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Press Release

Clean Harbors Announces Third-Quarter 2025 Financial Results

•Reports Revenue of $1.55 Billion with Strong Growth in Technical Services and Safety-Kleen Environmental Services
•Delivers Q3 Net Income of $118.8 Million, or EPS of $2.21
•Generates Q3 Adjusted EBITDA of $320.2 Million, up 6% Year-Over-Year; Adjusted EBITDA Margin of 20.7% is 100 bps Higher Than Prior Year Period
•Revises Full-Year 2025 Adjusted EBITDA to Reflect Q3 Performance
•Raises 2025 Adjusted Free Cash Flow Guidance
•Announces Investment in Facility to Upgrade and Recycle Re-Refinery Byproducts
NORWELL, Mass. – October 29, 2025 – Clean Harbors, Inc. (“Clean Harbors” or the “Company”) (NYSE: CLH), the leading provider of environmental and industrial services throughout North America, today announced financial results for the third quarter ended September 30, 2025.
“Our third-quarter performance reflected continued growth in our Technical Services and Safety-Kleen Environmental Services revenues,” said Eric Gerstenberg, Co-Chief Executive Officer. “We increased our consolidated Adjusted EBITDA margin by 100 basis points from a year ago by continuing to manage costs, driving operating efficiencies and increasing waste volumes handled through our disposal and recycling network. Within safety, our team did an excellent job protecting themselves and each other; at quarter end our year-to-date Total Recordable Incident Rate (TRIR) was just 0.49, putting us on track for a record year.”
Third-Quarter 2025 Results
Revenues were $1.55 billion, compared with $1.53 billion in the same period of 2024. Income from operations was $193.0 million, compared with $192.3 million in the third quarter of 2024.
Net income was $118.8 million, or $2.21 per diluted share, compared with $115.2 million, or $2.12 per diluted share, for the same period in 2024.
Adjusted EBITDA (see description and reconciliation below) increased 6% to $320.2 million from $301.8 million for the same period in 2024.
Q3 2025 Segment Review
“By leveraging our network, focusing on labor management and continuing our pricing strategies, our ES segment achieved its 14th consecutive quarter of year-over-year improvement in Adjusted EBITDA margin, which increased by 120 basis points to 26.8%,” said Gerstenberg. “The segment’s 3% top-line growth was led
Clean Harbors • 42 Longwater Drive • PO Box 9149 • Norwell, Massachusetts 02061-9149 • 800.282.0058 • www.cleanharbors.com
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by Technical Services, which grew 12% despite slowdowns with customers in some key verticals such as the chemical space due to general economic conditions and tariff driven uncertainty. Offsetting these slowdowns was significant growth from other verticals, increased remediation and waste project work, and demand for our Total PFAS Solution. Safety-Kleen Environmental Services revenue rose 8% through a combination of price and steady volume growth. High demand for disposal led to incineration utilization, excluding the new Kimball incinerator, of 92%, while landfill volumes were up 40% on project strength. Field Services revenue declined from prior year due to the absence of medium- to large-scale emergency response projects in the quarter. Within Industrial Services, chemical and refining customers continued to limit their turnaround spending. The softness in these end markets, combined with the lack of large emergency response projects and increased healthcare costs, resulted in lower-than-anticipated results for the Environmental Services segment. However, the team remains focused on margin growth and cash flow generation, and we believe that initiatives in those areas puts us in a position to greatly benefit as economic conditions improve.”
“Our Safety-Kleen Sustainability Solutions (SKSS) segment results in the quarter were consistent with our expectations. We dramatically lowered waste oil collection costs and improved our mix of products sold in the face of weaker base oil pricing,” said Mike Battles, Co-Chief Executive Officer. “We gathered 64 million gallons of waste oil, which kept our plants at full production. We incrementally increased our direct lubricant gallons sold to 9% of total volume, which helped drive our margin improvement in the segment. As highlighted in our recent news release, we are advancing our strategic shift toward higher charge-for-oil (CFO) pricing for our collection services to proactively address base oil market conditions.”
Investing in SDA Unit to Unlock Value of Re-refining Byproducts
Clean Harbors today announced plans to build a state-of-the-art processing plant that employs innovative solvent de-asphalting (SDA) technology to convert a re-refining byproduct – vacuum tower asphalt extender (VTAE) – into a high-value 600N base oil. Total investment in this facility is expected to be $210 million to $220 million with commercial launch anticipated in 2028.
“By using an industry-proven SDA process, combined with our existing hydrotreating capabilities, we expect to unlock incremental value from an everyday byproduct generated today at our re-refineries,” Battles said. “For several years we have been evaluating ways to upgrade VTAE, which we currently sell to roofing and paving markets, into a more valuable and profitable product. Because of its durability and high-performance characteristics, 600N is a high-purity base oil typically used in heavy-duty industrial applications. We expect this facility to generate annual EBITDA of $30 million to $40 million, a six- to seven-year payback on the investment once completed, which rivals the returns on our incineration projects.”
Business Outlook and Financial Guidance
“Looking ahead, we believe that the market challenges we faced in the third quarter are temporary and brought on by macro-economic conditions. The continued growth in Technical Services and Safety-Kleen Environmental demonstrates the diversification of our end markets and continued resilience of our business model. We expect our incinerators to continue to run strong through year-end and projects to continue to feed
Clean Harbors • 42 Longwater Drive • PO Box 9149 • Norwell, Massachusetts 02061-9149 • 800.282.0058 • www.cleanharbors.com
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our entire disposal and recycling network,” Gerstenberg said. “The North American economy has been navigating through short-term turbulence, but the economic outlook looks promising as reshoring continues. Based on conversations with our customers, we anticipate incentives to reshore and the benefits of the recent U.S. tax bill will drive a meaningful lift in American manufacturing, as well as continue to support remediation and waste projects. Spending constraints related to key verticals, such as chemicals and refining, should loosen in the coming quarters as economic conditions improve, benefiting our Industrial Services and Field Services businesses. Labor efficiencies and other margin generating initiatives we have undertaken put us in a good position to benefit when those key verticals rebound. Overall, we continue to see a substantial project pipeline that is only strengthened by growing PFAS opportunities. We believe our initiatives around CFO, partnerships and Group III production have stabilized our SKSS business. As a result, we expect to achieve our profitability target for this business in 2025.”
Battles concluded, “Given our current market outlook, we expect to conclude 2025 with a strong fourth-quarter performance that includes Adjusted EBITDA growth in the six to eight percent range compared with a year ago. We remain on track to deliver a record level of annual Adjusted EBITDA and adjusted free cash flow in 2025 with a healthy long-term market outlook.”
For full-year 2025, Clean Harbors is revising its prior guidance and now expects:
•Adjusted EBITDA in the range of $1.155 billion to $1.175 billion, or a midpoint of $1.165 billion, which represents 4% growth year over year. This Adjusted EBITDA range is based on anticipated GAAP net income in the range of $379 million to $400 million.
•Adjusted free cash flow in the range of $455 million to $495 million, or a midpoint of $475 million, which represents more than a 30% increase from prior year. This range is based on anticipated net cash from operating activities in the range of $795 million to $865 million.
Non-GAAP Results
Clean Harbors reports Adjusted EBITDA, which is a non-GAAP financial measure and should not be considered an alternative to net income or other measurements under generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) but viewed only as a supplement to those measurements. Adjusted EBITDA is not calculated identically by all companies, and therefore the Company’s measurement of Adjusted EBITDA may not be comparable to similarly titled measures reported by other companies. Clean Harbors believes that Adjusted EBITDA provides additional useful information to investors because the Company’s management routinely evaluates the performance of its businesses based upon levels of Adjusted EBITDA. The Company defines
Clean Harbors • 42 Longwater Drive • PO Box 9149 • Norwell, Massachusetts 02061-9149 • 800.282.0058 • www.cleanharbors.com
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Adjusted EBITDA as described in the following reconciliation showing the differences between reported GAAP net income and Adjusted EBITDA (in thousands, except percentages):
Three Months EndedNine Months Ended
September 30, 2025September 30, 2024September 30, 2025September 30, 2024
Net income$118,799 $115,213 $304,384 $318,325 
Accretion of environmental liabilities3,499 3,618 10,710 10,139 
Stock-based compensation8,922 5,837 22,620 20,690 
Depreciation and amortization114,729 100,063 342,994 295,632 
Other (income) expense, net(3,517)1,123 (1,982)2,431 
Interest expense, net of interest income35,700 35,779 108,883 100,767 
Provision for income taxes42,027 40,181 103,641 111,741 
Adjusted EBITDA$320,159 $301,814 $891,250 $859,725 
Adjusted EBITDA Margin20.7 %19.7 %19.7 %19.3 %
Adjusted Free Cash Flow Reconciliation
Clean Harbors reports adjusted free cash flow, a non-GAAP measure, which it considers to be a measurement of liquidity that provides useful information to investors about its ability to generate cash. The Company defines adjusted free cash flow as net cash from operating activities less additions to property, plant and equipment plus proceeds from sale and disposal of fixed assets. When necessary, the Company adjusts for the cash impact of items derived from non-operating activities. Adjusted free cash flow should not be considered an alternative to net cash from operating activities or other measurements under GAAP. Adjusted free cash flow is not calculated identically by all companies, and therefore the Company’s measurement of adjusted free cash flow may not be comparable to similarly titled measures reported by other companies.
An itemized reconciliation between reported GAAP net cash from operating activities and adjusted free cash flow is as follows (in thousands):
Three Months EndedNine Months Ended
September 30, 2025September 30, 2024September 30, 2025September 30, 2024
Net cash from operating activities$301,987 $239,239 $511,632 $473,833 
Additions to property, plant and equipment(94,445)(96,803)(303,169)(369,826)
Cash investment in Solvent De-Asphalting Unit11,813 — 11,813 — 
Cash investment in Phoenix Hub91 — 12,527 — 
Proceeds from sale and disposal of fixed assets11,187 2,058 15,250 6,353 
Adjusted free cash flow$230,633 $144,494 $248,053 $110,360 
Clean Harbors • 42 Longwater Drive • PO Box 9149 • Norwell, Massachusetts 02061-9149 • 800.282.0058 • www.cleanharbors.com
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Adjusted EBITDA Guidance Reconciliation
An itemized reconciliation between projected GAAP net income and projected Adjusted EBITDA is as follows (in millions):
For the Year Ending December 31, 2025
Projected GAAP net income$379to$400
Adjustments:
Accretion of environmental liabilities15to14
Stock-based compensation28to31
Depreciation and amortization455to445
Interest expense, net147to142
Provision for income taxes131to143
Projected Adjusted EBITDA$1,155to$1,175
Adjusted Free Cash Flow Guidance Reconciliation
An itemized reconciliation between projected GAAP net cash from operating activities and projected adjusted free cash flow is as follows (in millions). The Company excludes significant one-time growth investments, which the Company expects to realize future long-term benefits from, as they are not indicative of free cash flow generation for the current period.
For the Year Ending December 31, 2025
Projected net cash from operating activities$795to$865
Additions to property, plant and equipment(400)to(430)
Cash investment in Solvent De-Asphalting Unit30to30
Cash investment in Phoenix Hub15to15
Proceeds from sale and disposal of fixed assets15to15
Projected adjusted free cash flow$455to$495
Conference Call Information
Clean Harbors will conduct a conference call for investors today at 9:00 a.m. (ET) to discuss the information contained in this press release. During the call, management will discuss Clean Harbors’ financial results, business outlook and growth strategy. Investors who wish to listen to the webcast and view the accompanying slides should visit the Investor Relations section of the Company’s website at www.cleanharbors.com. The live call also can be accessed by dialing 877.709.8155 or 201.689.8881 prior to the start time. If you are unable to listen to the live conference call, the webcast will be archived on the Company’s website.
About Clean Harbors
Clean Harbors (NYSE: CLH) is North America’s leading provider of environmental and industrial services. The Company serves a diverse customer base, including a majority of Fortune 500 companies. Its customer base spans a number of industries, including chemical, manufacturing and refining, as well as numerous government agencies. These customers rely on Clean Harbors to deliver a broad range of services such as end-to-end
Clean Harbors • 42 Longwater Drive • PO Box 9149 • Norwell, Massachusetts 02061-9149 • 800.282.0058 • www.cleanharbors.com
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hazardous waste management, emergency spill response, industrial cleaning and maintenance, and recycling services. Through its Safety-Kleen subsidiary, Clean Harbors also is a leading provider of parts washers and environmental services to commercial, industrial and automotive customers, as well as North America’s largest re-refiner and recycler of used oil. Founded in 1980 and based in Massachusetts, Clean Harbors operates in the United States, Canada, Mexico, Puerto Rico and India. For more information, visit www.cleanharbors.com.
Safe Harbor Statement
Any statements contained herein that are not historical facts are forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. These forward-looking statements are generally identifiable by use of the words “believes,” “expects,” “intends,” “anticipates,” “plans to,” “seeks,” “will,” “should,” “estimates,” “projects,” “may,” “likely,” “potential,” “outlook” or similar expressions. Such statements may include, but are not limited to, statements about the Company’s future financial and operating results, plans, strategy, objectives and goals, cost management initiatives, pricing and productivity initiatives, contingent liabilities, liquidity, business, economic and market conditions, trends, customer demand, impacts of tariffs and new legislation, acquisitions, growth opportunities, expectations, challenges and other statements that are not historical facts. Such statements are based upon the beliefs and expectations of Clean Harbors’ management as of the date of this press release only and are subject to certain risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially, including, without limitation: operational and safety risks; risks relating to the failure of new or existing technologies; cybersecurity risks; the occurrence of natural disasters or other catastrophic events, as well as their residual macroeconomic effects; risks associated with retaining and hiring key personnel; environmental liability and product liability risks relating to hazardous waste management and other components of the Company’s business; negative economic, industry or other developments, including market volatility or economic downturns; risks associated with management’s assumptions relating to expansion of the Company’s landfills; reductions in the demand for emergency response services at industrial facilities or on roadways, railways or waterways, and other remedial projects and regulatory developments; reductions in the demand for oil products and automotive services and volatility in oil prices in the markets the Company serves; changes in statutory and regulatory requirements and risks relating to extensive environmental laws and regulations; risks associated with existing and potential litigation; risks associated with the Company’s identification and execution of strategic acquisitions and divestitures and their related liabilities; risks relating to the availability and sufficiency of the Company’s insurance coverage, self-insurance, surety bonds, letters of credit and other forms of financial assurance; the impact of new tax legislation or changes in tax regulations and interpretations; the imposition of trade sanctions or tariffs; fluctuations in interest rates and foreign currency exchange rates; risks relating to the Company’s indebtedness and covenants in its debt agreements; risks associated with certain anti-takeover provisions under the Massachusetts Business Corporation Act and the Company’s By-Laws, and those items identified as “Risk Factors” in Clean Harbors’ most recently filed reports on Form 10-K and Form 10-Q. Forward-looking statements are neither historical facts nor assurances of future performance. Therefore, readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements. Clean Harbors undertakes no obligation to revise or publicly release the results of any revision to these forward-looking statements other than through its filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission, which may be viewed in the “Investors” section of Clean Harbors’ website at www.cleanharbors.com.
Clean Harbors • 42 Longwater Drive • PO Box 9149 • Norwell, Massachusetts 02061-9149 • 800.282.0058 • www.cleanharbors.com
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Contacts:
Eric J. Dugas
Jim Buckley
EVP and Chief Financial Officer
SVP Investor Relations
Clean Harbors, Inc.
Clean Harbors, Inc.
781.792.5100
781.792.5100
InvestorRelations@cleanharbors.com
Buckley.James@cleanharbors.com
    
Clean Harbors • 42 Longwater Drive • PO Box 9149 • Norwell, Massachusetts 02061-9149 • 800.282.0058 • www.cleanharbors.com
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CLEAN HARBORS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(in thousands, except per share amounts)

 Three Months EndedNine Months Ended
September 30,September 30,
2025202420252024
Revenues$1,549,337 $1,529,422 $4,531,141 $4,458,836 
Cost of revenues (exclusive of items shown separately below)1,048,490 1,055,599 3,103,871 3,062,211 
Selling, general and administrative expenses189,610 177,846 558,640 557,590 
Accretion of environmental liabilities3,499 3,618 10,710 10,139 
Depreciation and amortization114,729 100,063 342,994 295,632 
Income from operations193,009 192,296 514,926 533,264 
Other income (expense), net3,517 (1,123)1,982 (2,431)
Interest expense, net(35,700)(35,779)(108,883)(100,767)
Income before provision for income taxes160,826 155,394 408,025 430,066 
Provision for income taxes42,027 40,181 103,641 111,741 
Net income$118,799 $115,213 $304,384 $318,325 
Earnings per share:  
Basic$2.22 $2.14 $5.67 $5.90 
Diluted$2.21 $2.12 $5.65 $5.87 
Shares used to compute earnings per share - Basic53,51853,95153,65953,936
Shares used to compute earnings per share - Diluted53,71354,22953,87154,229

Clean Harbors • 42 Longwater Drive • PO Box 9149 • Norwell, Massachusetts 02061-9149 • 800.282.0058 • www.cleanharbors.com
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CLEAN HARBORS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(in thousands)
September 30, 2025December 31, 2024
Current assets:(unaudited) 
Cash and cash equivalents$759,197 $687,192 
Short-term marketable securities91,176 102,634 
Accounts receivable, net1,104,805 1,015,357 
Unbilled accounts receivable182,059 162,215 
Inventories and supplies377,308 384,657 
Prepaid expenses and other current assets93,716 81,741 
Total current assets2,608,261 2,433,796 
Property, plant and equipment, net2,497,600 2,447,941 
Other assets:
Operating lease right-of-use assets241,048 250,853 
Goodwill1,478,831 1,477,199 
Permits and other intangibles, net663,965 701,987 
Other long-term assets50,594 65,502 
Total other assets2,434,438 2,495,541 
Total assets$7,540,299 $7,377,278 
Current liabilities:
Current portion of long-term debt$15,102 $15,102 
Accounts payable444,119 487,286 
Deferred revenue91,966 88,545 
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities415,170 419,445 
Current portion of closure, post-closure and remedial liabilities28,814 20,625 
Current portion of operating lease liabilities72,241 71,663 
Total current liabilities1,067,412 1,102,666 
Other liabilities: 
Closure and post-closure liabilities, less current portion122,546 119,484 
Remedial liabilities, less current portion85,299 101,424 
Long-term debt, less current portion2,764,231 2,771,117 
Operating lease liabilities, less current portion173,137 182,883 
Deferred tax liabilities358,597 363,623 
Other long-term liabilities193,237 162,552 
Total other liabilities3,697,047 3,701,083 
       Total stockholders’ equity, net
2,775,840 2,573,529 
       Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity
$7,540,299 $7,377,278 
Clean Harbors • 42 Longwater Drive • PO Box 9149 • Norwell, Massachusetts 02061-9149 • 800.282.0058 • www.cleanharbors.com
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CLEAN HARBORS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(in thousands)
Nine Months Ended
September 30, 2025September 30, 2024
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income$304,384 $318,325 
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash from operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization342,994 295,632 
Allowance for doubtful accounts6,520 5,674 
Amortization of deferred financing costs and debt discount5,024 4,623 
Accretion of environmental liabilities10,710 10,139 
Changes in environmental liability estimates(8,933)4,347 
Deferred income taxes— (418)
Other (income) expense, net(1,982)2,431 
Stock-based compensation22,620 20,690 
Environmental expenditures(10,960)(19,679)
Changes in assets and liabilities, net of acquisitions:
Accounts receivable and unbilled accounts receivable(113,131)(145,647)
Inventories and supplies8,301 (39,673)
Other current and long-term assets(5,467)(47,826)
Accounts payable(35,492)30,004 
Other current and long-term liabilities(12,956)35,211 
Net cash from operating activities511,632 473,833 
Cash flows used in investing activities:
Additions to property, plant and equipment(303,169)(369,826)
Proceeds from sale and disposal of fixed assets15,250 6,353 
Acquisitions, net of cash acquired— (474,011)
Proceeds from sale of business— 750 
Additions to intangible assets including costs to obtain or renew permits(1,528)(2,545)
Purchases of available-for-sale securities(62,108)(73,682)
Proceeds from sale of available-for-sale securities74,968 100,021 
Net cash used in investing activities(276,587)(812,940)
Cash flows (used in) from financing activities:
Change in uncashed checks(2,639)(5,852)
Tax payments related to withholdings on vested restricted stock(13,833)(11,514)
Repurchases of common stock(117,001)(30,215)
Proceeds from employee stock purchase plan3,360 — 
Deferred financing costs paid— (8,316)
Payments on finance leases(25,088)(23,596)
Principal payments on debt(11,327)(11,327)
Proceeds from issuance of debt, net of discount— 499,375 
Net cash (used in) from financing activities(166,528)408,555 
Effect of exchange rate change on cash3,488 (1,775)
Increase in cash and cash equivalents72,005 67,673 
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period687,192 444,698 
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period$759,197 $512,371 
Clean Harbors • 42 Longwater Drive • PO Box 9149 • Norwell, Massachusetts 02061-9149 • 800.282.0058 • www.cleanharbors.com
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Supplemental information:
Cash payments for interest and income taxes:
Interest paid$133,520 $134,177 
Income taxes paid, net of refunds93,531 100,752 
Non-cash investing activities:
Property, plant and equipment accrued36,604 43,604 
ROU assets obtained in exchange for operating lease liabilities51,736 98,927 
ROU assets obtained in exchange for finance lease liabilities59,937 53,391 
Supplemental Segment Data (in thousands)

Three Months Ended
RevenueSeptember 30, 2025September 30, 2024
Third-Party RevenuesIntersegment Revenues (Expenses), netDirect RevenuesThird-Party RevenuesIntersegment Revenues (Expenses), netDirect Revenues
Environmental Services$1,318,580 $12,720 $1,331,300 $1,287,650 $9,537 $1,297,187 
Safety-Kleen Sustainability Solutions230,757 (12,720)218,037 241,676 (9,537)232,139 
Corporate— — — 96 — 96 
Total$1,549,337 $— $1,549,337 $1,529,422 $— $1,529,422 

Nine Months Ended
RevenueSeptember 30, 2025September 30, 2024
Third-Party RevenuesIntersegment Revenues (Expenses), netDirect RevenuesThird-Party RevenuesIntersegment Revenues (Expenses), netDirect Revenues
Environmental Services$3,855,677 $36,771 $3,892,448 $3,746,227 $32,853 $3,779,080 
Safety-Kleen Sustainability Solutions675,278 (36,771)638,507 712,312 (32,853)679,459 
Corporate186 — 186 297 — 297 
Total$4,531,141 $— $4,531,141 $4,458,836 $— $4,458,836 
Three Months EndedNine Months Ended
Adjusted EBITDASeptember 30, 2025September 30, 2024September 30, 2025September 30, 2024
Environmental Services$357,229 $332,502 $1,008,014 $956,892 
Safety-Kleen Sustainability Solutions40,937 41,226 107,502 122,402 
Corporate(78,007)(71,914)(224,266)(219,569)
Total$320,159 $301,814 $891,250 $859,725 

Clean Harbors • 42 Longwater Drive • PO Box 9149 • Norwell, Massachusetts 02061-9149 • 800.282.0058 • www.cleanharbors.com