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UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

☒

QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the Quarterly Period Ended March 31, 2026

OR

☐

TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the Transition Period from ___________ to ___________

Commission file number 001-35095

UNITED COMMUNITY BANKS, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Georgia						58-1807304
(State of incorporation)						(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

200 East Camperdown Way
Greenville, South Carolina						29601
(Address of principal executive offices)						(Zip code)

(800) 822-2651

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of Each Class			Trading Symbol(s)			Name of Each Exchange on Which Registered
Common stock, par value $1 per share			UCB			New York Stock Exchange

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.

Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Date File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).

Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer

☒

Accelerated filer

☐

Non-accelerated filer

☐

Smaller reporting company

☐

Emerging growth company

☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).

Yes ☐ No ☒

There were 119,686,643 shares of the registrant’s common stock, par value $1 per share, outstanding as of April 30, 2026.

---

UNITED COMMUNITY BANKS, INC.

FORM 10-Q

INDEX

						Glossary of Defined Terms			3
						Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-looking Statements			4
PART I - Financial Information
			Item 1.			Financial Statements
						Consolidated Balance Sheets (unaudited)			5
						Consolidated Statements of Income (unaudited)			6
						Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (unaudited)			7
						Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders’ Equity (unaudited)			8
						Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (unaudited)			9
						Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements			10
			Item 2.			Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations			30
			Item 3.			Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk			47
			Item 4.			Controls and Procedures			47
PART II - Other Information
			Item 1A.			Risk Factors			48
			Item 2.			Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds.			48
			Item 5.			Other Information.			48
			Item 6.			Exhibits			49

2

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Glossary of Defined Terms

The following terms may be used throughout this report, including the consolidated financial statements and related notes.

Term						Definition
2025 10-K						United’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025 filed with the SEC on February 17, 2026
ACL						Allowance for credit losses
AFS						Available-for-sale
ALCO						Asset/Liability Management Committee
ANB						ANB Holdings, Inc. and its wholly-owned subsidiary, American National Bank
AOCI						Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)
Bank						United Community Bank
Board						United Community Banks Inc., Board of Directors
BOLI						Bank-owned life insurance
CECL						Current expected credit losses
CET1						Common equity tier 1
CME						Chicago Mercantile Exchange
CRE						Commercial real estate
Company						United Community Banks Inc. (interchangeable with "United" below)
DTA						Deferred tax asset
DTL						Deferred tax liability
FDIC						Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation
FDM						Modification made to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty
Federal Reserve						Federal Reserve Bank
FHLB						Federal Home Loan Bank
FTE						Fully taxable equivalent
GAAP						Accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America
GSE						U.S. government-sponsored enterprise
Holding Company						United Community Banks, Inc. on an unconsolidated basis
HTM						Held-to-maturity
MD&A						Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
MBS						Mortgage-backed securities
NOW						Negotiable order of withdrawal
NPA						Nonperforming asset
OCI						Other comprehensive income (loss)
OREO						Other real estate owned
Peach State						Peach State Bancshares, Inc. and its wholly owned-subsidiary, Peach State Bank & Trust
Report						Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ending March 31, 2026
SBA						United States Small Business Administration
SEC						United States Securities and Exchange Commission
United						United Community Banks, Inc. and its direct and indirect subsidiaries
USDA						United States Department of Agriculture

3

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Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-looking Statements

 

This Report contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Forward-looking statements are neither statements of historical or current fact nor are they assurances of future performance and generally can be identified by the use of forward-looking terminology such as “believes”, “expects”, “may”, “will”, “could”, “should”, “projects”, “plans”, “goal”, “targets”, “potential”, “estimates”, “pro forma”, “seeks”, “intends”, or “anticipates”, or similar expressions. Forward-looking statements include discussions of strategy, financial projections, guidance and estimates (including their underlying assumptions), statements regarding plans, objectives, expectations or consequences of various transactions (including the expected closing date of our merger with Peach State) or events, and statements about our future performance, operations, products and services, and should be viewed with caution.

Because forward-looking statements relate to the future, they are subject to known and unknown risks, uncertainties, assumptions, and changes in circumstances, many of which are beyond our control, and that are difficult to predict as to timing, extent, likelihood and degree of occurrence, and that could cause actual results to differ materially from the results implied or anticipated by the statements. Important factors that could cause our actual results and financial condition to differ materially from those indicated in the forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to the following:

•negative economic and political conditions that adversely affect the general economy, the banking sector, housing prices, the real estate market, the job market, consumer confidence, the financial condition of our borrowers and consumer spending habits, which may affect, among other things, the levels of NPAs, charge-offs and provision expense;

•changes in loan underwriting, credit review or loss policies associated with economic conditions, examination conclusions or regulatory developments;

•the potential effects of pandemics or public health conditions on the economic and business environments in which we operate, including the impact of actions taken by governmental authorities to address these conditions;

•strategic, market, operational, liquidity and interest rate risks associated with our business;

•potential fluctuations or unanticipated changes in the interest rate environment, including interest rate changes made by the Federal Reserve, replacement or reform of other interest rate benchmarks, as well as cash flow reassessments may reduce net interest margin and/or the volumes and values of loans made or held as well as the value of other financial assets;

•any unanticipated or greater than anticipated adverse conditions in the national or local economies in which we operate;

•our loan concentration in industries or sectors that may experience unanticipated or greater than anticipated adverse conditions than other industries or sectors in the national or local economies in which we operate;

•the risks of expansion into new geographic or product markets;

•risks with respect to our ability to identify and complete future mergers or acquisitions as well as our ability to successfully expand and integrate those businesses and operations that we acquire;

•the ability by each of United and Peach State to obtain required governmental approvals of the proposed transaction on the timeline expected, or at all and without the imposition of adverse conditions; the failure to satisfy other conditions to completion of the proposed Peach State merger, including the approval by Peach State shareholders, or any unexpected delay in closing the proposed transaction or the occurrence of any event, change or other circumstances that could give rise to the termination of the Peach State merger agreement;

•the outcome of any legal or regulatory proceedings or governmental inquiries or investigations that may be currently pending or later instituted against United or Peach State that relate to the proposed Peach State merger;

•the risk that the cost savings and any revenue synergies from the Peach State merger may not be realized or take longer than anticipated to be realized or that the costs, fees, expenses and charges related to the merger may be greater than anticipated;

•disruption from the Peach State merger of customer, supplier, employee or other business partner relationships of United or Peach State;

•our ability to attract and retain key employees;

•competition from financial institutions and other financial service providers including non-bank financial technology providers and our ability to attract customers from other financial institutions;

•losses due to fraudulent and negligent conduct of our customers, third-party service providers or employees;

•cybersecurity risks and the vulnerability of our network and online banking portals, and the systems or parties with whom we contract, to unauthorized access, computer viruses, phishing schemes, spam attacks, human error, natural disasters, power loss and other security breaches that could adversely affect our business and financial performance or reputation;

•our reliance on third parties to provide key components of our business infrastructure and services required to operate our business;

•the risk that we may be required to make substantial expenditures to keep pace with regulatory initiatives and the rapid technological changes in the financial services market; including those accelerated by the use of artificial intelligence and machine learning;

•the availability of and access to capital, particularly if there were to be increased capital requirements or enhanced regulatory supervision;

•legislative, regulatory or accounting changes that may adversely affect us;

•volatility in the ACL resulting from the CECL methodology, either alone or as that may be affected by conditions affecting our business;

•adverse results (including judgments, costs, fines, reputational harm, inability to obtain necessary approvals and/or other negative effects) from current or future legislation, litigation, regulatory proceedings, examinations, investigations, or similar matters, or developments related thereto;

•government shutdowns, the effect of which could delay legislative activities or regulatory approval processes that could be harmful to our customers, business activities and strategic initiatives;

•any matter that would cause us to conclude that there was impairment of any asset, including intangible assets, such as goodwill;

•limitations on our ability to declare and pay dividends and other distributions from the Bank to the Holding Company, which could affect Holding Company liquidity, including its ability to pay dividends to shareholders or take other capital actions;

•the potential effects of events beyond our control that may have a destabilizing effect on financial markets and the economy, such as inflation or recession, terrorist activities, wars and other foreign conflicts, climate change and weather related events, disruptions in our customers’ supply chains, disruptions in transportation, essential utility outages or trade disputes and tariffs including threats thereof, either imposed by the U.S. or other trading partners in retaliation to U.S. tariffs; and

•other risks and uncertainties disclosed in documents filed or furnished by us with or to the SEC, any of which could cause actual results to differ materially from future results expressed, implied or otherwise anticipated by such forward-looking statements.

We caution readers that the foregoing list of factors is not exclusive, is not necessarily in order of importance and readers should not place undue reliance on forward-looking statements. Additional factors that may cause actual results to differ materially from those contemplated by any forward-looking statements also may be found in Item 1A, Risk Factors of our 2025 10-K and in Part II, Item 1A, “Risk Factors” of this Report. We do not intend to and, except as required by law, hereby disclaim any obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statement contained in this Report, which speaks only as of the date of its filing with the SEC, whether as a result of new information, future events, or otherwise.

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Part I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Financial Statements

UNITED COMMUNITY BANKS, INC.
Consolidated Balance Sheets (Unaudited)

(in thousands, except share data)						March 31, 2026						December 31, 2025
ASSETS
Cash and due from banks						$	177,025					$	202,586
Interest-bearing deposits in banks						316,116						193,168
Cash and cash equivalents						493,141						395,754
Trading securities						103,384						—
Debt securities available-for-sale						3,574,546						3,750,863
Debt securities held-to-maturity (fair value $1,878,414 and $1,918,426, respectively)						2,211,523						2,237,356
Loans held for sale						41,357						39,381
Loans and leases held for investment						19,601,641						19,384,317
Less allowance for credit losses - loans and leases						(208,396)						(210,429)
Loans and leases, net						19,393,245						19,173,888
Premises and equipment, net						391,883						393,714
Bank-owned life insurance						365,492						364,184
Goodwill and other intangible assets, net						964,819						967,882
Other assets (including $99,020 and $107,583 at fair value, respectively)						637,192						679,532
Total assets						$	28,176,582					$	28,002,554
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Liabilities:
Deposits:
Noninterest-bearing demand						$	6,473,101					$	6,252,252
Interest-bearing deposits						17,551,964						17,546,178
Total deposits						24,025,065						23,798,430
Short-term borrowings						—						85,000
Long-term debt						120,500						120,400
Accrued expense and other liabilities (including $65,178 and $69,482 at fair value, respectively)						376,351						360,038
Total liabilities						24,521,916						24,363,868
Shareholders' equity:
Common stock, $1 par value: 200,000,000 shares authorized,   119,684,031 and 120,598,266 shares issued and outstanding, respectively						119,684						120,598
Capital surplus						2,721,132						2,754,399
Retained earnings						968,188						914,261
Accumulated other comprehensive loss						(154,338)						(150,572)
Total shareholders' equity						3,654,666						3,638,686
Total liabilities and shareholders' equity						$	28,176,582					$	28,002,554

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements (unaudited).

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UNITED COMMUNITY BANKS, INC.
Consolidated Statements of Income (Unaudited)

															Three Months Ended March 31,
			(in thousands, except per share data)																		2026						2025
			Net interest revenue:
			Interest revenue:
			Loans, including fees																		$	286,077					$	274,056
			Securities:
			Taxable																		44,483						57,172
			Tax-exempt																		1,646						1,678
			Other																		1,755						2,451
			Total interest revenue																		333,961						335,357
			Interest expense:
			Deposits																		98,029						118,934
			Short-term borrowings																		998						1,107
			Federal Home Loan Bank advances																		969						433
			Long-term debt																		1,201						2,862
			Total interest expense																		101,197						123,336
			Net interest revenue																		232,764						212,021
			Noninterest income:
			Service charges and fees																		9,545						9,535
			Mortgage loan gains and other related fees																		8,029						6,122
			Wealth management fees																		4,629						4,465
			Net gains from sales of other loans																		1,893						1,396
			Lending and loan servicing fees																		3,971						4,165
			Securities gains, net																		133						6
			Other																		15,546						9,967
			Total noninterest income																		43,746						35,656
			Total revenue																		276,510						247,677
			Provision for credit losses																		10,853						15,419
			Noninterest expense:
			Salaries and employee benefits																		101,249						84,267
			Communications and equipment																		14,102						13,699
			Occupancy																		11,725						10,929
			Advertising and public relations																		2,397						1,881
			Postage, printing and supplies																		2,757						2,561
			Professional fees																		5,576						5,931
			Lending and loan servicing expense																		2,582						1,987
			Outside services - electronic banking																		3,559						2,763
			FDIC assessments and other regulatory charges																		2,269						4,642
			Amortization of intangibles																		3,063						3,286
			Merger-related and other charges																		873						1,297
			Other																		7,150						7,856
			Total noninterest expense																		157,302						141,099
			Income before income taxes																		108,355						91,159
			Income tax expense																		24,066						19,746
			Net income																		$	84,289					$	71,413
			Net income available to common shareholders																		$	83,737					$	69,429
			Net income per common share:
			Basic																		$	0.69					$	0.58
			Diluted																		0.69						0.58
			Weighted average common shares outstanding:
			Basic																		120,498						120,043
			Diluted																		120,723						120,201

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements (unaudited).

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UNITED COMMUNITY BANKS, INC.
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Unaudited)

												Three Months Ended March 31,
(in thousands)																								Before-tax Amount						Tax (Expense) Benefit						Net of Tax Amount
2026
Net income																								$	108,355					$	(24,066)					$	84,289
Other comprehensive loss:
Unrealized losses on available-for-sale securities:
Unrealized holding losses																								(1,305)						300						(1,005)
Reclassification adjustment for gains included in net income																								(133)						28						(105)
Net unrealized losses on available-for-sale securities																								(1,438)						328						(1,110)
Amortization of unrealized losses on held-to-maturity securities transferred from available-for-sale																								1,731						(437)						1,294
Derivative instruments designated as cash flow hedges:
Unrealized holding gains on derivatives																								671						(169)						502
Gains on derivative instruments realized in net income																								(5,968)						1,507						(4,461)
Net cash flow hedge activity																								(5,297)						1,338						(3,959)
Amortization of defined benefit pension plan net periodic pension cost components																								13						(4)						9
Total other comprehensive loss																								(4,991)						1,225						(3,766)
Comprehensive income																								$	103,364					$	(22,841)					$	80,523
2025
Net income																								$	91,159					$	(19,746)					$	71,413
Other comprehensive income:
Unrealized gains on available-for-sale securities:
Unrealized holding gains																								34,624						(8,170)						26,454
Reclassification adjustment for gains included in net income																								(6)						2						(4)
Net unrealized gains on available-for-sale securities																								34,618						(8,168)						26,450
Amortization of unrealized losses on held-to-maturity securities transferred from available-for-sale																								1,964						(464)						1,500
Derivative instruments designated as cash flow hedges:
Unrealized holding losses on derivatives																								(989)						250						(739)
Gains on derivative instruments realized in net income																								(1,121)						283						(838)
Net cash flow hedge activity																								(2,110)						533						(1,577)
Amortization of defined benefit pension plan net periodic pension cost components																								(17)						4						(13)
Total other comprehensive income																								34,455						(8,095)						26,360
Comprehensive income																								$	125,614					$	(27,841)					$	97,773

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements (unaudited).

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UNITED COMMUNITY BANKS, INC.
Consolidated Statement of Changes in Shareholders’ Equity (Unaudited)
(in thousands except share and per share data)

			Shares of Common Stock						Preferred Stock						Common Stock						Capital Surplus						Retained Earnings						Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss						Total
Balance at December 31, 2025			120,598,266						$	—					$	120,598					$	2,754,399					$	914,261					$	(150,572)					$	3,638,686
Net income																											84,289												84,289
Other comprehensive loss																																	(3,766)						(3,766)
Purchases of common stock			(1,090,402)												(1,090)						(36,313)																		(37,403)
Common stock dividends ($0.25 per share)																											(30,362)												(30,362)
Impact of equity-based compensation awards			128,204												128						3,301																		3,429
Impact of other United sponsored equity plans			47,963												48						(255)																		(207)
Balance at March 31, 2026			119,684,031						$	—					$	119,684					$	2,721,132					$	968,188					$	(154,338)					$	3,654,666
Balance at December 31, 2024			119,364,110						$	88,266					$	119,364					$	2,723,278					$	714,138					$	(212,919)					$	3,432,127
Net income																											71,413												71,413
Other comprehensive income																																	26,360						26,360
Preferred stock dividends																											(1,573)												(1,573)
Common stock dividends ($0.24 per share)																											(29,007)												(29,007)
Impact of equity-based compensation awards			103,781												104						1,568																		1,672
Impact of other United sponsored equity plans			46,407												46						(142)																		(96)
Balance at March 31, 2025			119,514,298						$	88,266					$	119,514					$	2,724,704					$	754,971					$	(186,559)					$	3,500,896

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements (unaudited).

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UNITED COMMUNITY BANKS, INC.
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited)

						Three Months Ended March 31,
(in thousands)						2026						2025
Operating activities:
Net income						$	84,289					$	71,413
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation, amortization and accretion, net						19,819						11,448
Provision for credit losses						10,853						15,419
Stock-based compensation						3,342						2,321
Deferred income tax expense						6,055						168
Securities gains, net						(133)						(6)
Net gains from sales of other loans						(1,893)						(1,396)
Changes in assets and liabilities:
Trading securities						(103,384)						—
Loans held for sale						(1,976)						20,190
Other assets						41,987						19,878
Accrued expense and other liabilities						10,322						(40,803)
Net cash provided by operating activities						69,281						98,632
Investing activities:
Debt securities held-to-maturity:
Proceeds from maturities and calls						26,850						30,757
Debt securities available-for-sale:
Proceeds from sales						25,030						53,476
Proceeds from maturities and calls						200,251						177,005
Purchases						(55,009)						(58,856)
Net increase in loans						(236,778)						(253,750)
Payments for other investments						(25,217)						(11,236)
Proceeds from other investments						23,405						6,076
Purchases of premises and equipment						(6,924)						(4,313)
Other, net						2,852						4,262
Net cash used in investing activities						(45,540)						(56,579)
Financing activities:
Net increase in deposits						226,611						301,392
Net decrease in short-term borrowings						(85,000)						(195,000)
Proceeds from FHLB advances						475,000						126,000
Repayment of FHLB advances						(475,000)						(126,000)
Repurchase of common stock						(37,093)						—
Cash dividends on common stock						(30,589)						(29,057)
Cash dividends on preferred stock						—						(1,573)
Other, net						(283)						(976)
Net cash provided by financing activities						73,646						74,786
Net change in cash and cash equivalents						97,387						116,839
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period						395,754						519,873
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period						$	493,141					$	636,712
Significant non-cash investing and financing transactions:
Commitments to fund other investments						$	12,400					$	—
Unsettled securities purchases						—						15,000

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements (unaudited).

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UNITED COMMUNITY BANKS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

Note 1 – Basis of Presentation

Basis of Presentation

United’s accounting and financial reporting policies conform to GAAP and reporting guidelines of banking regulatory authorities. The accompanying interim consolidated financial statements have not been audited. All material intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated. A more detailed description of United’s accounting policies is included in its 2025 10-K.

During the first quarter of 2026, United established a trading securities portfolio as part of a hedging strategy to mitigate the volatility in the fair value of United’s mortgage servicing rights asset. The trading securities portfolio consists of U.S. Treasuries that are carried at fair value on the consolidated balance sheets. The securities are classified as Level 1 assets in the fair value hierarchy. Changes in the fair value of the securities are recognized in the consolidated statements of income in other noninterest income. Interest income on trading securities is included in securities interest revenue in the consolidated statements of income.

 

In management’s opinion, all necessary accounting adjustments have been made to fairly present the financial position and results of operations in the accompanying financial statements. These adjustments are normal and recurring accruals considered necessary for a fair and accurate presentation. The results for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of results for the full year or any other interim periods. The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and related notes appearing in United’s 2025 10-K.

Note 2 – Investment Securities

The amortized cost basis, unrealized gains and losses and fair value of HTM debt securities as of the dates indicated are as follows.

(in thousands)			Amortized Cost						Gross Unrealized Gains						Gross Unrealized Losses						Fair Value
As of March 31, 2026
U.S. Treasuries			$	19,935					$	—					$	917					$	19,018
U.S. Government Agencies & GSEs			98,322						—						11,424						86,898
State and political subdivisions			281,815						17						45,244						236,588
Residential MBS, Agency & GSEs			1,161,317						8						170,735						990,590
Commercial MBS, Agency & GSEs			635,134						—						102,957						532,177
Supranational entities			15,000						—						1,857						13,143
Total			$	2,211,523					$	25					$	333,134					$	1,878,414
As of December 31, 2025
U.S. Treasuries			$	19,927					$	—					$	888					$	19,039
U.S. Government Agencies & GSEs			98,851						—						11,233						87,618
State and political subdivisions			282,807						42						41,784						241,065
Residential MBS, Agency & GSEs			1,182,098						15						164,860						1,017,253
Commercial MBS, Agency & GSEs			638,673						—						98,391						540,282
Supranational entities			15,000						—						1,831						13,169
Total			$	2,237,356					$	57					$	318,987					$	1,918,426

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UNITED COMMUNITY BANKS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

The amortized cost basis, unrealized gains and losses, and fair value of AFS debt securities as of the dates indicated are presented below.

(in thousands)			Amortized Cost						Gross Unrealized Gains						Gross Unrealized Losses						Fair Value
As of March 31, 2026
U.S. Treasuries			$	476,555					$	257					$	3,916					$	472,896
U.S. Government Agencies & GSEs			290,330						162						9,684						280,808
State and political subdivisions			160,393						1						10,153						150,241
Residential MBS, Agency & GSEs			1,419,548						6,258						82,530						1,343,276
Residential MBS, Non-Agency			266,723						4						12,862						253,865
Commercial MBS, Agency & GSEs			691,606						3,529						24,887						670,248
Commercial MBS, Non-Agency			7,746						—						124						7,622
Corporate bonds			140,041						23						5,978						134,086
Asset-backed securities			262,559						111						1,166						261,504
Total			$	3,715,501					$	10,345					$	151,300					$	3,574,546
As of December 31, 2025
U.S. Treasuries			$	496,402					$	1,106					$	3,753					$	493,755
U.S. Government Agencies & GSEs			308,096						129						9,875						298,350
State and political subdivisions			165,118						—						10,235						154,883
Residential MBS, Agency & GSEs			1,503,962						6,151						79,636						1,430,477
Residential MBS, Non-Agency			272,869						7						13,021						259,855
Commercial MBS, Agency & GSEs			704,318						4,896						24,897						684,317
Commercial MBS, Non-Agency			7,857						—						87						7,770
Corporate bonds			142,527						27						5,886						136,668
Asset-backed securities			285,435						294						941						284,788
Total			$	3,886,584					$	12,610					$	148,331					$	3,750,863

 

As of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025 the carrying value of pledged securities totaled $2.77 billion and $2.98 billion, respectively. Securities were pledged primarily to secure public deposits.

The following table summarizes the fair values and gross unrealized losses of HTM debt securities as of the dates indicated based on the length of time that individual securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position.

			Length of Time in Unrealized Loss Position
			Less than 12 Months												12 Months or More												Total
(in thousands)			Fair Value						Unrealized Loss						Fair Value						Unrealized Loss						Fair Value						Unrealized Loss
As of March 31, 2026
U.S. Treasuries			$	—					$	—					$	19,018					$	917					$	19,018					$	917
U.S. Government Agencies & GSEs			—						—						86,898						11,424						86,898						11,424
State and political subdivisions			11,148						135						218,057						45,109						229,205						45,244
Residential MBS, Agency & GSEs			600						12						989,094						170,723						989,694						170,735
Commercial MBS, Agency & GSEs			6,134						270						526,043						102,687						532,177						102,957
Supranational entities			—						—						13,143						1,857						13,143						1,857
Total			$	17,882					$	417					$	1,852,253					$	332,717					$	1,870,135					$	333,134
As of December 31, 2025
U.S. Treasuries			$	—					$	—					$	19,039					$	888					$	19,039					$	888
U.S. Government Agencies & GSEs			—						—						87,618						11,233						87,618						11,233
State and political subdivisions			—						—						226,464						41,784						226,464						41,784
Residential MBS, Agency & GSEs			—						—						1,016,225						164,860						1,016,225						164,860
Commercial MBS, Agency & GSEs			—						—						540,282						98,391						540,282						98,391
Supranational entities			—						—						13,169						1,831						13,169						1,831
Total			$	—					$	—					$	1,902,797					$	318,987					$	1,902,797					$	318,987

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UNITED COMMUNITY BANKS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

The following table summarizes the fair values and gross unrealized losses of AFS debt securities as of the dates indicated based on the length of time that individual securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position.

			Length of Time in Unrealized Loss Position
			Less than 12 Months												12 Months or More												Total
(in thousands)			Fair Value						Unrealized Loss						Fair Value						Unrealized Loss						Fair Value						Unrealized Loss
As of March 31, 2026
U.S. Treasuries			$	210,849					$	492					$	111,280					$	3,424					$	322,129					$	3,916
U.S. Government Agencies & GSEs			3,463						9						215,778						9,675						219,241						9,684
State and political subdivisions			1,526						2						145,545						10,151						147,071						10,153
Residential MBS, Agency & GSEs			77,377						574						760,369						81,956						837,746						82,530
Residential MBS, Non-Agency			32,343						525						221,143						12,337						253,486						12,862
Commercial MBS, Agency & GSEs			33,871						77						338,409						24,810						372,280						24,887
Commercial MBS, Non-Agency			—						—						7,622						124						7,622						124
Corporate bonds			—						—						132,149						5,978						132,149						5,978
Asset-backed securities			114,612						603						55,036						563						169,648						1,166
Total			$	474,041					$	2,282					$	1,987,331					$	149,018					$	2,461,372					$	151,300
As of December 31, 2025
U.S. Treasuries			$	25,372					$	3					$	110,899					$	3,750					$	136,271					$	3,753
U.S. Government Agencies & GSEs			49,487						167						211,151						9,708						260,638						9,875
State and political subdivisions			25						1						153,857						10,234						153,882						10,235
Residential MBS, Agency & GSEs			60,042						61						841,090						79,575						901,132						79,636
Residential MBS, Non-Agency			11,458						39						247,997						12,982						259,455						13,021
Commercial MBS, Agency & GSEs			13,138						46						356,038						24,851						369,176						24,897
Commercial MBS, Non-Agency			—						—						7,770						87						7,770						87
Corporate bonds			—						—						134,731						5,886						134,731						5,886
Asset-backed securities			81,248						408						58,594						533						139,842						941
Total			$	240,770					$	725					$	2,122,127					$	147,606					$	2,362,897					$	148,331

 

At March 31, 2026, there were 487 AFS debt securities and 286 HTM debt securities that were in an unrealized loss position. United does not intend to sell nor does it believe it will be required to sell securities in an unrealized loss position prior to the recovery of their amortized cost basis. Unrealized losses at March 31, 2026 were primarily attributable to changes in interest rates.

At March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, the majority of HTM securities were considered to have a zero loss assumption for ACL purposes. For the remaining HTM securities, primarily those issued by state and political subdivisions, calculated credit losses, and, thus, the related ACL were de minimis due to the high credit quality of the portfolio. As a result, no ACL was recorded on the HTM portfolio at March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025. In addition, based on the assessments performed at March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, there was no ACL required related to the AFS portfolio.

The following table presents accrued interest receivable on HTM and AFS debt securities, which was excluded from the estimate of credit losses, for the periods indicated.

						Accrued Interest Receivable
			(in thousands)			March 31, 2026						December 31, 2025
			HTM			$	5,155					$	5,486
			AFS			15,594						16,413

12

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UNITED COMMUNITY BANKS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

The amortized cost and fair value of AFS and HTM debt securities at March 31, 2026, by contractual maturity, are presented in the following table.

			AFS												HTM
(in thousands)			Amortized Cost						Fair Value						Amortized Cost						Fair Value
Within 1 year:
U.S. Treasuries			$	240,109					$	239,372					$	—					$	—
U.S. Government Agencies & GSEs			27,145						26,695						—						—
State and political subdivisions			5,389						5,366						—						—
Corporate bonds			41,471						40,959						—						—
			314,114						312,392						—						—
1 to 5 years:
U.S. Treasuries			236,446						233,524						19,935						19,018
U.S. Government Agencies & GSEs			45,309						40,914						44,958						41,638
State and political subdivisions			47,822						44,202						35,191						33,557
Corporate bonds			87,658						83,119						—						—
Supranational entities			—						—						15,000						13,143
			417,235						401,759						115,084						107,356
5 to 10 years:
U.S. Government Agencies & GSEs			151,856						148,744						40,864						34,106
State and political subdivisions			66,905						61,561						85,833						74,770
Corporate bonds			10,912						10,008						—						—
			229,673						220,313						126,697						108,876
More than 10 years:
U.S. Government Agencies & GSEs			66,020						64,455						12,500						11,154
State and political subdivisions			40,277						39,112						160,791						128,261
			106,297						103,567						173,291						139,415
Debt securities not due at a single maturity date:
Asset-backed securities			262,559						261,504						—						—
Residential MBS			1,686,271						1,597,141						1,161,317						990,590
Commercial MBS			699,352						677,870						635,134						532,177
			2,648,182						2,536,515						1,796,451						1,522,767
Total			$	3,715,501					$	3,574,546					$	2,211,523					$	1,878,414

Expected maturities may differ from contractual maturities because issuers and borrowers may have the right to call or prepay obligations.

Realized gains and losses are derived using the specific identification method for determining the cost of securities sold. The following table summarizes AFS securities sales activity for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025.

												Three Months Ended March 31,
			(in thousands)															2026						2025
			Proceeds from sales															$	25,030					$	53,476
			Gross realized gains															$	193					$	6
			Gross realized losses															(60)						—
			Securities gains, net															$	133					$	6
			Income tax expense attributable to sales															$	28					$	2

In addition, during the first quarter of 2026, United recognized $1.07 million in net losses on trading securities, of which $792,000 related to trading securities held at March 31, 2026.

13

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UNITED COMMUNITY BANKS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

Equity Investments

The table below reflects the carrying value of certain equity investments, which are included in other assets on the consolidated balance sheet, as of the dates indicated.

			(in thousands)			March 31, 2026						December 31, 2025
			Federal Reserve stock			$	89,979					$	89,979
			FHLB stock			18,000						18,049
			Equity securities with readily determinable fair values			1,124						2,481

Note 3 – Loans and Leases and Allowance for Credit Losses

 

Major classifications of the loan and lease portfolio (collectively referred to as the “loan portfolio” or “loans”) are summarized as of the dates indicated as follows.

			(in thousands)			March 31, 2026						December 31, 2025
			Owner occupied CRE			$	4,040,518					$	3,949,898
			Income producing CRE			4,983,718						5,032,342
			Commercial & industrial			2,770,924						2,696,291
			Commercial construction & land			1,072,140						997,802
			Equipment financing			1,896,828						1,847,999
			Total commercial			14,764,128						14,524,332
			Residential mortgage			3,122,361						3,157,017
			Home equity			1,343,785						1,319,474
			Residential construction & land			185,353						190,625
			Consumer			186,891						187,536
			Total loans, excluding fair value hedge basis adjustment			19,602,518						19,378,984
			Fair value hedge basis adjustment			(877)						5,333
			Total loans			19,601,641						19,384,317
			Less ACL - loans			(208,396)						(210,429)
			Loans, net			$	19,393,245					$	19,173,888

Accrued interest receivable related to loans totaled $58.4 million and $60.4 million at March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively, and was reported in other assets on the consolidated balance sheets. Accrued interest receivable was excluded from the estimate of credit losses.

At March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, the loan portfolio included certain loans specifically pledged to the Federal Reserve as well as loans covered by a blanket lien on qualifying loan types with the FHLB to secure contingent funding sources.

The following table presents the amortized cost of certain loans held for investment that were sold in the periods indicated. The net gains or losses on these loan sales were included in noninterest income on the consolidated statements of income.

															Three Months Ended March 31,
						(in thousands)															2026						2025
						Guaranteed portion of SBA/USDA loans															$	26,300					$	21,949
						Equipment financing receivables															8,323						4,162
						Total															$	34,623					$	26,111

  

14

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UNITED COMMUNITY BANKS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

Past Due and Nonaccrual Loans

The following table presents the aging of the amortized cost basis in loans by aging category and accrual status as of the dates indicated. Past due status is based on contractual terms of the loan. The accrual of interest is generally discontinued when a loan becomes 90 days past due.

						Accruing
						Current Loans						Loans Past Due
(in thousands)												30 - 59 Days						60 - 89 Days						> 90 Days																		Nonaccrual Loans						Total Loans
As of March 31, 2026
Owner occupied CRE						$	4,021,346					$	907					$	—					$	—																	$	18,265					$	4,040,518
Income producing CRE						4,971,077						1,602						2						—																		11,037						4,983,718
Commercial & industrial						2,747,868						2,226						940						—																		19,890						2,770,924
Commercial construction & land						1,071,212						911						—						—																		17						1,072,140
Equipment financing						1,880,042						5,243						3,519						—																		8,024						1,896,828
Total commercial						14,691,545						10,889						4,461						—																		57,233						14,764,128
Residential mortgage						3,082,510						7,633						312						—																		31,906						3,122,361
Home equity						1,334,354						3,112						110						—																		6,209						1,343,785
Residential construction & land						184,988						10						—						—																		355						185,353
Consumer						185,387						312						183						—																		1,009						186,891
Total loans						$	19,478,784					$	21,956					$	5,066					$	—																	$	96,712					$	19,602,518
As of December 31, 2025
Owner occupied CRE						$	3,932,261					$	4,917					$	1,555					$	—																	$	11,165					$	3,949,898
Income producing CRE						5,019,437						916						501						—																		11,488						5,032,342
Commercial & industrial						2,664,068						6,365						7,564						—																		18,294						2,696,291
Commercial construction & land						997,772						12						—						—																		18						997,802
Equipment financing						1,826,790						6,637						4,189						—																		10,383						1,847,999
Total commercial						14,440,328						18,847						13,809						—																		51,348						14,524,332
Residential mortgage						3,118,540						5,286						768						—																		32,423						3,157,017
Home equity						1,310,017						3,055						1,155						—																		5,247						1,319,474
Residential construction & land						189,506						40						—						—																		1,079						190,625
Consumer						185,814						569						152						—																		1,001						187,536
Total loans						$	19,244,205					$	27,797					$	15,884					$	—																	$	91,098					$	19,378,984

The following table presents nonaccrual loans held for investment by loan class for the periods indicated.

									Nonaccrual Loans
									March 31, 2026																		December 31, 2025
			(in thousands)						With no allowance						With an allowance						Total						With no allowance						With an allowance						Total
			Owner occupied CRE						$	11,730					$	6,535					$	18,265					$	7,627					$	3,538					$	11,165
			Income producing CRE						8,157						2,880						11,037						8,335						3,153						11,488
			Commercial & industrial						13,452						6,438						19,890						7,965						10,329						18,294
			Commercial construction & land						—						17						17						—						18						18
			Equipment financing						78						7,946						8,024						71						10,312						10,383
			Total commercial						33,417						23,816						57,233						23,998						27,350						51,348
			Residential mortgage						5,077						26,829						31,906						4,861						27,562						32,423
			Home equity						858						5,351						6,209						218						5,029						5,247
			Residential construction & land						—						355						355						701						378						1,079
			Consumer						—						1,009						1,009						—						1,001						1,001
			Total						$	39,352					$	57,360					$	96,712					$	29,778					$	61,320					$	91,098

At March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, United had $49.3 million and $41.5 million, respectively, in loans for which repayment is expected to be provided substantially through the operation or sale of the collateral. Estimated credit losses for these loans are based on the net realizable value of the collateral relative to the amortized cost of the loan. The majority of these loans are CRE and commercial and industrial loans.

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UNITED COMMUNITY BANKS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

Lease Receivables

The equipment financing portfolio includes sales-type and direct financing lease receivables. The following table presents the components of the net investment in these lease receivables as of the dates indicated.

			(in thousands)			March 31, 2026						December 31, 2025
			Minimum future lease payments receivable			$	124,962					$	117,209
			Estimated residual value of leased equipment			7,995						7,659
			Initial direct costs			2,619						2,410
			Security deposits			(513)						(496)
			Unearned income			(19,706)						(18,411)
			Net investment in leases			$	115,357					$	108,371

Minimum future lease payments expected to be received from equipment financing lease contracts as of March 31, 2026 were as follows: 

			(in thousands)
			Year
			Remainder of 2026			$	33,664
			2027			38,455
			2028			28,126
			2029			17,091
			2030			6,871
			Thereafter			755
			Total			$	124,962

Credit Quality Indicators

United utilizes internal risk ratings as the primary credit quality indicator as outlined below:

Commercial Purpose Loans. United analyzes commercial loans individually on an ongoing basis based on relevant information about the ability of borrowers to service their debt such as current financial information, historical payment experience, public information, and current industry and economic trends, among other factors. Commercial loans are categorized by the credit risk ratings of Pass, Special Mention, Substandard and Doubtful. Special Mention, Substandard and Doubtful ratings are defined by regulatory authorities and represent an elevated level of risk due to weaknesses identified related to the credit and/or borrower. Ratings within these categories are based on the severity of the weakness and the likelihood of repayment. Pass loans are considered to have a low probability of default and do not meet the criteria of the other ratings.

Consumer Purpose Loans. United applies a pass/fail grading system to all consumer purpose loans. Under this system, loans generally classified as “fail” are those that are on nonaccrual status, are 90 or more days past due, or meet certain bankruptcy status criteria. All other loans are classified as “pass”. For reporting purposes, loans in these categories that are classified as “fail” are reported as substandard and all other loans are reported as pass.

16

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UNITED COMMUNITY BANKS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

The following tables present the risk category of term loans and gross charge-offs by vintage year, which is the year of origination or most recent renewal, as of the date indicated.

(in thousands)						Term Loans by Origination Year																																				Revolvers						Revolvers converted to term loans						Total
As of March 31, 2026						2026						2025						2024						2023						2022						Prior
Owner occupied CRE
Pass						$	221,464					$	875,007					$	447,253					$	454,560					$	565,839					$	1,175,534					$	118,142					$	22,121					$	3,879,920
Special Mention						—						3,051						6,917						9,579						23,748						26,176						2,751						226						72,448
Substandard						—						3,149						8,210						20,352						33,211						22,263						965						—						88,150
Total owner occupied CRE						$	221,464					$	881,207					$	462,380					$	484,491					$	622,798					$	1,223,973					$	121,858					$	22,347					$	4,040,518
Current period gross charge-offs						$	—					$	370					$	—					$	368					$	—					$	—					$	—					$	—					$	738
Income producing CRE
Pass						$	261,516					$	928,560					$	399,823					$	472,377					$	1,027,589					$	1,534,758					$	59,140					$	14,965					$	4,698,728
Special Mention						19,804						14,340						1,691						2,171						107,368						19,305						—						109						164,788
Substandard						12,211						9,516						26,154						22,336						11,163						37,328						1,494						—						120,202
Total income producing CRE						$	293,531					$	952,416					$	427,668					$	496,884					$	1,146,120					$	1,591,391					$	60,634					$	15,074					$	4,983,718
Current period gross charge-offs						$	—					$	—					$	—					$	—					$	—					$	—					$	—					$	—					$	—
Commercial & industrial
Pass						$	121,091					$	652,912					$	296,411					$	256,594					$	167,754					$	349,535					$	761,716					$	9,151					$	2,615,164
Special Mention						116						3,238						5,276						21,353						14,958						7,325						12,785						595						65,646
Substandard						449						7,219						16,412						33,143						5,543						10,286						11,416						5,646						90,114
Total commercial & industrial						$	121,656					$	663,369					$	318,099					$	311,090					$	188,255					$	367,146					$	785,917					$	15,392					$	2,770,924
Current period gross charge-offs						$	—					$	597					$	—					$	922					$	878					$	600					$	—					$	907					$	3,904
Commercial construction & land
Pass						$	132,250					$	559,324					$	227,494					$	24,444					$	43,068					$	14,567					$	59,036					$	1,230					$	1,061,413
Special Mention						—						5,081						139						—						—						1,653						—						—						6,873
Substandard						—						1,121						—						374						252						2,107						—						—						3,854
Total commercial construction & land						$	132,250					$	565,526					$	227,633					$	24,818					$	43,320					$	18,327					$	59,036					$	1,230					$	1,072,140
Current period gross charge-offs						$	—					$	—					$	—					$	—					$	25					$	—					$	—					$	—					$	25
Equipment financing
Pass						$	240,558					$	732,954					$	438,174					$	263,174					$	156,338					$	48,692					$	—					$	—					$	1,879,890
Special Mention						—						—						4,067						2,619						904						131						—						—						7,721
Substandard						—						1,446						2,638						1,987						2,575						571						—						—						9,217
Total equipment financing						$	240,558					$	734,400					$	444,879					$	267,780					$	159,817					$	49,394					$	—					$	—					$	1,896,828
Current period gross charge-offs						$	—					$	562					$	1,865					$	1,834					$	2,391					$	527					$	—					$	—					$	7,179
Residential mortgage
Pass						$	46,457					$	200,087					$	116,235					$	293,120					$	898,882					$	1,527,839					$	—					$	2,511					$	3,085,131
Substandard						—						638						3,503						7,222						11,200						14,592						—						75						37,230
Total residential mortgage						$	46,457					$	200,725					$	119,738					$	300,342					$	910,082					$	1,542,431					$	—					$	2,586					$	3,122,361
Current period gross charge-offs						$	—					$	58					$	—					$	91					$	35					$	—					$	—					$	—					$	184
Home equity
Pass						$	—					$	—					$	—					$	—					$	—					$	—					$	1,299,028					$	38,031					$	1,337,059
Substandard						—						—						—						—						—						—						—						6,726						6,726
Total home equity						$	—					$	—					$	—					$	—					$	—					$	—					$	1,299,028					$	44,757					$	1,343,785
Current period gross charge-offs						$	—					$	—					$	—					$	—					$	—					$	—					$	—					$	—					$	—
Residential construction & land
Pass						$	11,053					$	123,817					$	31,597					$	6,234					$	4,541					$	7,665					$	—					$	85					$	184,992
Substandard						—						—						80						172						14						95						—						—						361
Total residential construction & land						$	11,053					$	123,817					$	31,677					$	6,406					$	4,555					$	7,760					$	—					$	85					$	185,353
Current period gross charge-offs						$	—					$	—					$	37					$	—					$	—					$	—					$	—					$	—					$	37
Consumer
Pass						$	26,360					$	70,396					$	35,252					$	18,759					$	10,384					$	2,894					$	21,451					$	143					$	185,639
Substandard						—						87						247						485						147						286						—						—						1,252
Total consumer						$	26,360					$	70,483					$	35,499					$	19,244					$	10,531					$	3,180					$	21,451					$	143					$	186,891
Current period gross charge-offs						$	638					$	67					$	39					$	68					$	8											$	—					$	13					$	833

17

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UNITED COMMUNITY BANKS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

(in thousands)						Term Loans by Origination Year																																				Revolvers						Revolvers converted to term loans						Total
As of December 31, 2025						2025						2024						2023						2022						2021						Prior
Owner occupied CRE
Pass						$	882,017					$	459,608					$	468,682					$	587,671					$	505,329					$	733,146					$	122,462					$	22,745					$	3,781,660
Special Mention						1,721						1,341						14,369						24,247						18,972						7,656						4,176						228						72,710
Substandard						3,157						8,412						20,122						31,791						6,709						22,454						2,883						—						95,528
Total owner occupied CRE						$	886,895					$	469,361					$	503,173					$	643,709					$	531,010					$	763,256					$	129,521					$	22,973					$	3,949,898
Current period gross charge-offs						$	—					$	185					$	1,905					$	2,162					$	—					$	942					$	—					$	—					$	5,194
Income producing CRE
Pass						$	916,381					$	430,561					$	541,924					$	1,107,955					$	812,859					$	863,815					$	62,677					$	12,714					$	4,748,886
Special Mention						13,726						14,176						2,144						123,531						7,769						6,341						—						109						167,796
Substandard						9,652						26,439						22,478						1,199						16,954						36,816						2,122						—						115,660
Total income producing CRE						$	939,759					$	471,176					$	566,546					$	1,232,685					$	837,582					$	906,972					$	64,799					$	12,823					$	5,032,342
Current period gross charge-offs						$	—					$	—					$	—					$	1,970					$	—					$	—					$	—					$	—					$	1,970
Commercial & industrial
Pass						$	668,959					$	357,553					$	279,488					$	178,064					$	149,382					$	225,469					$	675,062					$	9,342					$	2,543,319
Special Mention						3,364						18,886						21,622						18,235						1,353						3,387						8,537						448						75,832
Substandard						7,719						2,849						36,127						6,330						4,289						7,506						11,104						1,216						77,140
Total commercial & industrial						$	680,042					$	379,288					$	337,237					$	202,629					$	155,024					$	236,362					$	694,703					$	11,006					$	2,696,291
Current period gross charge-offs						$	46					$	1,197					$	10,327					$	1,506					$	218					$	408					$	—					$	2,240					$	15,942
Commercial construction & land
Pass						$	562,952					$	236,154					$	63,716					$	20,804					$	9,230					$	11,002					$	54,745					$	1,039					$	959,642
Special Mention						4,352						743						—						28,159						1,550						—						—						—						34,804
Substandard						225						388						381						255						18						2,089						—						—						3,356
Total commercial construction & land						$	567,529					$	237,285					$	64,097					$	49,218					$	10,798					$	13,091					$	54,745					$	1,039					$	997,802
Current period gross charge-offs						$	—					$	2,020					$	—					$	—					$	130					$	—					$	—					$	—					$	2,150
Equipment financing
Pass						$	792,800					$	487,499					$	300,427					$	186,094					$	49,410					$	16,468					$	—					$	—					$	1,832,698
Special Mention						—						2,061						—						994						227						—						—						—						3,282
Substandard						1,081						3,090						3,035						3,731						730						352						—						—						12,019
Total equipment financing						$	793,881					$	492,650					$	303,462					$	190,819					$	50,367					$	16,820					$	—					$	—					$	1,847,999
Current period gross charge-offs						$	504					$	3,831					$	7,681					$	10,018					$	2,255					$	668					$	—					$	—					$	24,957
Residential mortgage
Pass						$	199,825					$	116,567					$	308,491					$	921,713					$	910,553					$	661,298					$	—					$	2,612					$	3,121,059
Substandard						310						2,619						7,470						11,604						3,274						10,604						—						77						35,958
Total residential mortgage						$	200,135					$	119,186					$	315,961					$	933,317					$	913,827					$	671,902					$	—					$	2,689					$	3,157,017
Current period gross charge-offs						$	—					$	4					$	560					$	76					$	—					$	—					$	—					$	6					$	646
Home equity
Pass						$	—					$	—					$	—					$	—					$	—					$	—					$	1,277,604					$	36,074					$	1,313,678
Substandard						—						—						—						—						—						—						—						5,796						5,796
Total home equity						$	—					$	—					$	—					$	—					$	—					$	—					$	1,277,604					$	41,870					$	1,319,474
Current period gross charge-offs						$	—					$	—					$	—					$	—					$	—					$	—					$	—					$	170					$	170
Residential construction & land
Pass						$	110,016					$	50,363					$	9,612					$	9,156					$	3,637					$	6,676					$	—					$	86					$	189,546
Substandard						—						80						879						15						64						41						—						—						1,079
Total residential construction & land						$	110,016					$	50,443					$	10,491					$	9,171					$	3,701					$	6,717					$	—					$	86					$	190,625
Current period gross charge-offs						$	—					$	—					$	118					$	124					$	—					$	47					$	—					$	—					$	289
Consumer
Pass						$	85,779					$	41,201					$	22,689					$	12,571					$	2,911					$	705					$	20,522					$	122					$	186,500
Substandard						7						161						483						164						45						176						—						—						1,036
Total consumer						$	85,786					$	41,362					$	23,172					$	12,735					$	2,956					$	881					$	20,522					$	122					$	187,536
Current period gross charge-offs						$	3,331					$	533					$	232					$	94					$	88					$	37					$	—					$	154					$	4,469

18

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UNITED COMMUNITY BANKS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

Modifications to Borrowers Experiencing Financial Difficulty

The period-end amortized cost and additional information regarding loans modified under the terms of a FDM during the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025 are presented in the following tables.

Three Months Ended March 31, 2026
						Amortized Cost of New FDMs by Type of Modification
(in thousands)						Extension						Payment Delay						Rate Reduction & Payment Delay						Rate Reduction						Payment Delay & Extension						Rate Reduction, Payment Delay & Extension						Total						% of Total Class of Receivable						FDMs defaulted within 12 months of modification
Owner occupied CRE						$	—					$	462					$	—					$	—					$	—					$	—					$	462					—		%				$	—
Commercial & industrial						41						3,501						—						—						—						—						3,542						0.1						—
Equipment financing						—						—						—						—						6,276						—						6,276						0.3						861
Residential mortgage						—						—						512						647						—						1,144						2,303						0.1						285
Home equity						—						—						—						67						—						—						67						—						—
Total						$	41					$	3,963					$	512					$	714					$	6,276					$	1,144					$	12,650					0.1						$	1,146

Three Months Ended March 31, 2025
												Amortized Cost of New FDMs by Type of Modification
(in thousands)												Payment Delay						Rate Reduction						Rate Reduction & Extension						Payment Delay & Extension						Principal Forgiveness						Total						% of Total Class of Receivable						FDMs defaulted within 12 months of modification
Owner occupied CRE												$	1,472					$	—					$	—					$	—					$	—					$	1,472					—		%				$	—
Commercial & industrial												—						—						—						—						694						694						—						—
Equipment financing												—						—						—						4,917						—						4,917						0.3						7
Residential mortgage												—						166						1,514						—						—						1,680						0.1						267
Home equity												—						72						—						—						—						72						—						—
Total												$	1,472					$	238					$	1,514					$	4,917					$	694					$	8,835					—						$	274

The following table presents the aging category and accrual status of loans modified under the terms of a FDM during the previous 12 months on an amortized cost basis as of the dates indicated.

			Accruing
									Loans Past Due
(in thousands)			Current						30 - 59 Days						60 - 89 Days						> 90 Days						Nonaccrual						Total
As of March 31, 2026
Owner occupied CRE			$	—					$	—					$	—					$	—					$	462					$	462
Commercial & industrial			3,697						76						—						—						61						3,834
Equipment financing			12,929						163						285						—						1,312						14,689
Residential mortgage			1,721						—						—						—						3,905						5,626
Home equity			85						—						—						—						761						846
Consumer			—						—						—						—						94						94
Total			$	18,432					$	239					$	285					$	—					$	6,595					$	25,551
As of March 31, 2025
Owner occupied CRE			$	2,601					$	—					$	—					$	—					$	268					$	2,869
Income producing CRE			12,239						—						—						—						8,154						20,393
Commercial & industrial			3,548						366						—						—						828						4,742
Equipment financing			9,167						517						228						—						789						10,701
Residential mortgage			2,948						—						—						—						1,922						4,870
Home equity			—						—						—						—						72						72
Consumer			95						—						—						—						81						176
Total			$	30,598					$	883					$	228					$	—					$	12,114					$	43,823

19

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UNITED COMMUNITY BANKS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

Allowance for Credit Losses

The ACL for loans represents management’s estimate of life of loan credit losses in the portfolio as of the end of the period. The ACL related to unfunded commitments is included in other liabilities in the consolidated balance sheet.

For all periods presented, United used a one-year reasonable and supportable forecast period. Expected credit losses were estimated using a regression model for each segment based on historical data from peer banks combined with a baseline economic forecast to predict the change in credit losses. These estimates were then combined with a starting value that was based on United’s recent charge-off experience to produce an expected default rate, with the results subject to a floor.

At March 31, 2026, the baseline economic forecast had improved relative to the forecast at December 31, 2025, particularly in the expected unemployment rate, which is a key assumption in our ACL model. The March forecast came out shortly after the Iran conflict began and predicted a short duration to the conflict. At March 31, 2026, United applied qualitative adjustments to increase the model’s calculated ACL for the income producing CRE, commercial & industrial, multifamily, commercial construction, residential mortgage and home equity portfolios. These qualitative adjustments were applied to better reflect management’s expectations of future performance and maintain directional consistency with internal credit measures, as well as the possibility of increased uncertainty in the economic forecast due to geopolitical risks and any resulting downstream impacts.

For periods beyond the reasonable and supportable forecast period of one year, United reverted to historical credit loss information on a straight line basis over two years. For most collateral types, United reverted to through-the-cycle average default rates using peer data. For loans secured by residential mortgages, the peer data was adjusted for changes in lending practices designed to mitigate the magnitude of losses observed during the 2008 financial crisis.

The following table presents the balance and activity in the ACL by portfolio segment for the periods indicated.

						Three Months Ended March 31, 2026
(in thousands)						Beginning Balance												Charge-Offs						Recoveries						Provision						Ending Balance
Owner occupied CRE						$	24,888											$	(738)					$	72					$	905					$	25,127
Income producing CRE						44,071												—						85						(2,798)						41,358
Commercial & industrial						43,269												(3,904)						595						3,736						43,696
Commercial construction & land						8,286												(25)						19						1,918						10,198
Equipment financing						45,852												(7,179)						1,344						2,845						42,862
Residential mortgage						29,241												(184)						51						225						29,333
Home equity						11,849												—						54						866						12,769
Residential construction & land						1,799												(37)						25						113						1,900
Consumer						1,174												(833)						278						534						1,153
ACL - loans						210,429												(12,900)						2,523						8,344						208,396
ACL - unfunded commitments						15,091												—						—						2,509						17,600
Total ACL						$	225,520											$	(12,900)					$	2,523					$	10,853					$	225,996

						Three Months Ended March 31, 2025
(in thousands)						Beginning Balance												Charge-Offs						Recoveries						Provision						Ending Balance
Owner occupied CRE						$	19,873											$	(271)					$	145					$	1,758					$	21,505
Income producing CRE						41,427												(1,020)						302						5,108						45,817
Commercial & industrial						35,441												(3,362)						915						4,710						37,704
Commercial construction & land						16,370												—						138						217						16,725
Equipment financing						47,415												(5,937)						895						5,227						47,600
Residential mortgage						32,259												(49)						50						(2,581)						29,679
Home equity						11,247												—						62						(1,012)						10,297
Residential construction & land						1,672												(226)						7						169						1,622
Manufactured housing						450												—						—						(450)						—
Consumer						844												(1,514)						258						1,437						1,025
ACL - loans						206,998												(12,379)						2,772						14,583						211,974
ACL - unfunded commitments						10,391												—						—						836						11,227
Total ACL						$	217,389											$	(12,379)					$	2,772					$	15,419					$	223,201

20

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UNITED COMMUNITY BANKS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

Note 4 – Derivatives and Hedging Activities

The table below presents the fair value of derivative financial instruments, which are included in other assets and other liabilities on the consolidated balance sheet, as of the dates indicated.

			March 31, 2026																		December 31, 2025
			Notional Amount						Fair Value												Notional Amount						Fair Value
(in thousands)									Derivative Asset						Derivative Liability												Derivative Asset						Derivative Liability
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments:
Cash flow hedge of subordinated debt			$	—					$	—					$	—					$	100,000					$	6,288					$	—
Cash flow hedges of trust preferred securities			20,000						—						—						20,000						—						—
Fair value hedges of AFS debt securities			776,521						—						—						785,009						—						—
Fair value hedges of loans			775,000						—						—						1,900,000						—						—
Total			1,571,521						—						—						2,805,009						6,288						—
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments:
Customer derivative positions			1,607,598						6,909						33,586						1,541,391						11,457						32,841
Dealer offsets to customer derivative positions			1,607,598						9,962						6,938						1,541,391						9,478						11,441
Risk participations			127,723						17						126						103,668						—						108
Mortgage banking - loan commitments			84,989						1,547						3						41,125						1,027						—
Mortgage banking - forward sales commitment			138,214						990						76						94,219						8						225
Bifurcated embedded derivatives			51,935						7,465						—						51,935						7,055						—
Dealer offsets to bifurcated embedded derivatives			51,935						—						8,746						51,935						—						8,382
Total			3,669,992						26,890						49,475						3,425,664						29,025						52,997
Total derivatives			$	5,241,513					$	26,890					$	49,475					$	6,230,673					$	35,313					$	52,997
Total gross derivative instruments									$	26,890					$	49,475											$	35,313					$	52,997
Less: Amounts subject to master netting agreements									(4,956)						(4,956)												(7,917)						(7,917)
Less: Cash collateral received/pledged									(6,275)						(10,042)												(8,305)						(12,156)
Net amount									$	15,659					$	34,477											$	19,091					$	32,924

United clears certain derivatives centrally through the CME. CME rules legally characterize variation margin payments for centrally cleared derivatives as settlements of the derivatives’ exposure rather than as collateral. As a result, the variation margin payment and the related derivative instruments are considered a single unit of account for accounting purposes. Variation margin, as determined by the CME, is settled daily. As a result, derivative contracts that clear through the CME have an estimated fair value of zero.

Hedging Derivatives

Cash Flow Hedges of Interest Rate Risk 

During the periods covered by this Report, United utilized interest rate caps and swaps to hedge the variability of cash flows due to changes in interest rates on certain of its variable-rate subordinated debt and trust preferred securities. Gains and losses related to changes in fair value of the hedges are reclassified into earnings in the periods the hedged forecasted transactions occur. Over the next twelve months, United expects to reclassify $632,000 of gains from AOCI into earnings related to its interest rate swap agreements.

During the first quarter of 2026, United terminated the interest rate cap that had been designated as a hedge of its subordinated debt, after providing redemption notice on the subordinated debt during the period, which rendered the future cash flows no longer probable of occurring.

Fair Value Hedges of Interest Rate Risk 

United uses interest rate derivatives to manage its exposure to changes in fair value attributable to changes in interest rates on certain of its fixed-rate financial instruments.

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UNITED COMMUNITY BANKS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

The table below presents the effect of derivatives in hedging relationships, all of which are interest rate contracts, on earnings for the periods indicated.

						Affected Income Statement Line Item Increase/(Decrease) to Earnings												Three Months Ended March 31,
(in thousands)																								2026						2025
Fair value hedges:
AFS securities:
Amounts related to interest settlements on derivatives																								$	101					$	1,341
Gain (loss) recognized on derivative																								3,906						(8,304)
(Loss) gain recognized on hedged items																								(3,796)						8,407
Net income recognized on AFS securities fair value hedges						Interest revenue - securities																		$	211					$	1,444
Loans:
Amounts related to interest settlements on derivatives																								$	(2,332)					$	(560)
Gain (loss) recognized on derivatives																								6,527						(2,008)
(Loss) gain recognized on hedged items																								(6,210)						2,195
Net loss recognized on loan fair value hedges						Interest revenue - loans, including fees																		$	(2,015)					$	(373)
Cash flow hedges:
Long-term debt
Amounts related to interest settlements on derivatives (1)						Interest expense- long term debt																		$	784					$	1,121
Gain on termination of hedge of subordinated debt						Other noninterest income																		5,184						—
Net income recognized on cash flow hedges																								$	5,968					$	1,121

 (1) Includes premium amortization expense excluded from the assessment of hedge effectiveness of $97,000 and $116,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, respectively.

The table below presents the carrying amount of hedged items and cumulative fair value hedging basis adjustments for the periods presented. All fair value hedges of AFS debt securities and loans at March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025 were designated under the portfolio layer method.

(in thousands)						March 31, 2026																		December 31, 2025
Balance Sheet Location						Carrying Amount						Hedge Accounting Basis Adjustment						Hedged Portfolio Layer						Carrying Amount						Hedge Accounting Basis Adjustment						Hedged Portfolio Layer
Debt securities AFS (1)						$	958,216					$	483					$	776,521					$	971,854					$	4,279					$	785,009
Loans and leases held for investment						3,427,549						(877)						775,000						3,556,859						5,333						1,900,000

(1) Carrying amount for AFS debt securities reflects amortized cost, which excludes the hedge accounting basis adjustment.

Derivatives Not Designated as Hedging Instruments 

Customer derivative positions include swaps, caps, and collars between United and certain commercial loan customers with offsetting positions to dealers under a back-to-back program. In addition, United occasionally enters into credit risk participation agreements with counterparty banks to accept or transfer a portion of the credit risk related to interest rate swaps.

United also has three interest rate swap contracts that are economic hedges of market-linked brokered certificates of deposit, which contain embedded derivatives that are bifurcated from the host instruments. The fair value marks on the swaps and the bifurcated embedded derivatives tend to move in opposite directions and therefore provide an economic hedge.

  

In addition, in connection with residential mortgage loans that are originated with the intention of selling them, United enters into commitments to originate residential mortgage loans and forward loan sales commitments.

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UNITED COMMUNITY BANKS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

The table below presents the gains and losses recognized in income on derivatives not designated as hedging instruments for the periods indicated.

						Location of Gain (Loss) Recognized in Income on Derivatives															Amount of Gain (Loss) Recognized in Income on Derivatives
																		Three Months Ended March 31,
(in thousands)																								2026						2025
Customer derivatives and dealer offsets						Other noninterest income																		$	1,183					$	944
Bifurcated embedded derivatives and dealer offsets						Other noninterest income																		2						6
Mortgage banking derivatives						Mortgage loan gains and other related fees																		1,389						410
Risk participations						Other noninterest income																		14						194
																								$	2,588					$	1,554

 

Credit-Risk-Related Contingent Features 

United manages its credit exposure on derivatives transactions by entering into a bilateral credit support agreement with each non-customer counterparty. The credit support agreements require collateralization of exposures beyond specified minimum threshold amounts. The details of these agreements, including the minimum thresholds, vary by counterparty.

 

United’s agreements with each of its derivative counterparties provide that if either party defaults on any of its indebtedness, then it could also be declared in default on its derivative obligations. The agreements with derivative counterparties also include provisions that if not met, could result in United being declared in default. United has agreements with certain of its derivative counterparties that provide that if United fails to maintain its status as a well-capitalized institution or is subject to a prompt corrective action directive, the counterparty could terminate the derivative positions and United would be required to settle its obligations under the agreements. Derivatives that are centrally cleared do not have credit-risk-related features that would require additional collateral if United’s credit rating were downgraded.

Note 5 – Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value

Accounting standards define fair value as the price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability in the principal or most advantageous market available to the entity in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. Fair values are categorized within a three-level measurement hierarchy:

Level 1 Valuation is based upon quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that United has the ability to access.

Level 2 Valuation is based upon quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets, as well as inputs that are observable for the asset or liability (other than quoted prices), such as interest rates, foreign exchange rates, and yield curves that are observable at commonly quoted intervals.

Level 3 Valuation is generated from model-based techniques that use at least one significant assumption based on unobservable inputs for the asset or liability, which are typically based on an entity’s own assumptions, as there is little, if any, related market activity.

United has processes in place to review the significant valuation inputs and to assesses on a quarterly basis how instruments are classified within the valuation framework. Transfers into or out of fair value hierarchy levels are made as the observability of input assumptions change. During the three months ended March 31, 2026, there were no changes to valuation approaches or techniques that warranted a hierarchy level change.

23

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UNITED COMMUNITY BANKS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis

The table below presents United’s assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of the dates indicated, aggregated by the level in the fair value hierarchy within which those measurements fall.

(in thousands)
March 31, 2026						Level 1						Level 2						Level 3						Total
Assets:
Trading securities:
U.S. Treasuries						$	103,384					$	—					$	—					$	103,384
AFS debt securities:
U.S. Treasuries						472,896						—						—						472,896
U.S. Government agencies & GSEs						—						280,808						—						280,808
State and political subdivisions						—						150,241						—						150,241
Residential MBS						—						1,597,141						—						1,597,141
Commercial MBS						—						677,870						—						677,870
Corporate bonds						—						133,592						494						134,086
Asset-backed securities						—						261,504						—						261,504
Equity securities						—						1,124						—						1,124
Mortgage loans held for sale						—						41,357						—						41,357
Mutual funds and other investments						15,535						170						—						15,705
Servicing rights for SBA/USDA loans						—						—						4,946						4,946
Residential mortgage servicing rights						—						—						43,160						43,160
Contingent consideration receivable						—						—						7,195						7,195
Derivative financial instruments						—						17,861						9,029						26,890
Total assets						$	591,815					$	3,161,668					$	64,824					$	3,818,307
Liabilities:
Deferred compensation plan liability						$	15,533					$	170					$	—					$	15,703
Derivative financial instruments						—						40,600						8,875						49,475
Total liabilities						$	15,533					$	40,770					$	8,875					$	65,178

(in thousands)
December 31, 2025						Level 1						Level 2						Level 3						Total
Assets:
AFS debt securities:
U.S. Treasuries						$	493,755					$	—					$	—					$	493,755
U.S. Government agencies & GSEs						—						298,350						—						298,350
State and political subdivisions						—						154,883						—						154,883
Residential MBS						—						1,690,332						—						1,690,332
Commercial MBS						—						692,087						—						692,087
Corporate bonds						—						136,176						492						136,668
Asset-backed securities						—						284,788						—						284,788
Equity securities						—						2,481						—						2,481
Mortgage loans held for sale						—						39,381						—						39,381
Mutual funds and other investments						16,343						140						—						16,483
Servicing rights for SBA/USDA loans						—						—						4,880						4,880
Residential mortgage servicing rights						—						—						41,231						41,231
Contingent consideration receivable						—						—						7,195						7,195
Derivative financial instruments						—						27,231						8,082						35,313
Total assets						$	510,098					$	3,325,849					$	61,880					$	3,897,827
Liabilities:
Deferred compensation plan liability						$	16,345					$	140					$	—					$	16,485
Derivative financial instruments						—						44,507						8,490						52,997
Total liabilities						$	16,345					$	44,647					$	8,490					$	69,482

 

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UNITED COMMUNITY BANKS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

Level 3 Fair Value Measurements

The following table presents quantitative information about significant unobservable inputs related to United’s material categories of Level 3 financial instruments measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of the dates indicated.

Level 3 Assets and Liabilities						Valuation Technique						Significant Unobservable Inputs						March 31, 2026												December 31, 2025
																		Range						Weighted Average						Range						Weighted Average
Residential mortgage servicing rights						Discounted cash flow						Discount rate						9.0% - 12.7%						9.2%						9.5% - 12.5%						9.6%
												Prepayment rate						5.0 - 50.6						7.9						5.5 - 25.3						7.5
Derivative assets - mortgage						Internal model						Pull through rate						75.0 - 100						92.3						60.0 - 100						91.6
Derivative assets and liabilities - other						Dealer priced						Dealer priced						N/A						N/A						N/A						N/A
Contingent consideration receivable						Discounted cash flow						Discount rate						6.7 - 6.7						6.7						6.7 - 6.7						6.7
												Probability of achievement						82.6 - 100						88.2						82.6 - 100						88.2

The table below presents a reconciliation of the beginning and ending balances of Level 3 assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis for the periods indicated.

			2026																																				2025
(in thousands)			Derivative Assets						Derivative Liabilities						SBA/USDA Loan Servicing Rights						Residential Mortgage Servicing Rights						Corporate Bonds						Contingent Consideration Receivable						Derivative Assets						Derivative Liabilities						SBA/USDA Loan Servicing Rights						Residential Mortgage Servicing Rights						Corporate Bonds						Contingent Consideration Receivable
Three Months Ended March 31,
Beginning balance			$	8,082					$	8,490					$	4,880					$	41,231					$	492					$	7,195					$	11,656					$	12,286					$	4,697					$	39,294					$	2,226					$	7,470
Additions			1,568						140						515						1,652						—						—						1,842						321						442						1,052						—						—
Sales and settlements			(921)						—						(204)						(762)						—						—						(605)						—						(137)						(608)						—						(80)
Fair value adjustments included in OCI			—						—						—						—						2						—						—						—						—						—						4						—
Fair value adjustments included in earnings			300						245						(245)						1,039						—						—						(1,574)						(1,782)						(82)						(78)						—						—
Ending balance			$	9,029					$	8,875					$	4,946					$	43,160					$	494					$	7,195					$	11,319					$	10,825					$	4,920					$	39,660					$	2,230					$	7,390

25

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UNITED COMMUNITY BANKS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

Fair Value Option

United records mortgage loans held for sale at fair value under the fair value option. Interest income on these loans is calculated based on the note rate of the loan and is recorded in interest revenue. The following tables present the fair value and outstanding principal balance of loans accounted for under the fair value option, as well as the gain or loss recognized from the change in fair value for the periods indicated.

			Mortgage Loans Held for Sale
			(in thousands)			March 31, 2026						December 31, 2025
			Outstanding principal balance			$	40,683					$	38,187
			Fair value			41,357						39,381

			Gain (Loss) from Change in Fair Value on Mortgage Loans Held for Sale
			Location									Three Months Ended March 31,
			(in thousands)															2026						2025
			Mortgage loan gains and other related fees															$	(520)					$	(179)

Changes in fair value were mostly offset by hedging activities. An immaterial portion of these amounts was attributable to changes in instrument-specific credit risk.

Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Nonrecurring Basis

United may be required, from time to time, to measure certain assets at fair value on a nonrecurring basis. These adjustments to fair value usually result from the application of the lower of the amortized cost or fair value accounting or write-downs of individual assets due to impairment. The following table presents the fair value hierarchy and carrying value of assets that were still held as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, for which a nonrecurring fair value adjustment was recorded during the year-to-date periods presented.

			(in thousands)						Level 1						Level 2						Level 3						Total
			March 31, 2026
			Loans held for investment						$	—					$	—					$	10,813					$	10,813
			December 31, 2025
			Loans held for investment						$	—					$	—					$	19,216					$	19,216

Loans held for investment that are reported above are generally impaired loans that have either been partially charged off or have specific reserves assigned to them.

Assets and Liabilities Not Measured at Fair Value

The following disclosure provides estimated fair values for financial instruments not carried at fair value on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. Fair value estimates are made at a specific point in time, based on relevant market information and information about the financial instrument. These estimates do not reflect the premium or discount on any particular financial instrument that could result from the sale of United’s entire holdings. All estimates are inherently subjective in nature. Changes in assumptions could significantly affect the estimates.

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UNITED COMMUNITY BANKS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

												Fair Value Level
(in thousands)						Carrying Amount						Level 1						Level 2						Level 3						Total
March 31, 2026
Assets:
HTM debt securities						$	2,211,523					$	19,018					$	1,859,396					$	—					$	1,878,414
Loans and leases, net						19,393,245						—						—						18,922,122						18,922,122
Liabilities:
Deposits						24,025,065						—						24,015,072						—						24,015,072
Long-term debt						120,500						—						—						122,768						122,768
December 31, 2025
Assets:
HTM debt securities						$	2,237,356					$	19,039					$	1,899,387					$	—					$	1,918,426
Loans and leases, net						19,173,888						—						—						18,651,481						18,651,481
Liabilities:
Deposits						23,798,430						—						23,790,107						—						23,790,107
Long-term debt						120,400						—						—						120,279						120,279

 

Note 6 – Reclassifications Out of AOCI

The following table presents the details regarding amounts reclassified out of AOCI for the periods indicated. Amounts shown in parentheses reduce earnings.

(in thousands)
Details about AOCI Components												Three Months Ended March 31,												Affected Line Item in the Statement Where Net Income is Presented
																		2026									2025
Realized net gains on AFS securities:
																		$	133					$	6					Securities gains, net
																		(28)						(2)						Income tax expense
																		$	105					$	4					Net of tax
Amortization of unrealized losses on HTM securities transferred from AFS:
																		$	(1,731)					$	(1,964)					Investment securities interest revenue
																		437						464						Income tax expense
																		$	(1,294)					$	(1,500)					Net of tax
Reclassifications related to derivative instruments accounted for as cash flow hedges:
Interest rate contracts																		$	784					$	1,121					Long-term debt interest expense
Gain on terminated cash flow hedge																		5,184						—						Other noninterest income
																		5,968						1,121						Total before tax
																		(1,507)						(283)						Income tax expense
																		$	4,461					$	838					Net of tax
Amortization of defined benefit pension plan net periodic pension cost components:
Prior service cost																		$	(13)					$	(25)					Salaries and employee benefits expense
Actuarial gain																		—						42						Other expense
																		(13)						17						Total before tax
																		4						(4)						Income tax expense
																		$	(9)					$	13					Net of tax
Total reclassifications for the period																		$	3,263					$	(645)					Net of tax

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UNITED COMMUNITY BANKS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

Note 7 – Earnings Per Share

 

The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted earnings per share for the periods indicated.

												Three Months Ended March 31,
			(in thousands, except per share data)															2026						2025
			Net income															$	84,289					$	71,413
			Dividends on preferred stock															—						(1,573)
			Earnings allocated to participating securities															(552)						(411)
			Net income available to common shareholders															$	83,737					$	69,429
			Weighted average shares outstanding:
			Basic															120,498						120,043
			Effect of dilutive securities:
			Stock options															48						88
			Restricted stock units															177						70
			Diluted															120,723						120,201
			Net income per common share:
			Basic															$	0.69					$	0.58
			Diluted															$	0.69					$	0.58

 

For the three months ended March 31, 2026 or 2025, United had no potentially dilutive instruments outstanding that were not included in the above analysis.

Note 8 – Regulatory Matters

As of March 31, 2026, United and the Bank were categorized as well-capitalized under the regulatory requirements in effect at that time. To be categorized as well-capitalized, United and the Bank must have exceeded the well-capitalized guideline ratios in effect at the time, as set forth in the table below, and have met certain other requirements. Management believes that United and the Bank exceeded all well-capitalized requirements at March 31, 2026, and there have been no conditions or events since quarter-end that would change the status of well-capitalized.

Regulatory capital ratios at March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, along with the minimum amounts required for capital adequacy purposes and to be well-capitalized under regulatory requirements in effect at such times, are presented below for United and the Bank:

																		United Community Banks, Inc. (Consolidated)												United Community Bank
(dollars in thousands)						Minimum (1)						Well- Capitalized						March 31, 2026						December 31, 2025						March 31, 2026						December 31, 2025
Risk-based ratios:
CET1 capital						4.5		%				6.5		%				13.40		%				13.44		%				12.19		%				12.34		%
Tier 1 capital						6.0						8.0						13.40						13.44						12.19						12.34
Total capital						8.0						10.0						14.63						14.77						13.21						13.37
Leverage ratio						4.0						5.0						10.45						10.28						9.50						9.42
CET1 capital																		$	2,844,828					$	2,824,732					$	2,578,830					$	2,582,475
Tier 1 capital																		2,844,828						2,824,732						2,578,830						2,582,475
Total capital																		3,106,528						3,104,806						2,795,530						2,797,549
Risk-weighted assets																		21,235,038						21,019,967						21,156,468						20,931,562
Average total assets for the leverage ratio																		27,210,274						27,469,241						27,142,302						27,401,675

(1) As of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, the minimum ratios as presented were subject to an additional capital conservation buffer of 2.50%

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UNITED COMMUNITY BANKS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

Note 9 – Commitments and Contingencies

 

United is party to financial instruments with off-balance sheet risk in the normal course of business to meet the financing needs of its customers. These financial instruments include commitments to extend credit and letters of credit. United uses the same credit policies in making commitments and conditional obligations as it uses for underwriting on-balance sheet instruments. In most cases, collateral or other security is required to support financial instruments with credit risk.

 

The following table summarizes the contractual amount of significant off-balance sheet instruments as of the dates indicated.

(in thousands)			March 31, 2026						December 31, 2025
Financial instruments whose contract amounts represent credit risk:
Commitments to extend credit			$	4,843,128					$	4,732,083
Letters of credit			55,214						53,008

United, in the normal course of business, is subject to various pending and threatened lawsuits in which claims for monetary damages are asserted. Although it is not possible to predict the outcome of these lawsuits, or the range of any possible loss, management, after consultation with legal counsel, does not anticipate that the ultimate aggregate liability, if any, arising from these lawsuits will have a material adverse effect on United’s financial position or results of operations.

Note 10 - Subsequent Events

Peach State Merger Announcement

On April 21, 2026, United entered into a definitive merger agreement to acquire Peach State Bancshares, Inc. and its wholly-owned subsidiary, Peach State Bank & Trust (collectively, “Peach State”), headquartered in Gainesville, Georgia. As of March 31, 2026, Peach State Bank & Trust reported total assets of $789 million, with total loans of $498 million and total deposits of $713 million.

Under the terms of the merger agreement, Peach State shareholders can elect to receive either the per share cash consideration of $31.75 or the per share stock consideration of 0.8978 shares of United common stock for each share of Peach State common stock outstanding, subject to proration such that 50% of the Peach State shares will receive stock consideration and 50% of the shares will receive cash consideration.

Debt Redemption

On April 30, 2026, United redeemed its 2028 subordinated debentures, which had an outstanding principal amount of $100 million.

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Item 2.    Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

The following is a discussion of our financial condition at March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025 and our results of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025. The purpose of this discussion is to focus on information about our financial condition and results of operations which is not otherwise apparent from our consolidated financial statements and is intended to provide insight into our results of operations and financial condition. The following discussion and analysis should be read along with our consolidated financial statements and related notes included in Part I - Item 1 of this Report, “Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements” beginning on page 4 of this Report and the risk factors discussed in our Item 1A. of our 2025 10-K and in Part II, Item IA. of this Report.

Unless the context otherwise requires, in this Report, the terms “we,” “our,” “us” refer to United on a consolidated basis.

 

Non-GAAP Reconciliation and Explanation

This Report contains financial information determined by methods other than in accordance with GAAP. Such non-GAAP financial information includes the following measures: “tangible book value per common share,” and “tangible common equity to tangible assets.” In addition, management presents non-GAAP operating performance measures, which exclude merger-related and other items that are not part of our ongoing business operations. Operating performance measures include “noninterest income - operating,” “noninterest expense - operating,” “net income – operating,” “diluted income per common share – operating,” “return on common equity – operating,” “return on tangible common equity – operating,” and “return on assets – operating,” “efficiency ratio – operating” and “tangible common equity to tangible assets.” We have developed internal policies and procedures to accurately capture and account for merger-related and other charges we consider to be non-operating or non-recurring and those charges are reviewed with the Audit Committee of our Board each quarter. We use these non-GAAP measures because we believe they provide useful supplemental information for evaluating our operations and performance over periods of time, as well as in managing and evaluating our business and in discussions about our operations and performance. We believe these non-GAAP measures may also provide users of our financial information with a meaningful measure for assessing our financial results and credit trends, as well as a comparison to financial results for prior periods. Nevertheless, non-GAAP measures have inherent limitations, are not required to be uniformly applied and are not audited. These non-GAAP measures should be viewed in addition to, and not as an alternative to or substitute for, measures determined in accordance with GAAP. In addition, because non-GAAP measures are not standardized, it may not be possible to compare our non-GAAP measures to similarly titled measures used by other companies. To the extent applicable, reconciliations of these non-GAAP measures to the most directly comparable measures as reported in accordance with GAAP are included in Table 16 of MD&A.

Executive Overview and Results of Operations

Overview

 

We offer a wide array of commercial and consumer banking services and investment advisory solutions provided through a 200 banking office network throughout Georgia, South Carolina, North Carolina, Tennessee, Florida and Alabama. Our equipment finance and SBA/USDA lending businesses operate throughout the United States. At March 31, 2026, we had consolidated total assets of $28.2 billion and 3,118 full-time equivalent employees.

Merger Activity

Subsequent to the end of the first quarter, on April 21, 2026, we entered into a definitive merger agreement to acquire Peach State Bancshares, Inc. and its wholly-owned subsidiary, Peach State Bank & Trust, headquartered in Gainesville, Georgia. As of March 31, 2026, Peach State Bank & Trust reported total assets of $788 million, with total loans of $498 million and total deposits of $713 million. We expect the merger to close in the third quarter of 2026. See Note 10 to the Notes of the Financial Statements for further detail.

Results of Operations

We reported net income and diluted earnings per common share of $84.3 million and $0.69, respectively, for the first quarter of 2026. This compared to net income and diluted earnings per common share of $71.4 million and $0.58, respectively, for the same period in 2025. Net income - operating for the first quarter of 2026 was $84.7 million, which excluded merger-related and other charges and a $6.70 million one-time payroll transition bonus, which were partially offset by a $5.18 million gain on a terminated cash flow hedge and the $1.89 million release of an accrual for the special FDIC insurance assessment related to certain 2023 bank failures that the

30

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FDIC announced it no longer intended to collect. Net income - operating for the first quarter of 2025 was $72.4 million and excluded merger-related and other charges.

We reported total revenue for the first quarters of 2026 and 2025 of $277 million and $248 million, respectively. FTE net interest revenue increased to $234 million for the first quarter of 2026, compared to $213 million for the first quarter of 2025. The increase was mostly driven by a $20.9 million decrease in deposit interest expense as the average rate paid on interest-bearing deposits decreased 52 basis points. The net interest margin increased to 3.65% for the three months ended March 31, 2026 from 3.36% for the same period in 2025, primarily due to the steeper decrease in interest rates paid on deposits compared to the decrease in interest rates earned on loans.

 

Noninterest income of $43.7 million for the first quarter of 2026 was up $8.09 million, or 23%, from the first quarter of 2025, primarily driven by the $5.18 million gain on the terminated cash flow hedge and a $1.39 million increase in other investment income.

We recorded provisions for credit losses of $10.9 million and $15.4 million for the first quarters of 2026 and 2025, respectively. The lower provision expense for the first quarter of 2026 mostly reflects a more favorable economic forecast compared to that of first quarter of 2025.

For the first quarter of 2026, noninterest expense of $157 million increased by $16.2 million compared to the same period of 2025. The increase was mostly driven by a $17.0 million increase in salaries and employee benefits, primarily due to the one-time payroll transition bonus of $6.70 million and higher total compensation, a portion of which resulted from the acquisition of ANB in the second quarter of 2025, annual merit increases that became effective April 1, 2025 and higher incentives. This was partially offset by a $2.37 million decrease in FDIC assessment and other regulatory charges, reflecting the release of the remaining FDIC special assessment accrual and a lower assessment rate for the first quarter of 2026 compared to the same period of 2025.

Results for the first quarter of 2026 are discussed in further detail throughout the following sections of MD&A.

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UNITED COMMUNITY BANKS, INC.
Table 1 - Financial Highlights
(dollars in thousands, except per share data)						2026						2025																								First Quarter 2026 - 2025 Change
						First Quarter						Fourth Quarter						Third Quarter						Second Quarter						First  Quarter
INCOME SUMMARY
Interest revenue						$	333,961					$	346,367					$	353,850					$	347,365					$	335,357
Interest expense						101,197						108,441						120,221						121,834						123,336
Net interest revenue						232,764						237,926						233,629						225,531						212,021						10		%
Noninterest income						43,746						40,462						43,219						34,708						35,656						23
Total revenue						276,510						278,388						276,848						260,239						247,677						12
Provision for credit losses						10,853						13,662						7,907						11,818						15,419						(30)
Noninterest expense						157,302						152,048						150,868						147,919						141,099						11
Income before income tax expense						108,355						112,678						118,073						100,502						91,159						19
Income tax expense						24,066						26,223						26,579						21,769						19,746						22
Net income						84,289						86,455						91,494						78,733						71,413						18
Non-operating items						508						606						3,468						4,833						1,297						n/m
Income tax benefit of non-operating items						(113)						(133)						(751)						(1,047)						(281)						n/m
Net income - operating (1)						$	84,684					$	86,928					$	94,211					$	82,519					$	72,429					17
PERFORMANCE MEASURES
Per common share:
Diluted net income - GAAP						$	0.69					$	0.70					$	0.70					$	0.63					$	0.58					19
Diluted net income - operating (1)						0.70						0.71						0.75						0.66						0.59						19
Cash dividends declared						0.25						0.25						0.25						0.24						0.24						4
Book value						30.54						30.17						29.44						28.89						28.42						7
Tangible book value (3)						22.56						22.24						21.59						21.00						20.58						10
Key performance ratios:
Return on common equity - GAAP (2)(4)						9.35		%				9.48		%				9.20		%				8.45		%				7.89		%
Return on common equity - operating (1)(2)(4)						9.39						9.53						9.83						8.87						8.01
Return on tangible common equity - operating (1)(2)(3)(4)						13.05						13.31						13.56						12.34						11.21
Return on assets - GAAP (4)						1.22						1.21						1.29						1.11						1.02
Return on assets - operating (1)(4)						1.22						1.22						1.33						1.16						1.04
Net interest margin (FTE) (4)						3.65						3.62						3.58						3.50						3.36
Efficiency ratio - GAAP						56.66						54.40						54.30						56.69						56.74
Efficiency ratio - operating (1)						55.65						54.19						53.05						54.84						56.22
Equity to total assets						12.97						12.99						12.78						12.86						12.56
Tangible common equity to tangible assets (3)						9.92						9.92						9.71						9.45						9.18
ASSET QUALITY
NPAs						$	98,623					$	93,498					$	97,916					$	83,959					$	93,290					6
ACL - loans						208,396						210,429						215,791						216,500						211,974						(2)
Net charge-offs						10,377						16,418						7,676						8,225						9,607						8
ACL - loans to loans						1.06		%				1.09		%				1.13		%				1.14		%				1.15		%
Net charge-offs to average loans (4)						0.22						0.34						0.16						0.18						0.21
NPAs to total assets						0.35						0.33						0.35						0.30						0.33
AT PERIOD END ($ in millions)
Loans						$	19,602					$	19,384					$	19,175					$	18,921					$	18,425					6
Investment securities						5,889						5,988						6,163						6,382						6,661						(12)
Total assets						28,177						28,003						28,143						28,086						27,874						1
Deposits						24,025						23,798						24,021						23,963						23,762						1
Shareholders’ equity						3,655						3,639						3,597						3,613						3,501						4
Common shares outstanding (thousands)						119,684						120,598						121,553						121,431						119,514						—

(1) Excludes non-operating items as detailed on Non-GAAP Performance Measures Reconciliation on page 46. (2) Net income less preferred stock dividends, divided by average realized common equity, which excludes AOCI. (3) Excludes effect of acquisition related intangibles and associated amortization. (4) Annualized.

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Net Interest Revenue

The following discussion provides additional details on the daily average balances and net interest revenue for the periods presented. The table that follows indicates the relationship between interest revenue and expense and the daily average amounts of assets and liabilities, which provides further insight into net interest spread and net interest margin for the periods indicated.

FTE net interest revenue for the first quarter of 2026 was $234 million, representing an increase of $20.9 million, or 10%, from the same period in 2025. The net interest spreads for the first quarters of 2026 and 2025 were 2.92% and 2.46%, respectively. The net interest margins for the first quarters of 2026 and 2025 were 3.65% and 3.36%, respectively.

The interest rate environment changes over the past year included aggregate reductions of 75 basis points in the federal funds rate, which drove decreases in funding costs, and to a lesser extent, loan yields. As a result, the primary driver in the increase in FTE net interest revenue for the first quarter of 2026 was a $20.9 million decrease in deposit interest expense. Interest revenue from interest-earning assets decreased $1.28 million. Loan interest revenue increased $12.7 million compared to the same period of 2025, mostly driven by loan growth, while securities interest revenue decreased $12.7 million due to both a lower average balances and a decrease in the average rate earned. The increase in net interest revenue for the first quarter of 2026 also reflects net interest revenue from the loans and deposits acquired in the ANB merger, which closed on May 1, 2025. The increase in net interest margin and net interest spread was primarily driven by a steeper decrease in average rates paid on deposits compared to the decrease in rates earned on loans.

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Table 2 - Average Consolidated Balance Sheets and Net Interest Analysis
For the Three Months Ended March 31,
(dollars in thousands, (FTE))

						2026																		2025
						Average Balance						Interest						Average Rate						Average Balance						Interest						Average Rate
Assets:
Interest-earning assets:
Loans, net of unearned income (FTE) (1)(2)						$	19,403,795					$	286,629					5.99		%				$	18,213,501					$	273,930					6.10		%
Taxable securities (3)						5,926,885						44,483						3.00						6,737,658						57,172						3.39
Tax-exempt securities (FTE) (1)(3)						346,420						2,202						2.54						356,712						2,245						2.52
Other interest-earning assets						308,424						1,755						2.31						400,592						3,001						3.04
Total interest-earning assets (FTE)						25,985,524						335,069						5.22						25,708,463						336,348						5.29
Noninterest-earning assets:
Allowance for credit losses						(212,867)																		(210,169)
Cash and due from banks						200,085																		219,540
Premises and equipment						393,853																		396,443
Other assets (3)						1,705,566																		1,610,104
Total assets						$	28,072,161																	$	27,724,381
Liabilities and Shareholders' Equity:
Interest-bearing liabilities:
Interest-bearing deposits:
NOW and interest-bearing demand						$	5,853,104					28,129						1.95						$	6,134,004					37,390						2.47
Money market						6,826,707						40,709						2.42						6,583,963						49,541						3.05
Savings						1,089,856						480						0.18						1,096,308						624						0.23
Time						3,651,034						28,183						3.13						3,446,048						30,831						3.63
Brokered time deposits						60,279						528						3.55						50,447						548						4.41
Total interest-bearing deposits						17,480,980						98,029						2.27						17,310,770						118,934						2.79
Federal funds purchased and other borrowings						107,668						998						3.76						80,760						1,107						5.56
Federal Home Loan Bank advances						102,278						969						3.84						38,900						433						4.51
Long-term debt						120,450						1,201						4.04						254,220						2,862						4.57
Total borrowed funds						330,396						3,168						3.89						373,880						4,402						4.77
Total interest-bearing liabilities						17,811,376						101,197						2.30						17,684,650						123,336						2.83
Noninterest-bearing liabilities:
Noninterest-bearing deposits						6,265,370																		6,194,217
Other liabilities						337,611																		369,939
Total liabilities						24,414,357																		24,248,806
Shareholders' equity						3,657,804																		3,475,575
Total liabilities and shareholders' equity						$	28,072,161																	$	27,724,381
Net interest revenue (FTE)												$	233,872																	$	213,012
Net interest-rate spread (FTE)																		2.92		%																2.46		%
Net interest margin (FTE) (4)																		3.65		%																3.36		%

 

(1)Interest revenue on tax-exempt securities and loans includes a taxable-equivalent adjustment to reflect comparable interest on taxable securities and loans. The FTE adjustment totaled $1.11 million and $991,000, respectively, for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025. The tax rate used to calculate the adjustment was 25%, reflecting the statutory federal income tax rate and the federal tax adjusted state income tax rate.

(2)Included in the average balance of loans outstanding are loans on which the accrual of interest has been discontinued.

(3)Unrealized losses on AFS securities, including those related to the transfer from AFS to HTM, have been reclassified to other assets. Pretax unrealized losses of $176 million in 2026 and $269 million in 2025 are included in other assets for purposes of this presentation.

(4)Net interest margin is taxable equivalent net interest revenue divided by average interest-earning assets.

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Noninterest Income

 

The following table presents the components of noninterest income for the periods indicated.

Table 3 - Noninterest Income
(dollars in thousands)

																		Three Months Ended March 31,												Change
																														2026						2025						Amount						Percent
			Service charges and fees:
			Overdraft fees																											$	3,129					$	3,027					$	102					3		%
			ATM and debit card fees																											3,606						3,776						(170)						(5)
			Other service charges and fees																											2,810						2,732						78						3
			Total service charges and fees																											9,545						9,535						10						—
			Mortgage loan gains and related fees																											8,029						6,122						1,907						31
			Wealth management fees																											4,629						4,465						164						4
			Net gains (losses) on sales of other loans																											1,893						1,396						497						36
			Lending and loan servicing fees																											3,971						4,165						(194)						(5)
			Securities gains, net																											133						6						127						n/m
			Other noninterest income:
			Customer derivative fees																											1,572						1,252						320						26
			Trading securities losses																											(1,074)						—						(1,074)						n/m
			Other investment income																											1,797						404						1,393						n/m
			BOLI																											1,932						2,109						(177)						(8)
			Treasury management income																											2,393						1,983						410						21
			Other																											8,926						4,219						4,707						n/m
			Total other noninterest income																											15,546						9,967						5,579						56
			Total noninterest income																											$	43,746					$	35,656					$	8,090					23

The increase in mortgage loan gains and related fees for the three months ended March 31, 2026 compared to the same period of 2025 was primarily a result of an increase in mortgage servicing income of $1.04 million, which includes fair value adjustments to our mortgage servicing asset. During the first quarter of 2026, we began an economic hedging strategy utilizing a trading securities portfolio, with the intention of offsetting the impact of the changes in the fair value of our mortgage servicing asset with the gains or losses on trading securities. During the first quarter of 2026, we recognized $1.07 million losses on trading securities, which is included in other noninterest income.

During the first quarter of 2026, other investment income reflects higher earnings on our fintech and limited partnership investments compared to the same period of 2025. Our other investment portfolio includes mutual funds, equity securities, fintech and other limited partnership investments. Gains and losses from these investments are generally unrealized.

The increase in other noninterest income was primarily driven by the $5.18 million gain on the termination of an interest rate cap accounted for as a cash flow hedge of our $100 million subordinated debt, for which redemption notice was provided in the first quarter of 2026. The subordinated debt was subsequently redeemed on April 30, 2026.

Provision for Credit Losses

We recorded provisions for credit losses of $10.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2026, compared to $15.4 million for the same period of 2025. The amount of provision recorded in each period was the amount required such that the total ACL reflected the appropriate balance as determined by management reflecting expected life of loan losses. Additional discussion on credit quality and the ACL is included in the “Allowance for Credit Losses” section of MD&A in this Report.

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Noninterest Expense

The following table presents the components of noninterest expense for the periods indicated.

Table 4 - Noninterest Expense
(dollars in thousands)

																		Three Months Ended March 31,												Change
																														2026						2025						Amount						Percent
			Salaries and employee benefits																											$	101,249					$	84,267					$	16,982					20		%
			Communications and equipment																											14,102						13,699						403						3
			Occupancy																											11,725						10,929						796						7
			Advertising and public relations																											2,397						1,881						516						27
			Postage, printing and supplies																											2,757						2,561						196						8
			Professional fees																											5,576						5,931						(355)						(6)
			Lending and loan servicing expense																											2,582						1,987						595						30
			Outside services - electronic banking																											3,559						2,763						796						29
			FDIC assessments and other regulatory charges																											2,269						4,642						(2,373)						(51)
			Amortization of intangibles																											3,063						3,286						(223)						(7)
			Merger-related and other charges																											873						1,297						(424)						(33)
			Other																											7,150						7,856						(706)						(9)
			Total noninterest expense																											$	157,302					$	141,099					$	16,203					11

The increase in salaries and employee benefits for the first quarter of 2026 compared to 2025 was mostly driven by the $6.70 million one-time payroll transition bonus described below, annual merit increases that went into effect on April 1, 2025, higher performance-related incentive compensation and the addition of ANB employees on May 1, 2025.

The one-time payroll transition bonus was a result of our first quarter transition from a semi-monthly payroll cycle to a bi-weekly payroll cycle in arrears. The bonus was paid to bridge the resulting gap in payroll dates due to the schedule change.

The decrease in FDIC assessments and other regulatory charges reflects a $1.89 million accrual reversal of the FDIC special assessment related to certain 2023 bank failures, as the FDIC announced it no longer intended to collect the remainder of the assessment. In addition, our assessment rate for the first quarter of 2026 decreased compared to the first quarter of 2025.

Income Tax Expense

The following table presents income tax expense and the effective tax rate for the periods indicated.

Table 5 - Income Tax Expense

(dollars in thousands)

															Three Months Ended March 31,
																					2026						2025
			Income before income taxes																		$	108,355					$	91,159
			Income tax expense																		24,066						19,746
			Effective tax rate																		22.2		%				21.7		%

Managing Risk

Our business purpose is to provide financial services and products to customers, which inherently comes with risk. We strive to manage, mitigate and optimize that risk appropriately. We maintain an enterprise risk framework that provides for the structure of the governance and oversight of our primary risk categories, which include credit, liquidity, market/interest rate, capital, strategic, operational, legal/compliance and reputation. The objective of our risk framework is to establish a formal structure for identifying, assessing, managing, monitoring and reporting risks in order to assist the Bank in achieving its strategic objectives.

The following discussion of our financial results and activities for the periods covered by this Report are grouped into their most relevant risk categories of Credit Risk Management, Liquidity Risk Management, Market / Interest Rate Risk Management and

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Capital Risk Management. For more information on our risks, see Item 1A. Risk Factors and the Managing Risk section in MD&A of the 2025 10-K.

Credit Risk Management

Our loan portfolio is the largest asset class on our balance sheet; therefore, credit risk management plays a key role in our overall risk management infrastructure. Credit risk is inherent to the lending function; thus, a sound risk management system is essential to maximize returns within acceptable risk parameters.

Asset Quality

 

We manage asset quality and control credit risk through review and oversight of the loan portfolio as well as adherence to policies designed to promote sound underwriting and loan monitoring practices. Our credit risk management function is responsible for monitoring asset quality and Board approved portfolio concentration limits, establishing credit policies and procedures and enforcing the consistent application of these policies and procedures.

 

We conduct reviews of classified performing and non-performing loans, FDMs, past due loans and portfolio concentrations on a regular basis to identify risk migration and potential charges to the ACL. These items are discussed in a series of meetings attended by Credit Risk Management and other senior leadership from various lending groups. In addition to the reviews mentioned above, an independent loan review team reviews the portfolio to ensure consistent application of credit and risk rating policies and procedures.

For more information, see Credit Risk Management in the MD&A of the 2025 10-K.

Loans

As of March 31, 2026, loans totaled $19.6 billion, compared to $19.4 billion at December 31, 2025. The increase was primarily driven by organic loan growth, particularly in our commercial portfolio.

Allowance for Credit Losses

The ACL reflects our assessment of the life of loan expected credit losses in the loan portfolio and unfunded loan commitments. This assessment involves uncertainty and judgment and is subject to change in future periods. See the Critical Accounting Estimates section of MD&A in our 2025 10-K for additional information on the ACL.

The ACL for loans at March 31, 2026 totaled $208 million compared to $210 million at December 31, 2025 and the ACL for loans as a percentage of total loans decreased slightly to 1.06% from 1.09%. The decrease in the ACL was primarily attributable to a more positive economic forecast at March 31, 2026 compared to December 31, 2026. Our ACL for unfunded commitments, which totaled $17.6 million, increased $2.51 million compared to December 31, 2025 mostly due to an increase in our construction commitments.

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The following tables provide information on loans and the ACL for the periods indicated. See Note 3 to the consolidated financial statements for further information on loans and the ACL.

Table 6 - Loan Portfolio Composition and ACL Allocation

(dollars in thousands)

						March 31, 2026																								December 31, 2025
						Loans						% of portfolio						ACL						ACL to Loans						Loans						% of portfolio						ACL						ACL to Loans
			Owner occupied CRE			$	4,040,518					21		%				$	25,127					0.62		%				$	3,949,898					20		%				$	24,888					0.63		%
			Income producing CRE			4,983,718						25						41,358						0.83						5,032,342						26						44,071						0.88
			Commercial & industrial			2,770,924						14						43,696						1.58						2,696,291						14						43,269						1.60
			Commercial construction & land			1,072,140						5						10,198						0.95						997,802						5						8,286						0.83
			Equipment financing			1,896,828						10						42,862						2.26						1,847,999						10						45,852						2.48
			Total commercial			14,764,128						75						163,241						1.11						14,524,332						75						166,366						1.15
			Residential mortgage			3,122,361						16						29,333						0.94						3,157,017						16						29,241						0.93
			Home equity			1,343,785						7						12,769						0.95						1,319,474						7						11,849						0.90
			Residential construction & land			185,353						1						1,900						1.03						190,625						1						1,799						0.94
			Consumer			186,891						1						1,153						0.62						187,536						1						1,174						0.63
			Total (1)			$	19,602,518											$	208,396					1.06						$	19,378,984											$	210,429					1.09

(1) Loans presented exclude fair value hedge basis adjustments.

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The following table provides a summary of net charge-offs to average loans for the periods indicated.

Table 7 - Net Charge-offs to Average Loans
(dollars in thousands)

												Three Months Ended March 31,
																		2026						2025
			Net charge-offs (recoveries)
			Owner occupied CRE															$	666					$	126
			Income producing CRE															(85)						718
			Commercial & industrial															3,309						2,447
			Commercial construction															6						(138)
			Equipment financing															5,835						5,042
			Residential mortgage															133						(1)
			Home equity															(54)						(62)
			Residential construction															12						219
			Consumer															555						1,256
			Total net charge-offs															$	10,377					$	9,607
			Average loans
			Owner occupied CRE															$	3,955,804					$	3,393,849
			Income producing CRE															4,985,059						4,369,597
			Commercial & industrial															2,699,674						2,456,768
			Commercial construction															1,083,555						1,661,366
			Equipment financing															1,838,992						1,685,187
			Residential mortgage															3,146,817						3,210,729
			Home equity															1,316,636						1,077,463
			Residential construction															191,373						173,987
			Consumer															185,885						184,555
			Total average loans															$	19,403,795					$	18,213,501
			Net charge-offs to average loans (1)
			Owner occupied CRE															0.07		%				0.02		%
			Income producing CRE															(0.01)						0.07
			Commercial & industrial															0.50						0.40
			Commercial construction															—						(0.03)
			Equipment financing															1.29						1.21
			Residential mortgage															0.02						—
			Home equity															(0.02)						(0.02)
			Residential construction															0.03						0.51
			Consumer															1.21						2.76
			Total															0.22						0.21

(1) Annualized.

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Nonperforming Assets

The table below summarizes NPAs for the periods indicated. NPAs include nonaccrual loans, OREO and repossessed assets. The main driver of the increase in nonaccrual loans since December 31, 2025 was a small population of larger owner-occupied CRE loans moving to nonaccrual during the first quarter of 2026.

Table 8 - NPAs
(dollars in thousands)

						March 31, 2026						December 31, 2025						$ Change
			Nonaccrual loans:
			Owner occupied CRE			$	18,265					$	11,165					$	7,100
			Income producing CRE			11,037						11,488						(451)
			Commercial & industrial			19,890						18,294						1,596
			Commercial construction & land			17						18						(1)
			Equipment financing			8,024						10,383						(2,359)
			Total commercial			57,233						51,348						5,885
			Residential mortgage			31,906						32,423						(517)
			Home equity			6,209						5,247						962
			Residential construction & land			355						1,079						(724)
			Consumer			1,009						1,001						8
			Total			96,712						91,098						5,614
			OREO and repossessed assets			1,911						2,400						(489)
			Total NPAs			$	98,623					$	93,498					$	5,125
			Nonaccrual loans as a percentage of total loans			0.49		%				0.47		%
			NPAs as a percentage of total assets			0.35						0.33
			ACL - loans to nonaccrual loans coverage ratio			2.15						2.31

Concentration Considerations

Commercial loans make up 75% of our loan portfolio, which includes owner occupied and income producing real estate, commercial and industrial, commercial construction and land and equipment financing loans.

Approximately 75% of our loan portfolio is secured by real estate and therefore, can be affected by changes in real estate valuation.

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Non-owner occupied CRE loans

The following table provides industry concentrations of our non-owner occupied CRE loans, which include the income producing CRE portfolio and non-owner occupied commercial construction loans as of the dates indicated.

Table 9 - Industry Concentrations of Non-Owner Occupied CRE Loans

(dollars in thousands)

									March 31, 2026												December 31, 2025
									Total						% of loans in category						Total						% of loans in category
			Retail						$	1,369,110					23		%				$	1,338,882					23		%
			Office						923,072						16						898,359						15
			Multifamily						830,929						14						889,579						15
			Warehouse and industrial						678,827						11						656,749						11
			Hotel						458,708						8						487,467						8
			Builder finance						375,562						6						360,698						6
			Rental 1-4 family						330,665						6						325,105						6
			Self storage						304,431						5						296,583						5
			Other						282,825						5						265,937						5
			Senior care						195,811						3						204,558						3
			Land						150,494						3						155,956						3
			Total						$	5,900,434					100		%				$	5,879,873					100		%

Liquidity Risk Management

Liquidity is defined as the ability to convert assets into cash or cash equivalents without significant loss and to raise additional funds by increasing liabilities. The primary objective of liquidity management is to maintain the ability to meet the daily cash flow requirements of customers, both depositors and borrowers, at a reasonable cost. As part of our liquidity management, we focus on maximizing the amount of securities and loans available as collateral for contingent liquidity sources and calibrating our assumptions in our liquidity stress test on an ongoing basis, particularly as it relates to deposit duration. We maintain an unencumbered liquid asset reserve to help ensure our ability to meet our obligations under normal conditions for at least a 12-month period and under severely adverse liquidity conditions for a minimum of 30 days. While the desired level of liquidity will vary depending upon a variety of factors, our primary goal is to maintain a sufficient level of liquidity in all expected economic environments.

The Bank’s main source of liquidity is customer deposit accounts. Liquidity is also available from cash and cash equivalents and wholesale funding sources consisting primarily of Federal funds purchased, securities sold under agreements to repurchase, FHLB advances and brokered deposits. Wholesale funding instruments are generally short-term in nature and used as necessary to fund asset growth and meet other short-term liquidity needs. At the end of 2025 and through most of the first quarter of 2026, due to loan growth and some seasonal deposit attrition, we utilized modest short-term borrowings to meet short-term funding needs. At December 31, 2025, we had $85.0 million of outstanding federal funds purchased. By March 31, 2026, we were able to meet our funding needs without the use of wholesale borrowings and had no outstanding short-term borrowings at quarter-end. Our loan and securities portfolios also provide liquidity primarily through loan principal and interest payments and the maturities and sales of securities, as well as the ability to use these assets as collateral for borrowings on a secured basis.

For more information, see Liquidity Risk Management in the MD&A of the 2025 10-K.

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At March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, we had sufficient liquid funds and qualifying collateral to support additional borrowings, which are detailed in the table below.

Table 10 - Liquid Funds and Unused Borrowing Capacity
(in thousands)
						March 31, 2026						December 31, 2025
			Available liquid funds:
			Cash and cash equivalents			$	493,141					$	395,754
			Unused Borrowing Capacity (1):
			FHLB			2,043,856						2,006,045
			Federal Reserve - Discount Window			2,074,410						2,347,191
			Unpledged securities available as collateral for additional borrowings			3,016,327						3,007,534

(1) Based on collateral pledged.

In addition, because the Holding Company is a separate entity and distinct from the Bank, it must provide for its own liquidity. The Holding Company is responsible for the payment of dividends declared for its common shareholders, and interest and principal on any outstanding debt or trust preferred securities. The Holding Company currently has sufficient liquid assets to meet these obligations. Holding Company liquidity is maintained at a level of at least 125% of the next 12 months of forecasted cash obligations.

In the opinion of management, our liquidity position at March 31, 2026 was sufficient to meet our expected cash flow requirements for the foreseeable future. See the consolidated statement of cash flows for further detail.

Deposits

Customer deposits are the primary source of funds for the continued growth of our earning assets. We believe our high level of service, as evidenced by our strong customer satisfaction scores, is instrumental in attracting and retaining customer deposit accounts. Since December 31, 2025, customer deposits increased $237 million, primarily driven by the increase in noninterest demand deposits. As of March 31, 2026, we had approximately $10.1 billion of uninsured deposits, of which $2.99 billion was collateralized by investment securities.

Table 11 - Deposits
(dollars in thousands)

						March 31, 2026												December 31, 2025
						Balance						% of Total						Balance						% of Total
			Noninterest-bearing demand			$	6,473,101					27		%				$	6,252,252					26		%
			NOW and interest-bearing demand			5,900,748						25						5,969,864						25
			Money market and savings			7,821,806						32						7,781,861						33
			Time			3,664,706						15						3,619,189						15
			Total customer deposits			23,860,361						99						23,623,166						99
			Brokered deposits			164,704						1						175,264						1
			Total deposits			$	24,025,065											$	23,798,430

Investment Securities

The composition of the investment securities portfolio reflects our investment strategy of maintaining an appropriate level of liquidity while providing a relatively stable source of revenue. The investment securities portfolio also provides a balance to interest rate risk and credit risk in other categories of the balance sheet while providing a vehicle for the investment of available funds, furnishing liquidity, and supplying securities to pledge as required collateral for certain deposits and borrowings. The table below summarizes the carrying value of our securities portfolio and other relevant portfolio metrics including weighted-average life and effective duration as

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of the dates presented. Effective duration represents the expected change in the price of a security when rates change by 100 basis points.

Table 12 - Investment Securities

(dollars in thousands)

						March 31, 2026												December 31, 2025
						Carrying Value						% of portfolio						Carrying Value						% of portfolio						$ Change
			AFS			$	3,574,546					62		%				$	3,750,863					63		%				$	(176,317)
			HTM			2,211,523						38						2,237,356						37						(25,833)
			Total investment securities			$	5,786,069											$	5,988,219											$	(202,150)
			Investment securities as a % of total assets			21		%										21		%
			Weighted average life			5.4 years												5.4 years
			Swap adjusted effective duration			3.5		%										3.5		%
			Effective duration			3.8												3.8

We utilize fair value hedges on a portion of our AFS securities portfolio in order to mitigate the impact of potential future unrealized losses on our tangible common equity. Gains and losses related to the hedge and hedged item are reflected in investment securities interest income. The changes in the fair value of the hedge and the hedged item substantially offset each other. See Note 4 to the financial statements for further detail.

At March 31, 2026, HTM debt securities had a fair value of $1.88 billion, indicating net unrealized losses of $333 million (pre-tax). Additional unrealized losses on HTM debt securities of $50.0 million (pre-tax) were included in AOCI as a result of the transfer of AFS debt securities to HTM in 2022. Unrealized losses were primarily attributable to changes in interest rates.

See Note 2 to the consolidated financial statements for additional detail on investment securities.

Borrowing Activities

At March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, we had long-term debt outstanding of $121 million and $120 million, respectively, which includes subordinated debentures and trust preferred securities. During the first quarter of 2026, holders of our $100 million subordinated debentures were notified that the debt would be redeemed prior to maturity, on April 30, 2026. At March 31, 2026 there were no short-term borrowings outstanding, compared to $85.0 million at December 31, 2025. The need to utilize wholesale funding sources has decreased because our liquidity needs have been met by our deposit and cash balances.

Contractual Obligations and Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

There have not been any material changes to our contractual obligations and off-balance sheet arrangements since December 31, 2025.

 

Interest Rate Sensitivity Management

Interest rate sensitivity is a function of the repricing characteristics of the portfolio of assets and liabilities. Repricing characteristics are the time frames within which the interest rates on interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities are subject to change either at replacement, repricing or maturity.

Management uses an asset/liability simulation model to measure the potential change in net interest revenue over time using multiple interest rate scenarios. Our modeling is based on the 12-month impact on net interest revenue simulations with various interest rate shocks and ramps, which are compared to a base scenario that assumes rates remain unchanged. In the shock scenarios, rates immediately change the full amount at the scenario onset. In the ramp scenarios, rates change by 25 basis points per month until they reach the predetermined levels.

The following table presents our estimated interest sensitivity position at the dates indicated. The scenario results presented assume parallel movements in the yield curve, which may differ from actual future curve behavior. Other than an assumption for the runoff of estimated surge deposits, which is assumed to be replaced with higher cost wholesale funding, this presentation generally assumes no change in deposit portfolio size or composition.

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Table 13 - Interest Sensitivity

									Increase (Decrease) in Net Interest Revenue from Base Scenario at
									March 31, 2026												December 31, 2025
			Change in Rates						Shock						Ramp						Shock						Ramp
			200 basis point increase						(0.55)		%				0.17		%				0.52		%				0.66		%
			100 basis point increase						(0.12)						0.10						0.41						0.39
			100 basis point decrease						(0.25)						(0.40)						(0.81)						(0.69)
			200 basis point decrease						(0.75)						(0.81)						(2.06)						(1.35)

The change in results from December 31, 2025 to March 31, 2026 are primarily driven by a reduction in notional pay-fixed, receive float swaps.

Capital Risk Management

The maintenance and management of capital levels is one of management’s significant priorities. We are committed to maintaining a capital position that will support ongoing operations and achieve our strategic objectives. The ALCO and the Board are responsible for establishing capital adequacy risk ranges that are appropriate given the risks to which we are exposed and the environment in which we operate. Current and projected capital levels are compared to the capital adequacy risk ranges and reported quarterly to the ALCO and the Board. We utilize a baseline capital forecast as part of our capital management and planning process to evaluate current and future capital needs. We also use hypothetical stressed scenarios and sensitivity analyses, based on changing economic conditions and scenarios, including potential merger and acquisition transactions and debt/capital market activities. Forecasting alternative capital scenarios helps inform overall capital adequacy and capital ranges.

Shareholders’ Equity Highlights

 

Shareholders’ equity at March 31, 2026 was $3.65 billion, an increase of $16.0 million from December 31, 2025 primarily due to year-to-date earnings of $84.3 million, partially offset by common stock repurchases of $37.4 million and dividends declared on common stock of $30.4 million.

Regulatory Capital

The following table shows capital composition as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025.

Table 14 - Capital Composition under Basel III

(in thousands)

						United Community Banks, Inc. (Consolidated)												United Community Bank
						March 31, 2026						December 31, 2025						March 31, 2026						December 31, 2025
Total common shareholders' equity						$	3,654,666					$	3,638,686					$	3,386,971					$	3,391,455
Goodwill						(925,119)						(925,119)						(925,119)						(925,119)
Intangibles, other than goodwill and mortgage servicing rights, net of associated DTLs						(34,775)						(37,274)						(34,775)						(37,274)
DTAs arising from net operating loss and tax credit carryforwards						(4,282)						(2,133)						(3,604)						(2,156)
Net unrealized losses on AFS securities						118,717						117,606						118,077						116,985
Accumulated net gains on cash flow hedges						(1,659)						(5,618)						—						—
Net unrealized losses on HTM securities that are included in AOCI						37,014						38,308						37,014						38,308
Other						266						276						266						276
CET1 / Tier 1 Capital						2,844,828						2,824,732						2,578,830						2,582,475
Tier 2 capital instruments						45,000						65,000						—						—
Qualifying ACL						216,700						215,074						216,700						215,074
Total capital						$	3,106,528					$	3,104,806					$	2,795,530					$	2,797,549

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The following table shows capital ratios, as calculated under applicable regulatory guidelines, at March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025. As of March 31, 2026, capital levels remained characterized as “well-capitalized” under regulatory requirements in effect at the time. Additional information related to capital ratios is provided in Note 8 to the consolidated financial statements.

Table 15 - Capital Ratios

																								United Community Banks, Inc. (Consolidated)												United Community Bank
						Minimum						Well- Capitalized						Minimum Capital Plus Capital Conservation Buffer						March 31, 2026						December 31, 2025						March 31, 2026						December 31, 2025
Risk-based ratios:
CET1 capital						4.5		%				6.5		%				7.0		%				13.40		%				13.44		%				12.19		%				12.34		%
Tier 1 capital						6.0						8.0						8.5						13.40						13.44						12.19						12.34
Total capital						8.0						10.0						10.5						14.63						14.77						13.21						13.37
Leverage ratio						4.0						5.0						N/A						10.45						10.28						9.50						9.42

Effect of Inflation and Changing Prices

 

A bank’s asset and liability structure is substantially different from that of an industrial firm in that primarily all assets and liabilities of a bank are monetary in nature with relatively little investment in fixed assets or inventories. Management believes the effect of inflation on financial results depends on our ability to react to changes in interest rates, and by such reaction, reduce the inflationary effect on performance. We have an asset/liability management program to manage interest rate sensitivity. In addition, periodic reviews of banking services and products are conducted to adjust pricing in view of current and expected costs.

Critical Accounting Estimates

 

In preparing the consolidated financial statements, management is required to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities as of the date of the balance sheet and revenues and expenses for the period. Our accounting and reporting estimates are in accordance with GAAP and conform to customary practices within the banking industry. Estimates that are susceptible to significant changes include accounting for the ACL and fair value measurements, both of which require significant judgments by management. Actual results could differ significantly from those estimates. Also, different assumptions in the application of these accounting estimates could result in material changes in our consolidated financial position or consolidated results of operations. Our critical accounting estimates are discussed in MD&A in our 2025 10-K.

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			UNITED COMMUNITY BANKS, INC.
			Table 16 (Continued) - Financial Highlights
			Non-GAAP Performance Measures Reconciliation
			(dollars in thousands, except per share data)
									2026						2025
									First Quarter						Fourth Quarter						Third Quarter						Second Quarter						First Quarter
			Noninterest income reconciliation
			Noninterest income (GAAP)						$	43,746					$	40,462					$	43,219					$	34,708					$	35,656
			Gain on terminated cash flow hedge						(5,184)						—						—						—						—
			Noninterest income - operating						$	38,562					$	40,462					$	43,219					$	34,708					$	35,656
			Noninterest expense reconciliation
			Noninterest expense (GAAP)						$	157,302					$	152,048					$	150,868					$	147,919					$	141,099
			Payroll transition bonus						(6,704)						—						—						—						—
			FDIC special assessment accrual reversal						1,885						—						—						—						—
			Merger-related and other charges						(873)						(606)						(3,468)						(4,833)						(1,297)
			Noninterest expense - operating						$	151,610					$	151,442					$	147,400					$	143,086					$	139,802
			Net income to operating income reconciliation
			Net income (GAAP)						$	84,289					$	86,455					$	91,494					$	78,733					$	71,413
			Gain on terminated cash flow hedge						(5,184)						—						—						—						—
			Payroll transition bonus						6,704						—						—						—						—
			FDIC special assessment accrual reversal						(1,885)						—						—						—						—
			Merger-related and other charges						873						606						3,468						4,833						1,297
			Income tax benefit of non-operating items						(113)						(133)						(751)						(1,047)						(281)
			Net income - operating						$	84,684					$	86,928					$	94,211					$	82,519					$	72,429
			Diluted income per common share reconciliation
			Diluted income per common share (GAAP)						$	0.69					$	0.70					$	0.70					$	0.63					$	0.58
			Gain on terminated cash flow hedge						(0.03)						—						—						—						—
			Payroll transition bonus						0.04						—						—						—						—
			FDIC special assessment accrual reversal						(0.01)						—						—						—						—
			Merger-related and other charges						0.01						0.01						0.02						0.03						0.01
			Deemed dividend on preferred stock redemption						—						—						0.03						—						—
			Diluted income per common share - operating						$	0.70					$	0.71					$	0.75					$	0.66					$	0.59
			Book value per common share reconciliation
			Book value per common share (GAAP)						$	30.54					$	30.17					$	29.44					$	28.89					$	28.42
			Effect of goodwill and other intangibles						(7.98)						(7.93)						(7.85)						(7.89)						(7.84)
			Tangible book value per common share						$	22.56					$	22.24					$	21.59					$	21.00					$	20.58
			Return on tangible common equity reconciliation
			Return on common equity (GAAP)						9.35		%				9.48		%				9.20		%				8.45		%				7.89		%
			Gain on terminated cash flow hedge						(0.45)						—						—						—						—
			Payroll transition bonus						0.58						—						—						—						—
			FDIC special assessment accrual reversal						(0.16)						—						—						—						—
			Merger-related and other charges						0.07						0.05						0.29						0.42						0.12
			Deemed dividend on preferred stock redemption						—						—						0.34						—						—
			Return on common equity - operating						9.39						9.53						9.83						8.87						8.01
			Effect of goodwill and other intangibles						3.66						3.78						3.73						3.47						3.20
			Return on tangible common equity - operating						13.05		%				13.31		%				13.56		%				12.34		%				11.21		%
			Return on assets reconciliation
			Return on assets (GAAP)						1.22		%				1.21		%				1.29		%				1.11		%				1.02		%
			Gain on terminated cash flow hedge						(0.06)						—						—						—						—
			Payroll transition bonus						0.07						—						—						—						—
			FDIC special assessment accrual reversal						(0.02)						—						—						—						—
			Merger-related and other charges						0.01						0.01						0.04						0.05						0.02
			Return on assets - operating						1.22		%				1.22		%				1.33		%				1.16		%				1.04		%

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			UNITED COMMUNITY BANKS, INC.
			Table 16 (Continued) - Financial Highlights
			Non-GAAP Performance Measures Reconciliation
			(dollars in thousands, except per share data)
									2026						2025
									First Quarter						Fourth Quarter						Third Quarter						Second Quarter						First Quarter
			Efficiency ratio reconciliation
			Efficiency ratio (GAAP)						56.66		%				54.40		%				54.30		%				56.69		%				56.74		%
			Gain on terminated cash flow hedge						1.03						—						—						—						—
			Payroll transition bonus						(2.41)						—						—						—						—
			FDIC special assessment accrual reversal						0.68						—						—						—						—
			Merger-related and other charges						(0.31)						(0.21)						(1.25)						(1.85)						(0.52)
			Efficiency ratio - operating						55.65		%				54.19		%				53.05		%				54.84		%				56.22		%
			Tangible common equity to tangible assets reconciliation
			Equity to total assets (GAAP)						12.97		%				12.99		%				12.78		%				12.86		%				12.56		%
			Effect of goodwill and other intangibles						(3.05)						(3.07)						(3.07)						(3.10)						(3.06)
			Effect of preferred equity						—						—						—						(0.31)						(0.32)
			Tangible common equity to tangible assets						9.92		%				9.92		%				9.71		%				9.45		%				9.18		%

Item 3.    Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosure About Market Risk

 

There have been no material changes in our market risk as of March 31, 2026 from that presented in our 2025 10-K. Our interest rate sensitivity position at March 31, 2026 is set forth in Table 13 in MD&A of this Report and incorporated herein by this reference.

 

Item 4.    Controls and Procedures

    (a) Disclosure Controls and Procedures. Under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, we conducted an evaluation of our disclosure controls and procedures (as such term is defined in Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(e)) as of March 31, 2026. Based on that evaluation, our principal executive officer and chief financial officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of the end of the period covered by this Report.

    (b) Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting. No change in our internal control over financial reporting (as such term is defined in Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(f)) occurred during the fiscal quarter ended March 31, 2026 that materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

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Part II. OTHER INFORMATION 

Items 1A. Risk Factors

Except with respect to the additional risk factor related to the proposed Peach State merger set forth below, there have been no material changes to the risk factors previously disclosed in the 2025 10-K.

Combining United and Peach State may be more difficult, costly or time-consuming than expected, and the anticipated benefits and cost savings of the merger and the bank merger may not be realized.

United and Peach State have operated and, until the completion of the merger, will continue to operate independently. The success of the merger and the bank merger, including anticipated benefits and cost savings, will depend, in part, on United’s ability to successfully combine and integrate the businesses of United and Peach State in a manner that permits growth opportunities and does not materially disrupt the existing customer relations or result in decreased revenues due to loss of customers. It is possible that the integration process could result in the loss of key employees, the disruption of either company’s ongoing businesses or inconsistencies in standards, controls, procedures and policies that adversely affect the combined company’s ability to maintain relationships with clients, customers, depositors and employees or to achieve the anticipated benefits and cost savings of the merger and the bank merger. Integration efforts between the two companies could have an adverse effect on each of United and Peach State during the transition period and for an undetermined period after completion of the merger on the combined company. In addition, the actual cost savings of the merger and the bank merger could be less than anticipated.

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

The following table contains information regarding purchases of our common stock made during the quarter ended March 31, 2026 by or on behalf of United or any “affiliated purchaser,” as defined by Rule 10b-18(a)(3) of the Exchange Act:

Common Stock Repurchases
(Dollars in thousands, except for per share amounts)						Total Number of Shares Purchased						Average Price Paid per Share(1)(2)						Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs						Approximate Dollar Value of Shares that May Yet Be Purchased Under the Plans or Programs (2)(3)
January 1, 2026 - January 31, 2026						1,090,402						$	33.97					1,090,402						$	62,906
February 1, 2026 - February 28, 2026						—						—						—						62,906
March 1, 2026 - March 31, 2026						—						—						—						62,906
Total						1,090,402						$	33.97					1,090,402

 

(1) Excludes commissions.

(2) Excludes excise tax on share repurchases.

(3) Under United’s common stock repurchase program, management is authorized to repurchase up to $100 million of its common stock. The program is scheduled to expire on the earlier of the repurchase of our common stock having an aggregate purchase price of $100 million or December 31, 2026. A more detailed description of United’s common stock repurchase plan is included in our 2025 10-K.

Item 5. Other Information

During the quarter ended March 31, 2026, no director or officer of the Company adopted, modified or terminated a “Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement” or “non-Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement,” as each term is defined in Item 408(a) of Regulation S-K.

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Item 6. Exhibits

(d)     Exhibits. See Exhibit Index below.

EXHIBIT INDEX
Exhibit No.						Description
3.1						Restated Articles of Incorporation of United Community Banks, Inc. as amended through August 13, 2021 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to United Community Bank Inc.'s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ended September 30, 2021, filed on November 5, 2021).
3.2						Amended and Restated Bylaws of United Community Banks, Inc., as amended (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.2 to United Community Banks, Inc.’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ended March 31, 2015, filed with the SEC on May 11, 2015).
31.1						Certification by H. Lynn Harton, Chairman, Chief Executive Officer and President of United Community Banks, Inc., pursuant to Exchange Act Rule 13a-14(a).
31.2						Certification by Jefferson L. Harralson, Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of United Community Banks, Inc., pursuant to Exchange Act Rule 13a-14(a).
32						Certification of CEO and CFO pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350.
101						Interactive data files for United Community Bank, Inc.’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2026, formatted in Inline XBRL: (i) the Consolidated Balance Sheets (unaudited); (ii) the Consolidated Statements of Income (unaudited); (iii) the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (unaudited); (iv) the Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders’ Equity (unaudited); (v) the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (unaudited); and (vi) the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited).
104						The cover page from United Community Bank’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2026 (formatted in Inline XBRL and included in Exhibit 101)

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Signatures

 

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this Report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

 

			UNITED COMMUNITY BANKS, INC.
			/s/ H. Lynn Harton
			H. Lynn Harton
			Chairman, Chief Executive Officer and President
			(Principal Executive Officer)
			/s/ Jefferson L. Harralson
			Jefferson L. Harralson
			Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
			(Principal Financial Officer)
			/s/ Alan H. Kumler
			Alan H. Kumler
			Senior Vice President and Chief Accounting Officer
			(Principal Accounting Officer)
			Date: May 6, 2026

 

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