June 30, | Year end December 31, | |||||||||||||||||
2016 | 2015 | 2014 | 2013 | 2012 | 2011 | |||||||||||||
Earnings: | ||||||||||||||||||
Income (loss) from continuing operations before taxes | 209 | 262 | 46 | 59 | (170 | ) | (410 | ) | ||||||||||
Less: Income (loss) from equity method investments | 23 | 50 | 35 | 1 | — | 1 | ||||||||||||
Income (loss) from continuing operations before income taxes and equity method investment earnings | 186 | 212 | 11 | 58 | (170 | ) | (411 | ) | ||||||||||
Add: Distributed income of equity investee | 18 | 38 | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||
Add: Fixed charges | 93 | 191 | 207 | 230 | 230 | 237 | ||||||||||||
Less: Interest capitalized | (1 | ) | (3 | ) | (3 | ) | (3 | ) | — | — | ||||||||
Total Earnings (Loss) | 296 | 438 | 215 | 285 | 60 | (174 | ) | |||||||||||
Fixed Charges: | ||||||||||||||||||
Interest expense | 76 | 159 | 173 | 195 | 197 | 201 | ||||||||||||
Amortized premiums, discounts, and capitalized related to indebtedness | 2 | 4 | 6 | 8 | 9 | 10 | ||||||||||||
Interest capitalized | 1 | 3 | 3 | 3 | — | — | ||||||||||||
Interest portion of rent expense | 14 | 25 | 25 | 24 | 24 | 26 | ||||||||||||
Total Fixed Charges | 93 | 191 | 207 | 230 | 230 | 237 | ||||||||||||
Ratio of Earnings to Fixed Charges | 3.2 | 2.3 | 1.0 | 1.2 | - (a) | - (a) | ||||||||||||