, options or warrants to holders of Preferred Shares at below-market prices, or certain distributions to holders of Preferred Shares, in each case as provided in the Rights Agreement. In addition, the Rights Agreement provides that, following the occurrence of specified transactions after a Stock Acquisition Date (as defined in the Rights Agreement), holders of Rights (other than those whose Rights have become void under the Rights Agreement) will be entitled, upon exercise of the Rights at the then-applicable Purchase Price, to receive common stock of the acquiring or surviving entity based on a formula set forth in the Rights Agreement.
Distribution Date; Exercisability; Expiration
Initially, the Rights will be attached to all certificates representing outstanding shares of common stock (the “Common Shares”) (or other evidence of book-entry or other uncertificated ownership) and no separate certificates evidencing the Rights (“Right Certificates”) will be issued. Until the Distribution Date, the Rights will be transferred with and only with the Common Shares. As long as the Rights are attached to the Common Shares, the Company will issue one Right with each new Common Share so that all such Common Shares will have Rights attached (subject to certain limited exceptions).
The Rights will separate and begin trading separately from the Common Shares, and Right Certificates will be caused to evidence the Rights, on the earlier to occur of (i) the Close of Business (as such term is defined in the Rights Agreement) on the tenth day following a public announcement, or the public disclosure of facts indicating, that a Person or group of affiliated or associated Persons has acquired Beneficial Ownership of 4.9% or more of the
outstanding Common Shares (an “Acquiring Person”) (or, in the event that the Board of Directors determines to effect an exchange in accordance with Section 24 of the Rights Agreement and the Board of Directors determines that a later date is advisable, then such later date) and (ii) the Close of Business on the tenth Business Day (as such term is defined in the Rights Agreement) (or such later date as may be determined by action of the Board of Directors prior to such time as any Person becomes an Acquiring Person) following the commencement of a tender offer or exchange offer the consummation of which would result in the Beneficial Ownership by a Person or group of 4.9% or more of the outstanding Common Shares (the earlier of such dates, the “Distribution Date”). As soon as practicable after the Distribution Date, unless the Rights are recorded in book-entry or other uncertificated form, the Company will prepare and cause the Right Certificates to be sent to each record holder of Common Shares as of the Distribution Date.
An “Acquiring Person” will not include (i) the Company, (ii) any Subsidiary (as such term is defined in the Rights Agreement) of the Company, (iii) any employee benefit plan of the Company or of any Subsidiary of the Company, (iv) any entity holding Common Shares for or pursuant to the terms of any such employee benefit plan or (v) any Person who or which, together with all Affiliates and Associates (as such terms are defined in the Rights Agreement) of such Person, as of August 22, 2023, is a Beneficial Owner of 4.9% or more of the Common Shares then outstanding (a “Grandfathered Stockholder”). However, if a Grandfathered Stockholder becomes, after such time, the Beneficial Owner of any additional Common Shares (other than pursuant to the vesting or exercise of any equity awards issued to a member of the Board of Directors or pursuant to additional grants of any such equity awards to a member of the Board of Directors) (regardless of whether, thereafter or as a result thereof, there is an increase, decrease or no change in the percentage of Common Shares then outstanding Beneficially Owned (as such term is defined in the Rights Agreement) by such Grandfathered Stockholder) then such Grandfathered Stockholder shall be deemed to be an Acquiring Person unless, upon such acquisition of Beneficial Ownership of additional Common Shares, such person is not the Beneficial Owner of 4.9% or more of the Common Shares then outstanding. In addition, upon the first decrease of a Grandfathered Stockholder’s Beneficial Ownership below 4.9%, such Grandfathered Stockholder will no longer be deemed to be a Grandfathered Stockholder. In the event that after August 22, 2023, any agreement, arrangement or understanding pursuant to which any Grandfathered Stockholder is deemed to be the Beneficial Owner of Common Shares expires, is settled in whole or in part, terminates or no longer confers any benefit to or imposes any obligation on the Grandfathered Stockholder, any direct or indirect replacement, extension or substitution of such agreement, arrangement or understanding with respect to the same or different Common Shares that confers Beneficial Ownership of Common Shares shall be considered the acquisition of Beneficial Ownership of additional Common Shares by the Grandfathered Stockholder and render such Grandfathered Stockholder an Acquiring Person for purposes of the Rights Agreement unless, upon such acquisition of Beneficial Ownership of additional Common Shares, such person is not the Beneficial Owner of 4.9% or more of the Common Shares then outstanding.
“Beneficial Ownership” is defined in the Rights Agreement to include any securities (i) which a Person or any of such Person’s Affiliates or Associates (a) actually owns (directly or indirectly) or would be deemed to actually or constructively own pursuant to Section 382 of the Code and the Treasury Regulations (as such terms are defined in the Rights Agreement) promulgated thereunder (including any coordinated acquisition of securities by any Persons who have a formal or informal understanding with respect to such acquisition (to the extent that ownership of such securities would be attributed to such Persons under Section 382 of the Code and the Treasury Regulations promulgated thereunder), (b) beneficially owns, directly or indirectly, within the meaning of Rules 13d-3 or 13d-5 promulgated under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), but only to the extent that ownership of such securities would be attributed to such Persons (or to any “entity” that is a group of one or more such Persons) under Section 382 of the Code and the Treasury Regulations promulgated thereunder, including by application of Section 1.382-2T(k)(1)(i) of the Treasury Regulations or similar presumption or (c) has the right or ability to vote, or the right to acquire, pursuant to any agreement, arrangement or understanding (except under limited circumstances), (ii) which are directly or indirectly Beneficially Owned by any other Person with which a Person has any agreement, arrangement or understanding for the purpose of acquiring, holding or voting such securities, or obtaining, changing or influencing control of the Company, but only if the effect of such agreement, arrangement or understanding is to treat such Persons as an “entity” under Section 1.382-3(a)(1) of the Treasury Regulations or (iii) which are the subject of, or reference securities for, or that underlie, certain derivative positions of any Person or any of such Person’s Affiliates or Associates, in each case only to the extent that ownership of such securities would be attributable to such Persons (or to any “entity” that is a group of one or more such Persons) under Section 382 of the Code and the Treasury Regulations promulgated thereunder; provided, that a Person shall not be deemed to be the Beneficial Owner of, or to Beneficially Own, (x) securities tendered pursuant to a tender or exchange offer made pursuant to, and in accordance with, the applicable rules and regulations promulgated under the Exchange Act until such tendered securities are accepted for purchase or exchange or (y) any shares of the Company’s preferred stock or Class C Preferred Stock (other than the Preferred Shares).
The Rights are not exercisable until the Distribution Date. The Rights will expire on the earliest to occur of (i) the date on which the Board of Directors determines in its sole discretion that (x) the Rights Agreement is no longer necessary for the preservation of material valuable NOLs or Tax Attributes or (y) the NOLs and Tax Attributes have been fully utilized and may no longer be carried forward and (ii) the Close of Business on August 22, 2026 (the “Final Expiration Date”).
Exempt Persons and Transactions
The Board of Directors may, in its sole and absolute discretion, determine that a Person is exempt from the Rights Agreement (an “Exempt Person”), so long as such determination is made prior to such time as such Person becomes an Acquiring Person. Any Person will cease to be an Exempt Person if the Board of Directors makes a contrary determination with respect to such Person regardless of the reason therefor. In addition, the Board of Directors may, in its sole and absolute discretion, exempt any transaction from triggering the Rights Agreement, so long as the determination in respect of such exemption is made prior to such time as any Person becomes an Acquiring Person. Any Person, together with all Affiliates and Associates of such Person, who proposes to acquire 4.9% or more of the outstanding Common Shares may apply to the Board of Directors in advance for an exemption in accordance with and pursuant to the terms of the Rights Agreement.
Flip-in Event
If a Person or group becomes an Acquiring Person at any time after the date of the Rights Agreement (with certain limited exceptions), the Rights will become exercisable for Common Shares having a value equal to two times the exercise price of the Right. From and after the announcement that any Person has become an Acquiring Person, if the Rights evidenced by a Right Certificate are or were acquired or Beneficially Owned by an Acquiring Person or any Associate or Affiliate of an Acquiring Person, such Rights shall become void, and any holder of such Rights shall thereafter have no right to exercise such Rights. If the Board of Directors so elects, the Company may deliver upon payment of the exercise price of a Right an amount of cash, securities or other property equivalent in value to the Common Shares issuable upon exercise of a Right.
Exchange
At any time after any Person becomes an Acquiring Person, the Board of Directors may exchange the Rights (other than Rights owned by any Person which have become void), in whole or in part, at an exchange ratio of one Common Share per Right (subject to adjustment). The Company may issue, transfer or deposit such Common Shares (or other property as permitted under the Rights Agreement) to or into a trust or other entity created upon such terms as the Board of Directors may determine and may direct that all holders of Rights receive such Common Shares or other property only from the trust or other entity. In the event that the Board of Directors determines, before the Distribution Date, to effect an exchange, the Board of Directors may delay the occurrence of the Distribution Date to such time as it deems advisable.
Flip-over Event
If, at any time after a Person becomes an Acquiring Person, (i) the Company consolidates with, or merges with, any other Person (or any Person consolidates with, or merges with, the Company) and, in connection with such consolidation or merger, all or part of the Common Shares are or will be changed into or exchanged for stock or other securities of any other Person or cash or any other property or (ii) 50% or more of the Company’s consolidated assets or Earning Power (as defined in the Rights Agreement) is sold, then proper provision will be made so that each holder of a Right will thereafter have the right to receive, upon the exercise thereof at the then current exercise price of the Right, that number of shares of common stock of the acquiring company which at the time of such transaction will have a market value of two times the exercise price of the Right.
Redemption
At any time prior to the earlier to occur of (i) the Close of Business on the tenth day following the Stock Acquisition Date (or, if the tenth day following the Stock Acquisition Date occurs before the Record Date, the Close of Business on the Record Date) and (ii) the Final Expiration Date, the Board of Directors may redeem the Rights in whole, but not in part, at a price of $0.001 per Right (the “Redemption Price”). The redemption of the Rights may be made effective at such time, on such basis and with such conditions as the Board of Directors in its sole discretion may establish. Immediately upon any redemption of the Rights, the right to exercise the Rights will terminate and the only right of the holders of Rights will be to receive the Redemption Price.
Amendment
The terms of the Rights may be amended by the Board of Directors without the consent of the holders of the Rights, except that at any time after the Close of Business on the tenth day following the Stock Acquisition Date (or, if the tenth day following the Stock Acquisition Date occurs before the Record Date, the Close of Business on the Record Date), no such amendment may adversely affect the interests of the holders of the Rights (other than the Acquiring Person and its Affiliates and Associates).
Preferred Stock Rights
Each one-thousandth of a Preferred Share will entitle the holder thereof to the same dividends and liquidation rights as if the holder held one Common Share and will be treated the same as a Common Share in the event of a merger, consolidation or other share exchange.
Rights of Holders
Until a Right is exercised, the holder thereof, as such, will have no rights as a stockholder of the Company, including, without limitation, the right to vote or to receive dividends.
Anti-Takeover Effects of Delaware Law, Our Certificate of Incorporation and Our Bylaws
Some provisions of Delaware law, our Certificate of Incorporation and our Bylaws contain provisions that could make the following transactions more difficult: acquisitions of us by means of a tender offer, a proxy contest or otherwise or removal of our incumbent officers and directors. These provisions may also have the effect of preventing changes in our management. It is possible that these provisions could make it more difficult to accomplish or could deter transactions that stockholders may otherwise consider to be in their best interest or in our best interests, including transactions that might result in a premium over the market price for our shares.
These provisions are expected to discourage coercive takeover practices and inadequate takeover bids. These provisions are also designed to encourage persons seeking to acquire control of us to first negotiate with us. We believe that the benefits of increased protection and our potential ability to negotiate with the proponent of an unfriendly or unsolicited proposal to acquire or restructure us outweigh the disadvantages of discouraging these proposals because, among other things, negotiation of these proposals could result in an improvement of their terms.
Delaware Law
Section 203 of the DGCL prohibits a Delaware corporation from engaging in any business combination with any interested stockholder for a period of three years following the date that the stockholder became an interested stockholder, unless:
| • | the transaction is approved by the board of directors before the date the interested stockholder attained that status; |
| • | upon consummation of the transaction that resulted in the stockholder becoming an interested stockholder, the interested stockholder owned at least 85% of the voting stock of the corporation outstanding at the time the transaction commenced; or |
| • | on or after such time the business combination is approved by the board of directors and authorized at a meeting of stockholders by at least two-thirds of the outstanding voting stock that is not owned by the interested stockholder. |
An interested stockholder is defined as a person who, together with any affiliates or associates of such person, beneficially owns, directly or indirectly, 15% or more of the outstanding voting shares of a Delaware corporation. The term “business combination” is broadly defined to include a broad array of transactions, including mergers, consolidations, sales or other dispositions of assets having a total value in excess of 10% of the consolidated assets of the corporation or all of the outstanding stock of the corporation, and some other transactions that would increase the interested stockholder’s proportionate share ownership in the corporation.
Our Certificate of Incorporation and Our Bylaws
Provisions of our Certificate of Incorporation and our Bylaws may delay or discourage transactions involving an actual or potential change in control or change in our management, including transactions in which stockholders might otherwise receive a premium for their shares, or transactions that our stockholders might otherwise deem to be in their best interests. Therefore, these provisions could adversely affect the price of our common stock.
Among other things, our Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws:
| • | provide for the division of the Board of Directors into three classes, each class consisting as nearly as possible of one-third of the whole. The term of office of one class of directors expires each year; with each class of directors elected for a term of three years and until the stockholders elect their qualified successors; |
| • | provide that all vacancies, including newly created directorships, may, except as otherwise required by law or, if applicable, the rights of holders of a series of preferred stock, be filled by a majority of directors then in office, even if less than a quorum, or by the sole remaining director; |
| • | provide that (a) the affirmative vote of not less than two-thirds of the outstanding voting stock, voting as a single class, is required to amend the provisions of our Certificate of Incorporation governing our classified Board of Directors, the supermajority vote requirement for mergers and bylaw amendments, or to adopt any provision inconsistent therewith, (b) our Bylaws may be amended by a vote of a majority of the directors then in office or by a vote of the holders of two-thirds of the outstanding voting stock entitled to vote for the election of directors, and (c) certain provisions of our Bylaws (relating to director terms, vacancies and bylaw amendments) may be amended only by a vote of two-thirds of the entire Board of Directors or by a vote of two-thirds of the outstanding voting stock entitled to vote for the election of directors; |
| • | provide that special meetings of our stockholders may be called only by our chairman, by a majority of the directors then in office, or by our chairman upon receipt of a written request to do so signed by holders of record of two-thirds of the shares of stock that would be entitled to be voted on such matter or matters if the meeting was held on the day such request is received and the record date for such meeting was the close of business on the preceding day; |
| • | provide that, unless we consent in writing to the selection of an alternative forum, (i) the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware will be the sole and exclusive forum for (a) any derivative claim brought in the right of the Company, (b) any action asserting a claim of breach of a fiduciary duty owed by any of our current or former directors, officers, or other employees or stockholders, (c) any action asserting a claim arising pursuant to any provision of the DGCL, the Certificate of Incorporation or the Bylaws, (d) any action to interpret, apply, enforce or determine the validity of the Bylaws, (e) any action asserting a claim governed by the internal affairs doctrine, or (f) any other claim, not subject to exclusive federal jurisdiction, brought in any action asserting one or more of the claims specified in clauses (a) through (e); provided, that the foregoing will not apply to claims brought to enforce any liability or duty created by the Exchange Act, and (ii) the federal district courts of the United States shall be the exclusive forum for the resolution of any complaint asserting a cause of action arising under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”); |
| • | provide that the affirmative vote of the holders of not less than two-thirds of the outstanding voting stock of the Company voting as a single class shall be required for the approval or authorization of any (i) merger or consolidation of the Company with or into any other corporation, or (ii) sale, lease or exchange of all or substantially all of the assets of the Company to or with any other corporation, person or entity; provided, that such two-thirds voting requirement shall not be applicable if (a) the Company is merged with a corporation in which at least two-thirds of the outstanding shares of each class of stock of such corporation is owned by the Company, or (b) if a transaction described in clauses (i) or (ii) above has been approved by a vote of at least a majority of the members of the Board of Directors. If such two-thirds voting requirement of the outstanding voting stock of the Company shall not be applicable under the provisions of clauses (a) or (b) above, then in such event transactions specified in (i) or (ii) above shall require only such affirmative vote as is required by law, regulation or any other provision of our Certificate of Incorporation; and |
| • | provide that our Bylaws can be amended by our Board of Directors. |
Limitations of Liability and Indemnification Matters
Our Certificate of Incorporation limits the liability of our directors for monetary damages for breach of their fiduciary duty as directors, except for liability that cannot be eliminated under the DGCL. Delaware law provides that directors of a company will not be personally liable for monetary damages for breach of their fiduciary duty as directors, except for liabilities:
| • | for any breach of their duty of loyalty to us or our stockholders; |
| • | for acts or omissions not in good faith or which involve intentional misconduct or a knowing violation of law; |
| • | for unlawful payment of dividend or unlawful stock repurchase or redemption, as provided under Section 174 of the DGCL; or |
| • | for any transaction from which the director derived an improper personal benefit. |
Any amendment, repeal or modification of these provisions will be prospective only and would not affect any limitation on liability of a director for acts or omissions that occurred prior to any such amendment, repeal or modification.
Our Bylaws also provide that we will indemnify our directors and officers to the fullest extent permitted by Delaware law. If Delaware law is amended to authorize corporate action further eliminating or limiting the personal liability of a director, then the liability of our directors will be eliminated or limited to the fullest extent permitted by Delaware law, as so amended. Our Bylaws also permit us to purchase insurance on behalf of any officer, director, employee or other agent for any liability arising out of that person’s actions as our officer, director, employee or agent, regardless of whether Delaware law would permit indemnification. We have entered into indemnification agreements with each of our directors and officers. These agreements require us to indemnify these individuals to the fullest extent permitted under Delaware law against liability that may arise by reason of their service to us, and to advance expenses incurred as a result of any proceeding against them as to which they could be indemnified. We believe that the limitation of liability provision in the Certificate of Incorporation and the indemnification agreements facilitates our ability to continue to attract and retain qualified individuals to serve as directors and officers.
The limitation of liability and indemnification provisions in our Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws may discourage stockholders from bringing a lawsuit against directors for breach of their fiduciary duties. They may also reduce the likelihood of derivative litigation against directors and officers, even though an action, if successful, might benefit us and our stockholders. A stockholder’s investment may be harmed to the extent we pay the costs of settlement and damage awards against directors and officers pursuant to these indemnification provisions. Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act may be permitted to our directors, officers and controlling persons pursuant to the foregoing provisions, or otherwise, we have been advised that, in the opinion of the SEC, such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act, and is, therefore, unenforceable. There is no pending litigation or proceeding naming any of our directors or officers as to which indemnification is being sought, nor are we aware of any pending or threatened litigation that may result in claims for indemnification by any director or officer.