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Exhibit 21.1

LIGAND PHARMACEUTICALS INCORPORATED

LIST OF SUBSIDIARIES*

Name						Jurisdiction of Incorporation
Apeiron Biologics GmbH						Austria
CyDex Pharmaceuticals, Inc.						Delaware
Ligand Holdings UK Ltd.						England and Wales
Ligand UK Development Limited						England and Wales
Ligand UK Limited						England and Wales
Metabasis Therapeutics, Inc.						Delaware
Neurogen Corporation						Delaware
Pfenex Inc.						Delaware
Pharmacopeia, LLC						Delaware
Seragen, Inc.						Delaware
Vernalis Therapeutics, Inc.						Delaware

* Certain subsidiaries have been omitted because they are not significant individually or in the aggregate.