FINANCIAL SECURITY ASSURANCE INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)
March 31, 2009
FINANCIAL SECURITY ASSURANCE INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(unaudited)
March 31, 2009
CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited): |
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FINANCIAL SECURITY ASSURANCE INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (unaudited)
(in thousands, except share data)
| |
At March 31, 2009 |
At December 31, 2008 |
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|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
ASSETS |
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General investment portfolio, available for sale: |
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Bonds at fair value (amortized cost of $5,357,729 and $5,380,542) |
$ | 5,364,999 | $ | 5,264,538 | |||||
Equity securities at fair value (cost of $1,802 and $1,434) |
573 | 374 | |||||||
Short-term investments (cost of $457,346 and $615,299) |
456,831 | 616,065 | |||||||
Variable interest entities segment investment portfolio, available for sale: |
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Bonds at fair value (amortized cost of $792,020 and $923,093) |
796,129 | 923,332 | |||||||
Guaranteed investment contracts from GIC Affiliates at fair value (amortized cost of $664,750 and $695,898) |
751,304 | 801,547 | |||||||
Short-term investments (at cost which approximates fair value) |
8,910 | 8,221 | |||||||
Assets acquired in refinancing transactions (includes $170,146 and $152,527 at fair value) |
182,812 | 166,600 | |||||||
Total investment portfolio |
7,561,558 | 7,780,677 | |||||||
Cash |
37,927 | 101,151 | |||||||
Deferred acquisition costs |
297,562 | 299,321 | |||||||
Ceded unearned premium revenue |
1,385,908 | 1,011,950 | |||||||
Reinsurance recoverable on paid and unpaid losses |
325,812 | 302,124 | |||||||
Deferred tax asset |
598,705 | 796,257 | |||||||
Variable interest entities segment derivatives |
334,783 | 378,741 | |||||||
Credit derivatives |
126,385 | 287,449 | |||||||
Premiums receivable, net (See Note 3) |
815,819 | 29,638 | |||||||
Other assets (includes $115,700 and $100,000 at fair value) (See Note 14) |
848,689 | 612,827 | |||||||
TOTAL ASSETS |
$ | 12,333,148 | $ | 11,600,135 | |||||
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDER'S EQUITY |
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Unearned premium revenue |
$ | 3,991,368 | $ | 3,052,879 | |||||
Loss and loss adjustment expense reserve |
2,033,119 | 1,992,178 | |||||||
Variable interest entities segment debt (includes $546,036 and $799,086 at fair value) |
970,657 | 1,243,640 | |||||||
Notes payable to affiliate |
166,224 | 172,499 | |||||||
Credit derivatives |
816,633 | 1,543,809 | |||||||
Other liabilities |
616,551 | 232,900 | |||||||
TOTAL LIABILITIES |
8,594,552 | 8,237,905 | |||||||
COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES (See Note 17) |
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FINANCIAL SECURITY ASSURANCE INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES SHAREHOLDER'S EQUITY |
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Preferred stock (5,000.1 shares authorized; 0 shared issued and outstanding; par value of $1,000 per share) |
— | — | |||||||
Common stock (330 and 330 shares authorized; issued and outstanding; par value of $45,455 and $45,455 per share) |
15,000 | 15,000 | |||||||
Additional paid-in capital |
1,410,202 | 1,410,202 | |||||||
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), net of deferred income tax (benefit) provision of $1,942 and $(40,696) |
3,600 | (75,585 | ) | ||||||
Accumulated earnings |
1,174,327 | 901,373 | |||||||
TOTAL FINANCIAL SECURITY ASSURANCE INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES SHAREHOLDER'S EQUITY |
2,603,129 | 2,250,990 | |||||||
Noncontrolling interest |
1,135,467 | 1,111,240 | |||||||
TOTAL SHAREHOLDER'S EQUITY |
3,738,596 | 3,362,230 | |||||||
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDER'S EQUITY |
$ | 12,333,148 | $ | 11,600,135 | |||||
The accompany notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements (unaudited).
1
FINANCIAL SECURITY ASSURANCE INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS (unaudited)
(in thousands)
| |
Three Months Ended March 31, |
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|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
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2009 | 2008 | ||||||||
REVENUES |
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Net premiums earned |
$ | 83,852 | $ | 84,550 | ||||||
Net investment income from general investment portfolio |
62,575 | 64,476 | ||||||||
Net realized gains (losses) from general investment portfolio |
(5,836 | ) | (231 | ) | ||||||
Net change in fair value of credit derivatives: |
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Realized gains (losses) and other settlements |
(45,754 | ) | 36,179 | |||||||
Net unrealized gains (losses) |
573,194 | (489,134 | ) | |||||||
Net change in fair value of credit derivatives |
527,440 | (452,955 | ) | |||||||
Net interest income from variable interest entities segment |
11,953 | 24,510 | ||||||||
Net realized gains (losses) from variable interest entities segment |
(124,618 | ) | — | |||||||
Net realized and unrealized gains (losses) on derivative instruments |
(80,167 | ) | 187,898 | |||||||
Net unrealized gains (losses) on financial instruments at fair value |
300,562 | (119,895 | ) | |||||||
Income from assets acquired in refinancing transactions |
2,172 | 3,722 | ||||||||
Other income (loss) |
(28,214 | ) | 16,715 | |||||||
TOTAL REVENUES |
749,719 | (191,210 | ) | |||||||
EXPENSES |
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Losses and loss adjustment expenses |
153,118 | 300,429 | ||||||||
Interest expense |
2,529 | 3,746 | ||||||||
Amortization of deferred acquisition costs |
8,988 | 15,829 | ||||||||
Foreign exchange (gains) losses from variable interest entities segment |
(16,588 | ) | 13,252 | |||||||
Interest expense from variable interest entities segment |
27,819 | 36,509 | ||||||||
Other operating expenses |
31,830 | 23,735 | ||||||||
TOTAL EXPENSES |
207,696 | 393,500 | ||||||||
INCOME (LOSS) BEFORE INCOME TAXES |
542,023 | (584,710 | ) | |||||||
Provision (benefit) for income taxes |
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Current |
(32,484 | ) | (88,876 | ) | ||||||
Deferred |
188,929 | (149,404 | ) | |||||||
Total provision (benefit) |
156,445 | (238,280 | ) | |||||||
NET INCOME (LOSS) |
385,578 | (346,430 | ) | |||||||
Less: Noncontrolling interest |
39,452 | 25,060 | ||||||||
NET INCOME (LOSS) OF FINANCIAL SECURITY ASSURANCE INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES |
$ | 346,126 | $ | (371,490 | ) | |||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements (unaudited).
2
FINANCIAL SECURITY ASSURANCE INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (unaudited)
(in thousands)
| |
Three Months Ended March 31, |
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|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
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2009 | 2008 | |||||||
NET INCOME (LOSS) |
$ | 385,578 | $ | (346,430 | ) | ||||
Unrealized gains (losses) on available-for-sale securities arising during the period, net of deferred income tax provision (benefit) of $39,066 and $(7,546) |
(67,293 | ) | (1,887 | ) | |||||
Less: reclassification adjustment for gains (losses) included in net income, net of deferred income tax provision (benefit) of $(3,572) and $727 |
(131,253 | ) | 1,349 | ||||||
Total change in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) |
63,960 | (3,236 | ) | ||||||
OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS) |
449,538 | (349,666 | ) | ||||||
COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS) ATTRIBUTABLE TO NONCONTROLLING INTEREST |
24,227 | 37,158 | |||||||
COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS) OF FINANCIAL SECURITY ASSURANCE INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES |
$ | 425,311 | $ | (386,824 | ) | ||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements (unaudited).
3
FINANCIAL SECURITY ASSURANCE INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (unaudited)
(in thousands)
| |
Three Months Ended March 31, |
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|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
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2009 | 2008 | ||||||||
Cash flows from operating activities: |
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Premiums received, net |
$ | 32,407 | $ | 168,328 | ||||||
Credit derivative net inflows (outflows) |
(35,630 | ) | 32,819 | |||||||
Other operating expenses paid, net |
(45,786 | ) | (129,186 | ) | ||||||
Losses and loss adjustment expenses paid, net |
(196,300 | ) | (67,831 | ) | ||||||
Net investment income received from general investment portfolio |
66,592 | 59,996 | ||||||||
Federal income taxes paid |
(18,762 | ) | (8,192 | ) | ||||||
Interest paid |
(2,538 | ) | (3,777 | ) | ||||||
Interest paid on variable interest entities segment |
(498 | ) | (2,487 | ) | ||||||
Net investment income received from variable interest entities segment |
4,586 | 9,833 | ||||||||
Net derivative payments in variable interest entities segment |
(2,534 | ) | (6,038 | ) | ||||||
Income received from assets acquired in refinancing transactions |
2,662 | 3,739 | ||||||||
Other |
(620 | ) | 2,403 | |||||||
Net cash provided by (used for) operating activities |
(196,421 | ) | 59,607 | |||||||
Cash flows from investing activities: |
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General investment portfolio: |
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Proceeds from sales of bonds |
142,604 | 878,099 | ||||||||
Proceeds from maturities of bonds |
63,711 | 46,717 | ||||||||
Purchases of bonds |
(219,859 | ) | (1,335,774 | ) | ||||||
Net (increase) decrease in short-term investments |
159,217 | (81,946 | ) | |||||||
Variable interest entities segment investment portfolio: |
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Proceeds from maturities of bonds |
— | 14,500 | ||||||||
Net (increase) decrease in short-term |
(690 | ) | (653 | ) | ||||||
Other: |
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Paydowns of assets acquired in refinancing transactions |
6,109 | 13,953 | ||||||||
Proceeds from sales of assets acquired in refinancing transactions |
487 | 1,129 | ||||||||
Purchases of property, plant and equipment |
(16 | ) | (594 | ) | ||||||
Other investments |
(621 | ) | 818 | |||||||
Net cash provided by (used for) investing activities |
150,942 | (463,751 | ) | |||||||
Cash flows from financing activities: |
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Capital contribution |
— | 500,000 | ||||||||
Dividends paid |
(10,000 | ) | — | |||||||
Repayment of notes payable to affiliate |
(6,274 | ) | (14,523 | ) | ||||||
Repayment of variable interest entities segment debt |
(97 | ) | (14,500 | ) | ||||||
Repurchase of shares |
— | (50,000 | ) | |||||||
Other |
(1,016 | ) | (1,168 | ) | ||||||
Net cash provided by (used for) financing activities |
(17,387 | ) | 419,809 | |||||||
Effect of changes in foreign exchange rates on cash balances |
(358 | ) | 242 | |||||||
Net increase (decrease) in cash |
(63,224 | ) | 15,907 | |||||||
Cash at beginning of period |
101,151 | 21,770 | ||||||||
Cash at end of period |
$ | 37,927 | $ | 37,677 | ||||||
Non-cash items: |
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Derivative collateral |
$ | (31,148 | ) | $ | 29,880 | |||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements (unaudited).
4
FINANCIAL SECURITY ASSURANCE INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited)
1. ORGANIZATION AND OWNERSHIP
Financial Security Assurance Inc. ("FSA" or together with its consolidated entities, the "Company"), a wholly owned subsidiary of Financial Security Assurance Holdings Ltd. (the "Parent"), is an insurance company domiciled in the State of New York. The Company provides financial guaranty insurance on public finance obligations in domestic and international markets. Historically, the Company also provided financial guaranty insurance on asset-backed obligations. In August 2008, the Company announced that it would cease insuring asset-backed obligations and instead participate exclusively in the global public finance financial guaranty business. The Company operates in two business segments: a financial guaranty segment and a variable interest entities ("VIE") segment.
Within the financial guaranty segment, the Company insures guaranteed investment contracts ("GICs") issued by its affiliates FSA Capital Management Services LLC ("FSACM"), FSA Capital Markets Services (Caymans) Ltd. and FSA Capital Markets Services LLC (collectively, the "GIC Affiliates"). In November 2008, the GIC Affiliates ceased issuing GICs in contemplation of the sale of the Company and Parent to Assured Guaranty Ltd. ("Assured"). While the Company has ceased new originations of asset-backed financial guaranty business and the GIC Affiliates have ceased issuing GICs, a substantial portfolio of such obligations remains outstanding.
The Parent is a direct subsidiary of Dexia Holdings, Inc. ("Dexia Holdings"), which, in turn, is owned 90% by Dexia Crédit Local S.A. ("Dexia Crédit Local") and 10% by Dexia S.A. ("Dexia"). Dexia is a Belgian corporation primarily engaged in the business of public finance, banking and investment management in France, Belgium, Luxembourg and other European countries, as well as in the United States. Dexia Crédit Local is a wholly owned subsidiary of Dexia. At March 31, 2009, Dexia Holdings Inc. ("Dexia Holdings") owned over 99% of outstanding Parent's shares; the only other holders of the Parent's common stock were directors of the Parent who owned shares of the Parent's common stock or economic interests therein under the Parent's Director Share Purchase Program.
Expected Sale of the Company
Purchase Agreement with Assured Guaranty Ltd.
In November 2008, Dexia Holdings entered into a purchase agreement (the "Purchase Agreement") providing for the sale of all Parent shares owned by Dexia to Assured (the "Acquisition"), subject to the consummation of specified closing conditions, including, absence of rating impairment, segregation or separation of the Parent's financial products ("FP") operations from the Parent's financial guaranty operations and regulatory approvals.
Under the Hart-Scott-Rodino Antitrust Improvements Act of 1976 (the "HSR Act") and the rules promulgated thereunder by the Federal Trade Commission (the "FTC"), the Acquisition may not be consummated until notifications have been given and certain information has been furnished to the FTC and the Department of Justice (the "DOJ") and specified waiting period requirements have been satisfied. The HSR Act waiting period expired on January 21, 2009. In addition, under the insurance holding company laws and regulations applicable to the Company and the insurance company subsidiaries of Assured, before a person can acquire control of a U.S. insurance company, prior written approval must be obtained from the insurance commissioner of the state where the insurer is domiciled. Assured has informed the Parent that Assured received approval from the insurance departments of the States of New York and Oklahoma and the U.K. Financial Services Authority. Dexia has informed the Parent that the U.K. Financial Services Authority has approved its application in connection with its acquisition of Assured common shares pursuant to the Purchase Agreement, and
5
FINANCIAL SECURITY ASSURANCE INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited) (Continued)
1. ORGANIZATION AND OWNERSHIP (Continued)
that it has filed disclaimers of control with the insurance departments of the states of Maryland, New York, and Oklahoma.
Satisfying all three rating agencies that the necessary steps have or will be taken to transfer the Parent's FP segment credit and liquidity risk to Dexia is one of the last conditions to the Purchase Agreement closing. Rating agency confirmation that the Acquisition will not have a negative impact on the financial strength ratings of Assured's insurance company subsidiaries or the Company is a condition for closing, and is beyond the Company's or the Parent's control.
The Company cannot estimate whether or when the remaining closing conditions will be satisfied or relevant agreements negotiated, whether the Acquisition will be completed and, if completed, whether it will be structured as currently contemplated, or what the effects of the change in control or removal of the Parent's FP operations will be on the Company and its results of operations. If the Acquisition is not carried out, Dexia may explore other options with respect to the Parent and its subsidiaries, including selling the Parent or some of its operations to a third party or ceasing to write new business, which may have a material adverse effect on the Company.
Dexia's Retention of the Parent's FP Operations
Under the Purchase Agreement, Dexia is expected to retain the Parent's FP operations after the Acquisition. The Parent's FP operations includes the Company's VIE segment. The Purchase Agreement provides that Dexia will provide guarantees with respect to the FP operation assets and liabilities, including derivative contracts, and anticipates that some of its guarantees will benefit from guarantees provided by the French and Belgian states. Dexia Holdings agreed that if such sovereign guarantees are provided, it will cause Parent to transfer the ownership interests of certain of the subsidiaries that conduct the FP operations, or all the assets and liabilities of such subsidiaries, to Dexia Holdings or one of its affiliates in form reasonably acceptable to Assured.
Financial Guaranty
Financial guaranty insurance generally provides an unconditional and irrevocable guarantee that protects the holder of a financial obligation against non-payment of principal and interest when due. Upon a payment default on an insured obligation, the Company is generally required to pay the principal, interest or other amounts due in accordance with the obligation's original payment schedule or, at its option, to pay such amounts on an accelerated basis.
Obligations insured by the Company are generally awarded ratings on the basis of the financial strength ratings given to the Company's insurance company subsidiaries by the major securities rating agencies. On March 31, 2009, the Company was rated Triple-A (negative credit watch) by Standard & Poor's Ratings Services ("S&P") and Fitch Ratings ("Fitch") and Aa3 (developing outlook) by Moody's Investors Service, Inc. ("Moody's"). On May 11, 2009, Fitch lowered the rating of the Company to AA+ (negative credit watch). Prior to the third quarter of 2008, the Company's insurance company subsidiaries, as well as the obligations they insured, had been awarded Triple-A ratings by the three major rating agencies. Fitch reported that the downgrade in May of the Company to AA+ by Fitch was attributable to the Company's credit exposure to the AA+ rating of the Kingdom of Belgium in connection with the separation of the FP operations from the Parent.
6
FINANCIAL SECURITY ASSURANCE INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited) (Continued)
1. ORGANIZATION AND OWNERSHIP (Continued)
The global financial crisis that began in 2007 in the U.S. subprime residential mortgage market transformed the financial guaranty industry. By the end of November 2008, all of the monoline guarantors that had been rated Triple-A at the beginning of the year had been downgraded in varying degrees by Moody's, and all but one had been either downgraded or placed on negative outlook or negative credit watch by S&P and Fitch. FSA and the Company's other insurance company subsidiaries were among the last companies to be affected, and were rated "Triple-A/stable" by all three rating agencies until July 2008. Rating agencies raised concerns about the stability of FSA's rating during the second half of 2008, and Moody's lowered FSA's Aaa rating to Aa3 (developing outlook) in November. These developments, combined with illiquidity in the capital markets, led to a marked reduction in FSA's production in the second half of 2008 and the first quarter of 2009.
Public finance obligations insured by the Company consist primarily of general obligation bonds supported by the issuers' taxing powers, tax-supported bonds and revenue bonds and other obligations of states, their political subdivisions and other municipal issuers supported by the issuers' or obligors' covenant to impose and collect fees and charges for public services or specific projects. Public finance obligations include obligations backed by the cash flow from leases or other revenues from projects serving substantial public purposes, including government office buildings, toll roads, health care facilities and utilities.
Asset-backed obligations insured by the Company were generally issued in structured transactions and are backed by pools of assets such as residential mortgage loans, consumer or trade receivables, securities or other assets having an ascertainable cash flow or market value. The Company insured synthetic asset-backed obligations that generally took the form of credit default swap ("CDS") obligations or credit-linked notes that reference asset-backed securities ("ABS") or pools of securities or other obligations, with a defined deductible to cover credit risks associated with the referenced securities or loans.
The Company has refinanced certain poorly performing transactions by employing refinancing vehicles to raise funds, prepay the claim obligations and take control of the assets. These refinancing vehicles are consolidated with the Company and considered part of the financial guaranty segment.
Variable Interest Entities
The Company consolidates the results of VIEs where it is the primary beneficiary. These VIEs include FSA Global Funding Limited ("FSA Global") and Premier International Funding Co. ("Premier"). The Company does not own an equity interest in the VIEs.
FSA Global is a special purpose funding vehicle partially owned by a subsidiary of the Parent. FSA Global issues FSA-insured medium term notes and generally invests the proceeds from the sale of its notes in FSA-insured GICs or other FSA-insured obligations with a view to realizing the yield difference between the notes issued and the obligations purchased with the note proceeds. Premier is principally engaged in leveraged lease transactions.
The Company's management believes that the assets held by FSA Global and Premier, including those that are eliminated in consolidation, are beyond the reach of the Company's creditors, even in bankruptcy or other receivership. Substantially all of the assets of FSA Global are pledged to secure the repayment, on a pro rata basis, of FSA Global's notes and its other obligations.
7
FINANCIAL SECURITY ASSURANCE INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited) (Continued)
2. BASIS OF PRESENTATION
The accompanying Consolidated Financial Statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America ("GAAP") for interim financial statements and, in the opinion of management, reflect all adjustments, which include normal recurring adjustments necessary for a fair statement of the financial position, results of operations and cash flows as of and for the period ended March 31, 2009 and for all periods presented. These Consolidated Financial Statements should be read in conjunction with the Consolidated Financial Statements and notes thereto included as an exhibit to the Parent's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2008. The accompanying Consolidated Financial Statements have not been audited by an independent registered public accounting firm in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). The December 31, 2008 consolidated balance sheet was derived from audited financial statements, but does not include all disclosures required by GAAP. The results of operations for the periods ended March 31, 2009 and 2008 are not necessarily indicative of the operating results for the full year. Certain prior-year balances have been reclassified to conform to the 2009 presentation, including the presentation of noncontrolling interests (previously "minority interests") in accordance with Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") Statement of Financial Accounting Standard ("SFAS") No. 160, "Noncontrolling Interests in Consolidated Financial Statements" ("SFAS 160").
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make extensive estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities in the Company's consolidated balance sheets at March 31, 2009 and December 31, 2008, the reported amounts of revenues and expenses in the consolidated statements of operations during the three months ended March 31, 2009 and 2008 and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. Such estimates and assumptions include, but are not limited to, loss and loss adjustment expenses, fair value of financial instruments, the determination of other-than-temporary impairment ("OTTI"), the deferral and amortization of policy acquisition costs, expected lives, debt service schedules of certain financial guaranty contracts and taxes. Actual results may differ from those estimates.
Special Purpose Entities
Asset-backed and, to a lesser extent, public finance transactions insured by the Company may have employed special purpose entities for a variety of purposes. A typical asset-backed transaction, for example, employs a special purpose entity as the purchaser of the securitized assets and as the issuer of the insured obligations. Special purpose entities are typically owned by transaction sponsors or charitable trusts, although the Company may have an ownership interest in some cases. The Company generally maintains certain contractual rights and exercises varying degrees of influence over special purpose entity issuers of FSA-insured obligations.
The Company also bears some of the "risks and rewards" associated with the performance of those special purpose entities' assets. Specifically, as issuer of the financial guaranty insurance policy insuring a given special purpose entity's obligations, the Company bears the risk of asset performance (typically, but not always, after a significant depletion of overcollateralization, excess spread, a deductible or other credit protection).
The Company's underwriting guidelines for public finance obligations generally require that a transaction be rated investment grade when FSA's insurance is applied. The Company's underwriting guidelines for asset-backed obligations, which it followed prior to its August 2008 decision to cease
8
FINANCIAL SECURITY ASSURANCE INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited) (Continued)
2. BASIS OF PRESENTATION (Continued)
insuring such obligations, varied by obligation type in order to reflect different structures and types of credit support. The Company sought to insure asset-backed obligations that generally provided for one or more forms of overcollateralization or third-party protection. In addition, the special purpose entity typically pays a periodic premium to the Company in consideration of the issuance by the Company of its insurance policy, with the special purpose entity's assets typically serving as the source of payment of such premium, thereby providing some of the "rewards" of the special purpose entity's assets to the Company. Special purpose entities are also employed by the Company in connection with secondary market transactions and with refinancing underperforming, non-investment grade transactions insured by FSA.
The degree of influence exercised by the Company over these special purpose entities varies from transaction to transaction, as does the degree to which "risks and rewards" associated with asset performance are assumed by FSA. In analyzing special purpose entities described above, the Company considers reinsurance to be an implicit variable interest. Where the Company determines it is required to consolidate the special purpose entity, the outstanding exposure is excluded from outstanding exposure amounts reported.
The Company is required to consolidate special purpose entities that are considered variable interest entities where the Company is considered the primary beneficiary.
In determining whether the Company is the Primary Beneficiary of a particular variable interest entity, a number of factors are considered. The significant factors considered are: the design of the entity and the risks it was created to pass-along to variable interest holders; the extent of credit risk absorbed by the Company through its insurance contract and the extent to which credit protection provided by other variable interest holders reduces this exposure; the exposure that the Company cedes to third party reinsurers, to reduce the extent of expected loss which the Company absorbs; and the portion of the variable interest entity's total notional exposure covered by the Company's insurance policy. The Company's accounting policy is to first conduct a qualitative analysis based on the design of the variable interest entity in order to identify whether it is the primary beneficiary. Should the qualitative analysis not provide a basis for conclusion, the Company performs a quantitative analysis in order to determine if it is the primary beneficiary of the variable interest entity under review.
In considering the significance of its interest in a particular variable interest entity, the Company considers the extent to which both the variability it absorbs from the variable interest entity and the Company's exposure to that variable interest entity are material to the Company's own financial statements. The Company believes that its surveillance categories are an appropriate measure to use for identification of variable interest entities in which the Company absorbs other than insignificant variability. Variable interest entities selected for this purpose are related to risks classified as surveillance Category IV, defined as "demonstrating sufficient deterioration to indicate that material credit losses are possible," or risks classified as surveillance Category V, defined as "transactions where losses are most probable." The Company believes that variable interest entity-related risks classified as surveillance Categories IV and V are variable interest entities in which the Company absorbs a significant portion of the variability created by the particular variable interest entity. For a more detailed description of the surveillance categories used by the Company, see Note 3.
Variable interest entities in which the Company holds a significant variable interest but which are not consolidated have been aggregated according to principle line of business for the purpose of disclosing the nature and extent of the Company's exposure to such variable interest entities. The
9
FINANCIAL SECURITY ASSURANCE INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited) (Continued)
2. BASIS OF PRESENTATION (Continued)
Company aggregates such variable interest entities according to principle line of business, to appropriately reflect the variable interest entity risk and reward characteristics in an aggregated manner. The table below displays the Company's exposure to these variable interest entities at March 31, 2009.
Non-Consolidated Variable Interest Entities
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At March 31, 2009 | ||||||||||||||
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Liability | |
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Number of Variable Interest Entities |
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Net Loss and Loss Adjustment Expense Reserve |
Fair Value of Credit Derivatives |
Net Par Outstanding |
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(dollars in thousands) |
||||||||||||||
Asset-backed: |
|||||||||||||||
Domestic |
|||||||||||||||
Residential mortgages |
$ | 1,330,694 | $ | 6,703 | $ | 8,954,176 | 69 | ||||||||
Consumer receivables |
49 | — | 339,992 | 2 | |||||||||||
Pooled corporate |
13,508 | 39,550 | 190,754 | 5 | |||||||||||
Other |
— | 13,617 | 125,711 | 1 | |||||||||||
Total asset-backed |
1,344,251 | 59,870 | 9,610,633 | 77 | |||||||||||
Public finance: |
|||||||||||||||
Domestic |
105,149 | — | 187,462 | 6 | |||||||||||
International |
13,771 | 39,550 | 606,957 | 8 | |||||||||||
Total public finance |
118,920 | 39,550 | 794,419 | 14 | |||||||||||
Total |
$ | 1,463,171 | $ | 99,420 | $ | 10,405,052 | 91 | ||||||||
FSA's interest in these non-consolidated variable interest entities is included in "loss and loss adjustment expense reserve" and "credit derivatives" in the Company's balance sheet.
The Company has consolidated the variable interest entities FSA Global and Premier, for which it has determined that it is the primary beneficiary. The table below shows the carrying value and classification of the consolidated variable interest entities assets and liabilities in the Company's financial statements:
Consolidated Variable Interest Entities
| |
At March 31, 2009 | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| |
Total Assets |
Total Liabilities |
Noncontrolling Interest |
|||||||
| |
(in thousands) |
|||||||||
FSA Global/Premier. |
$ | 2,188,704 | $ | 1,053,237 | $ | 1,135,467 | ||||
FSA guarantees the assets held and the notes issued by FSA Global. As a result, FSA is exposed to the risk of non-payment of the assets held by FSA Global. There are no other arrangements, either explicit or implicit, which could require the Company to provide financial support to the variable interest entities.
10
FINANCIAL SECURITY ASSURANCE INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited) (Continued)
3. ACCOUNTING FOR FINANCIAL GUARANTEE INSURANCE
Effective January 1, 2009, the Company adopted SFAS No. 163, "Accounting for Financial Guarantee Insurance Contracts" ("SFAS 163"). SFAS 163 changed the Company's premium revenue recognition and loss reserving methodology. The change in the premium revenue recognition model also changed the amount of deferred acquisition cost previously amortized, as such amortization is recognized in proportion to premium earnings. The cumulative effect of the adoption of SFAS 163 was a $63.2 million after-tax decrease to the opening retained earnings balance. The retained earnings adjustment was comprised of a $31.0 million after-tax increase in net loss reserves and a $32.2 million after-tax adjustment for inception-to-date premium earnings, net of the amortization of deferred acquisition costs. As a result of the adoption of SFAS 163, premium earnings and loss and loss adjustment expenses are not comparable between 2008 and 2009.
Premium Revenue Recognition
Under SFAS 163 unearned premium revenue for premiums paid in installments is equal to the present value of premiums expected to be collected over the period of the financial guarantee contract based on either the expected or contractual life. The present value of uncollected premiums expected to be collected over the period of the financial guarantee contract is recorded as "premiums receivable" on the balance sheet. Accretion of the discount on premium receivable is recorded in "net premiums earned." The discount rate applied to discount premiums is the risk-free rate based on the country of exposure and the term to maturity of the policy. Discount rates are updated only when the debt repayment schedule changes on contracts where the expected lives are used. The term to maturity equals the expected period only if a homogeneous pool of assets underlies the insured financial obligation and the timing and amount of prepayments is reasonably estimated. When premiums receivable are determined to be uncollectible they are written off by recording a reduction of the premium receivable asset.
If a single premium is paid at inception of the financial guarantee contract, the unearned premium is measured as the amount received.
Regardless of frequency and timing of payment, premiums are recognized in earnings over the period of the contract in proportion to the amount of insurance protection provided, with a corresponding decrease in unearned premium revenue. The amount of insurance protection provided is a function of the insured principal amount outstanding. Therefore, the proportionate share of premium revenue recognized in a given period is a constant rate calculated based on the relationship between the insured principal outstanding in a given reporting period compared with the sum of the insured principal amounts outstanding for all periods. Accordingly, the premium revenue for each reporting period is determined by multiplying the insured principal amount outstanding for that period by the ratio of (a) the total present value of the premium due or expected to be collected over the period of the contract to (b) the sum of all insured principal amounts outstanding during each reporting period over the contractual or expected period of the contract.
Premium revenue and the related amortization of deferred acquisition costs are accelerated when the Company is legally released from its financial guarantee insurance contract.
For premiums denominated in a foreign currency, premiums receivable are revalued at each reporting date based on foreign exchange rates in effect at the reporting date. Unearned premium revenue is recorded at historical rates.
11
FINANCIAL SECURITY ASSURANCE INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited) (Continued)
3. ACCOUNTING FOR FINANCIAL GUARANTEE INSURANCE (Continued)
For financial guarantee insurance contracts where premiums are received over the period of the contract, rather than at inception, the table below presents the unearned premium revenue, the weighted-average risk-free rate used to discount the premiums expected to be collected and the weighted-average period of the premium receivable.
Unearned Premium Revenue for Policies Paid in Installments
| |
At March 31, 2009 |
At January 1, 2009 |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| |
(dollars in millions) |
||||||
Gross unearned premium revenue |
$ | 1,039.9 | $ | 1,082.6 | |||
Net unearned premium revenue |
$ | 625.2 | $ | 651.2 | |||
Weighted average risk-free rate |
3.05 | % | 3.05 | % | |||
Weighted average period of premium receivable (in years) |
10.24 | 10.48 | |||||
The tables below represent a schedule of premiums expected to be collected and earned in the future and a rollforward of premiums receivable.
Schedule of Projected Net Premium Earnings and Collections
| |
At March 31, 2009 | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| |
Projected Net Premium Earnings(1) |
Projected Net Premium Collections(2) |
||||||
| |
(in thousands) |
|||||||
2nd Qtr. 2009 |
$ | 59,438 | $ | 19,543 | ||||
3rd |
57,036 | 17,026 | ||||||
4th |
55,510 | 19,000 | ||||||
2010 |
206,677 |
54,051 |
||||||
2011 |
188,135 | 45,578 | ||||||
2012 |
172,459 | 40,175 | ||||||
2013 |
158,572 | 36,110 | ||||||
2014–2018 |
651,085 |
149,732 |
||||||
2019–2023 |
438,076 | 101,285 | ||||||
2024–2028 |
279,377 | 75,211 | ||||||
2029+ |
339,095 | 111,144 | ||||||
Total |
$ | 2,605,460 | $ | 668,855 | ||||
12
FINANCIAL SECURITY ASSURANCE INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited) (Continued)
3. ACCOUNTING FOR FINANCIAL GUARANTEE INSURANCE (Continued)
Gross Premium Receivable Rollforward
| |
At March 31, 2009 | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| |
(in thousands) |
|||||
Premium receivable at January 1 |
$ | 870,378 | ||||
Premium payments received |
(38,092 | ) | ||||
Adjustments to the premium receivable: |
||||||
Adjustments for changes in the period of a financial guarantee insurance contract |
(6,418 | ) | ||||
Accretion of the premium receivable discount |
5,698 | |||||
Foreign exchange rate changes |
(13,001 | ) | ||||
Other adjustments |
(2,746 | ) | ||||
Premium receivable at March 31 |
$ | 815,819 | ||||
The following table presents the components of net premiums earned.
| |
Three Months Ended March 31, 2009 |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| |
(in thousands) |
||||
Net premiums earned |
$ | 66,700 | |||
Acceleration of premiums earnings |
13,766 | ||||
Accretion of discount |
3,386 | ||||
Total net premiums earned and accretion |
$ | 83,852 | |||
Loss and Loss Adjustment Expense Recognition
Loss and loss adjustment expense reserves are established at the policy level only when the Company's expected loss exceeds the unearned premium revenue. Expected loss is based on a calculation of the present value of expected net cash outflows, probability-weighted to reflect the likelihood of possible outcomes. The discount rates used are the risk-free rates based on the timing of expected cash flows, and are updated quarterly.
13
FINANCIAL SECURITY ASSURANCE INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited) (Continued)
3. ACCOUNTING FOR FINANCIAL GUARANTEE INSURANCE (Continued)
The following table presents the activity in net loss and loss adjustment expense reserves.
Reconciliation of Net Loss and Loss Adjustment Expense Reserve
| |
Three Months Ended March 31, 2009 | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| |
Non-Specific Reserves |
Specific Reserves |
Loss and Loss Adjustment Expense Reserve |
||||||||
| |
(in thousands) |
||||||||||
December 31, 2008 balance |
$ | 154,445 | $ | 1,535,609 | $ | 1,690,054 | |||||
Cumulative effect of change in accounting principle |
(154,445 | ) | 202,091 | 47,646 | |||||||
January 1, 2009 balance |
— | 1,737,700 | 1,737,700 | ||||||||
Incurred |
— | 153,118 | 153,118 | ||||||||
Payments and other decreases |
— | (183,511 | ) | (183,511 | ) | ||||||
March 31, 2009 balance |
$ | — | $ | 1,707,307 | $ | 1,707,307 | |||||
The following tables present the components of transactions with loss and loss adjustment expense ("LAE") reserves by sector. Because prior year information has not been restated in accordance with SFAS 163, the amounts are determined under different accounting methods.
Loss and Loss Adjustment Expense Reserve Summary by Sector
| |
At March 31, 2009 | ||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| |
Gross Par Outstanding |
Net Par Outstanding |
Gross Loss and Loss Adjustment Expense Reserve |
Net Loss and Loss Adjustment Expense Reserve |
Number of Risks |
||||||||||||
| |
(dollars in thousands) |
||||||||||||||||
Asset-backed—HELOCs |
$ | 5,807,133 | $ | 4,780,250 | $ | 710,043 | $ | 565,610 | 16 | ||||||||
Asset-backed—Alt-A CES |
988,126 | 943,473 | 300,928 | 286,755 | 5 | ||||||||||||
Asset-backed—Option ARM |
2,651,355 | 2,496,523 | 428,162 | 396,873 | 14 | ||||||||||||
Asset-backed—Alt-A first lien |
1,611,425 | 1,488,544 | 175,456 | 160,629 | 16 | ||||||||||||
Asset-backed—NIMs |
120,738 | 114,545 | 27,437 | 26,899 | 8 | ||||||||||||
Asset-backed—Subprime |
2,308,726 | 2,222,480 | 88,082 | 81,413 | 17 | ||||||||||||
Asset-backed—other |
2,449,883 | 1,990,983 | 25,752 | 20,657 | 33 | ||||||||||||
Public finance |
11,857,397 | 6,375,342 | 261,815 | 153,027 | 194 | ||||||||||||
Financial Products Portfolio(1) |
13,465,274 | 13,465,274 | 15,444 | 15,444 | 1 | ||||||||||||
Total |
$ | 41,260,057 | $ | 33,877,414 | $ | 2,033,119 | $ | 1,707,307 | 304 | ||||||||
14
FINANCIAL SECURITY ASSURANCE INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited) (Continued)
3. ACCOUNTING FOR FINANCIAL GUARANTEE INSURANCE (Continued)
| |
At December 31, 2008(2) | ||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| |
Gross Par Outstanding |
Net Par Outstanding |
Gross Specific Reserve |
Net Specific Reserve |
Number of Risks |
||||||||||||
| |
(dollars in thousands) |
||||||||||||||||
Asset-backed—HELOCs |
$ | 4,833,059 | $ | 3,853,788 | $ | 745,790 | $ | 593,752 | 10 | ||||||||
Asset-backed—Alt-A CES |
999,475 | 954,296 | 245,702 | 234,158 | 5 | ||||||||||||
Asset-backed—Option ARM |
1,674,743 | 1,587,145 | 282,131 | 260,599 | 9 | ||||||||||||
Asset-backed—Alt-A first lien |
1,226,480 | 1,122,333 | 106,545 | 96,327 | 10 | ||||||||||||
Asset-backed—NIMs |
90,070 | 85,341 | 15,961 | 15,817 | 3 | ||||||||||||
Asset-backed—Subprime |
298,457 | 280,128 | 24,521 | 20,757 | 5 | ||||||||||||
Asset-backed—other |
54,491 | 50,969 | 13,685 | 12,933 | 3 | ||||||||||||
Public finance |
1,238,816 | 698,708 | 172,063 | 88,082 | 6 | ||||||||||||
Financial Products Portfolio(1) |
1,672,616 | 1,672,616 | 213,184 | 213,184 | 73 | ||||||||||||
Total specific reserve |
$ | 12,088,207 | $ | 10,305,324 | $ | 1,819,582 | $ | 1,535,609 | 124 | ||||||||
In the three months ended March 31, 2009, loss and loss adjustment expense was $153.1 million. The expense was driven primarily by deteriorating credit performance in home equity line of credit ("HELOC"), Alt-A closed-end second-lien mortgage ("CES") securities, Option Adjustable Rate Mortgage ("Option ARM") transactions, Alt-A first lien mortgages and public finance transactions offset in part by a reduction in reserves related to FP portfolio.
Losses paid is primarily driven by HELOC transactions. Generally, once the overcollateralization is exhausted on an insured HELOC transaction, the Company pays a claim if losses in a period exceed excess spread for the period. To the extent excess spread exceeds losses, the Company is reimbursed for any losses paid to date. In the first quarter of 2009, the Company paid net claims of $182.4 million on HELOC transactions. This brought the inception to date net claim payments on HELOC transactions to $807.7 million. There were no claims paid on most other classes of insured transactions through March 31, 2009. Most claim payments on Alt-A CES are not payable until 2036 or later. Option ARM claim payments are expected to start in 2010.
The Company assigns each insured credit to one of five designated surveillance categories to facilitate the appropriate allocation of resources to monitoring, loss mitigation efforts and rating the credit condition of each risk exposure. Such categorization is determined in part by the risk of loss and in part by the level of routine involvement required. The surveillance categories are organized as follows:
15
FINANCIAL SECURITY ASSURANCE INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited) (Continued)
3. ACCOUNTING FOR FINANCIAL GUARANTEE INSURANCE (Continued)
The tables below present the gross and net par and interest outstanding and unearned premium revenue in the insured portfolio for risks classified as described above:
Par and Interest Outstanding
(Excluding Credit Derivatives)
| |
At March 31, 2009 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| |
Gross Par |
Gross Interest |
Net Par |
Net Interest |
No. of risks |
Weighted Avg Life |
Gross Unearned Premium Revenue |
Net Unearned Premium Revenue |
||||||||||||||||||
| |
(dollars in millions) |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
Categories I and II |
$ | 446,012 | $ | 266,049 | $ | 338,991 | $ | 191,600 | 11,261 | 12.6 | $ | 3,668 | $ | 2,419 | ||||||||||||
Category III |
16,226 | 6,478 | 11,654 | 3,688 | 135 | 7.2 | 215 | 114 | ||||||||||||||||||
Category IV |
2,069 | 917 | 1,705 | 657 | 9 | 8.5 | 52 | 26 | ||||||||||||||||||
Category V with claim payments |
9,518 | 2,665 | 8,091 | 2,305 | 58 | 5.7 | 56 | 46 | ||||||||||||||||||
Total |
$ | 473,825 | $ | 276,109 | $ | 360,441 | $ | 198,250 | 11,463 | 12.3 | $ | 3,991 | $ | 2,605 | ||||||||||||
The table below represents undiscounted and discounted net cash flows for all obligations for which a loss reserve was established.
Loss and Loss Adjustment Expense Reserve by Surveillance Category
| |
At March 31, 2009 | |||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| |
Category I |
Category II |
Category III |
Category IV |
Category V |
Total | ||||||||||||||
| |
(in thousands) |
|||||||||||||||||||
Gross undiscounted cash outflows expected in the future |
$ | 301,170 | $ | 427,515 | $ | 494,849 | $ | 171,748 | $ | 3,611,773 | $ | 5,007,055 | ||||||||
Less: Gross estimated recoveries in the future |
226,793 | 223,415 | 374,310 | 137,398 | 1,249,841 | 2,211,757 | ||||||||||||||
Subtotal |
74,377 | 204,100 | 120,539 | 34,350 | 2,361,932 | 2,795,298 | ||||||||||||||
Less: Discount taken on subtotal |
17,319 | 42,089 | 6,912 | 1,763 | 462,601 | 530,684 | ||||||||||||||
Gross present value of expected losses |
57,058 | 162,011 | 113,627 | 32,587 | 1,899,331 | 2,264,614 | ||||||||||||||
Gross unearned premium reserve |
29,983 | 116,387 | 37,190 | 3,732 | 44,203 | 231,495 | ||||||||||||||
Gross loss and loss adjustment expense reserve |
27,075 | 45,624 | 76,437 | 28,855 | 1,855,128 | 2,033,119 | ||||||||||||||
Less: Reinsurance recoverable on unpaid losses |
7,546 | 13,075 | 8,026 | 1,725 | 295,440 | 325,812 | ||||||||||||||
Net loss and loss adjustment expense reserve |
$ | 19,529 | $ | 32,549 | $ | 68,411 | $ | 27,130 | $ | 1,559,688 | $ | 1,707,307 | ||||||||
16
FINANCIAL SECURITY ASSURANCE INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited) (Continued)
3. ACCOUNTING FOR FINANCIAL GUARANTEE INSURANCE (Continued)
Management periodically evaluates its estimates for losses and LAE and establishes reserves that management believes are adequate to cover the present value of the ultimate net cost of claims. The Company will continue, on an ongoing basis, to monitor these reserves and may periodically adjust the loss and probability of loss scenarios based on the Company's actual loss and recovery experience and economic conditions. However, because of the uncertainty involved in developing these estimates, the ultimate liability may differ materially from current estimates.
The weighted average risk free rate used to discount the claim liability was between 0.57% and 3.97% at March 31, 2009 and between 0.37% and 2.83% at January 1, 2009.
4. FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENT
The Company adopted SFAS No. 157, "Fair Value Measurements" ("SFAS 157"), effective January 1, 2008. SFAS 157 addresses how companies should measure fair value when required to use fair value measures under GAAP. SFAS 157:
In February 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 159, "The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities" ("SFAS 159"). SFAS 159 provides an option to elect fair value as an alternative measurement for selected financial assets and financial liabilities not previously recorded at fair value. The Company adopted SFAS 159 on January 1, 2008 and elected fair value accounting for certain VIE segment debt and certain assets acquired in refinancing Company insured transactions not previously carried at fair value. For more information regarding the fair value option, see Note 5.
The Company applied its valuation methodologies for its assets and liabilities measured at fair value to all of the assets and liabilities carried at fair value effective January 1, 2008, whether those instruments are carried at fair value as a result of the adoption of SFAS 159 or in compliance with other authoritative accounting guidance. The Company has fair value committees to review and approve valuations and assumptions used in its models. These committees meet quarterly prior to the Company issuing its financial statements.
Fair value is based upon pricing received from dealer quotes or alternative pricing sources with reasonable levels of price transparency, internally developed estimates that employ credit-spread algorithms or models that use market-based or independently sourced market data inputs, including
17
FINANCIAL SECURITY ASSURANCE INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited) (Continued)
4. FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENT (Continued)
yield curves, interest rates, volatilities, debt prices, foreign exchange rates and credit curves. In addition to market information, models also incorporate instrument- specific data, such as maturity date.
Considerable judgment is necessary to interpret the data to develop the estimates of fair value. Accordingly, the estimates presented herein are not necessarily indicative of the amount the Company would realize in a current market exchange. The use of different market assumptions and/or estimation methodologies may have a material effect on the estimated fair-value amounts.
The transition adjustment in connection with the adoption of SFAS 157 was an increase of $26.6 million after-tax to beginning retained earnings, which relates to day one gains that had been deferred under EITF 02-03.
18
FINANCIAL SECURITY ASSURANCE INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited) (Continued)
4. FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENT (Continued)
The following table summarizes the components of the fair-value adjustments included in the consolidated statements of operations:
| |
Three Months Ended March 31, |
||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| |
2009 | 2008 | |||||||||||
| |
(in thousands) |
||||||||||||
REVENUES Gains/(Losses): |
|||||||||||||
Net realized gains (losses) from general investment portfolio: |
|||||||||||||
Fair-value adjustments attributable to impairment charges in general investment portfolio |
$ | (8,659 | ) | $ | — | ||||||||
Net change in fair value of credit derivatives (Note 12) |
$ | 527,440 | $ | (452,955 | ) | ||||||||
Net interest income from variable interest entities segment(1): |
|||||||||||||
Fair-value adjustments on variable interest entity segment investment portfolio |
$ | (6,604 | ) | $ | 7,626 | ||||||||
Fair-value adjustments on variable interest entity segment derivatives |
5,514 | (8,357 | ) | ||||||||||
Net interest income from variable interest entities segment |
$ | (1,090 | ) | $ | (731 | ) | |||||||
Net realized gains (losses) from variable interest entities segment: |
|||||||||||||
Fair-value adjustments attributable to impairment charges in VIE segment investment portfolio |
$ | (124,618 | ) | $ | — | ||||||||
Net realized and unrealized gains (losses) on derivative instruments: |
|||||||||||||
Variable interest entity segment derivatives(2) (Note 13) |
$ | (80,163 | ) | $ | 187,729 | ||||||||
Other financial guaranty segment derivatives |
(4 | ) | 169 | ||||||||||
Net realized and unrealized gains (losses) on derivative instruments |
$ | (80,167 | ) | $ | 187,898 | ||||||||
Net unrealized gains (losses) on financial instruments at fair value |
|||||||||||||
Financial guaranty segment: |
|||||||||||||
Assets acquired in refinancing transactions |
$ | 23,019 | $ | (1,861 | ) | ||||||||
Committed preferred trust put options |
15,700 | 32,000 | |||||||||||
Net unrealized gains (losses) on financial instruments at fair value in the financial guaranty segment |
38,719 | 30,139 | |||||||||||
VIE segment: |
|||||||||||||
Fixed-rate VIE segment debt: |
|||||||||||||
Fair-value adjustments other than the Company's own credit risk |
97,954 | (173,702 | ) | ||||||||||
Fair-value adjustments attributable to the Company's own credit risk |
163,889 | 23,668 | |||||||||||
Net unrealized gains (losses) on financial instruments at fair value in the VIE segment |
261,843 | (150,034 | ) | ||||||||||
Net unrealized gains (losses) on financial instruments at fair value |
$ | 300,562 | $ | (119,895 | ) | ||||||||
Other income (loss): |
|||||||||||||
Fair-value adjustments attributable to assets acquired in refinancing transactions portfolio |
$ | 275 | $ | — | |||||||||
19
FINANCIAL SECURITY ASSURANCE INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited) (Continued)
4. FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENT (Continued)
Valuation Hierarchy
SFAS 157 establishes a three-level valuation hierarchy for disclosure of fair value measurements. The valuation hierarchy is based upon the transparency of inputs to the valuation of an asset or liability as of the measurement date. The three levels are defined as follows:
A financial instrument's categorization within the valuation hierarchy is based upon the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement.
Inputs to Valuation Techniques
Inputs refer broadly to the assumptions that market participants use in pricing assets or liabilities, including assumptions about risk. Inputs may be observable or unobservable.
Valuation Techniques
Valuation techniques used for assets and liabilities accounted for at fair value are generally categorized into three types:
20
FINANCIAL SECURITY ASSURANCE INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited) (Continued)
4. FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENT (Continued)
present value techniques, option-pricing models that incorporate present value techniques, and the multi-period excess earnings method.
The Company uses valuation techniques that it concludes are appropriate in the specific circumstances and for which sufficient data are available. In selecting the valuation technique to apply, management considers the definition of an exit price and considers the nature of the asset or liability being valued.
The following is a description of the valuation methodologies the Company uses for financial instruments including the general classification of such instruments within the valuation hierarchy.
General Investment Portfolio
The "General Investment Portfolio" consists of the investments attributable to the financial guaranty segment held by FSA and its subsidiaries. The fair value of bonds in the General Investment Portfolio is generally based on quoted market prices received from third party pricing services or alternative pricing sources with reasonable levels of price transparency. Such quotes generally consider a variety of factors, including recent trades of the same and similar securities. If quoted market prices are not available, the valuation is based on pricing models that use dealer price quotations, price activity for traded securities with similar attributes and other relevant market factors as inputs, including security type, rating, vintage, tenor and its position in the capital structure of the issuer. Assets in this category are primarily categorized as Level 2.
At March 31, 2009, the Company's equity securities were comprised of common stock of Dexia. The fair value of the common stock is based upon quoted prices and is categorized as Level 1.
For short-term investments in the General Investment Portfolio, which are those investments with a maturity of less than one year at time of purchase, the carrying amount approximates fair value. These short-term investments include money-market funds and other highly liquid short-term investments, which are categorized as Level 1 on the valuation hierarchy, and foreign government and agency securities, which are categorized as Level 2.
VIE Segment Investment Portfolio
The "VIE Segment Investment Portfolio" is comprised of investments supporting the VIE liabilities, which are primarily designated as available-for-sale, but in some cases are classified as held-to-maturity. See "—Other Assets and Other Liabilities." The fair value of bonds in the VIE Segment Investment Portfolio is generally based on quoted market prices received from dealer quotes or alternative pricing sources with reasonable levels of price transparency. Such quotes generally consider a variety of factors, including recent trades of the same and similar securities. If quoted market prices are not available, the valuation is based on pricing models that use dealer price quotations, price activity for traded securities with similar attributes and other relevant market factors as inputs, including security type, rating, vintage, tenor and its position in the capital structure of the
21
FINANCIAL SECURITY ASSURANCE INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited) (Continued)
4. FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENT (Continued)
issuer. For assets not valued by quoted market prices received from dealer quotes or alternative pricing sources, fair value is based on either internally developed models using market-based inputs or based on broker quotes for identical or similar assets. Valuation results, particularly those derived from valuation models and quotes on certain mortgage and asset-backed securities, could differ materially from amounts that would actually be realized in the market. Assets in the VIE Segment Investment Portfolio are generally categorized as Level 3 on the valuation hierarchy.
The fair value of the GICs in the VIE Segment Investment Portfolio is determined using cash flow models which include assumptions for interest rate curves based on selected benchmark securities and weighted average expected lives. These are categorized as Level 3 on the valuation hierarchy.
For short-term investments in the VIE Segment Investment Portfolio, which are those investments with a maturity of less than one year at time of purchase, the carrying amount is fair value. These short-term investments include overnight money market funds, which are categorized as Level 1 on the valuation hierarchy.
Assets Acquired in Refinancing Transactions
For certain assets acquired in refinancing transactions, fair value is either the present value of expected cash flows or a quoted market price as of the reporting date. This portfolio is comprised primarily of bonds, securitized loans, common stock, mortgage loans, real estate and short term investments, of which bonds, common stocks and certain securitized loans are carried at fair value. Mortgage loans are accounted for at fair value when lower than cost. The majority of the assets in this portfolio are categorized as Level 3 in the valuation hierarchy, except for the short-term investments, which are categorized as Level 2.
Credit Derivatives in the Insured Portfolio
The Company's insured portfolio includes contracts accounted for as derivatives, namely,
The Company considers all such agreements to be a normal part of its financial guaranty insurance business but, for accounting purposes, these contracts are deemed to be derivative instruments and therefore must be recorded at fair value, with changes in fair value recorded in the consolidated statements of operations in "net change in fair value of credit derivatives."
22
FINANCIAL SECURITY ASSURANCE INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited) (Continued)
4. FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENT (Continued)
Credit Default Swap Contracts
In the case of CDS contracts, a trust that is consolidated by the Company writes a derivative contract that provides for payments to be made if certain credit events occur related to certain specified reference obligations, in exchange for a fee. The insurance laws of the State of New York allow a financial guaranty insurer to guarantee special purpose entities that issue CDS. The trust's obligation on the CDS contracts it writes are guaranteed by a financial guaranty contract written by FSA that provides payments to the insured if the trust defaults on its payments under the derivative contract. In these transactions, FSA is considered the counterparty to a financial guaranty contract that is defined under GAAP as a derivative. The credit event is typically based upon failure to pay or the insolvency of a referenced obligation. In such cases, the claim represents payment for the shortfall amount.
The Company's accounting policy regarding CDS contract valuations requires management to make numerous complex and subjective judgments relating to amounts that are inherently uncertain. CDS contracts are valued using proprietary models because such instruments are unique, complex and are typically highly customized transactions. Valuation models and the related assumptions are continuously reevaluated by management and enhanced, as appropriate, based on market developments and improvements in modeling techniques and the availability of market observable data. Due to the significance of unobservable inputs required to value CDS contracts, they are considered to be Level 3 under the SFAS 157 fair value hierarchy.
Significant assumptions that, if changed, could result in materially different fair values include:
Market perceptions of credit deterioration of the underlying referenced obligation would result in an increase in the expected exit value (the amount required to be paid to exit the transaction due to wider credit spreads).
Fair Value of CDS Contracts in which the Company Sells Protection
Determination of Current Exit Value Premium: The estimation of the current exit value premium is derived using a unique credit-spread algorithm for each defined CDS category that utilizes various publicly available credit indices, depending on the types of assets referenced by the CDS contract and the duration of the contract. The "exit price" derived is technically an "entry price" and not an "exit price" (i.e., the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability that is required under SFAS 157). This is because a monoline insurer cannot observe "exit prices" for the CDS contract that it writes in a principal market since these contracts are not transferable. While SFAS 157 provides that the transaction (entry) price and the exit price may not be equal if the transaction price includes transaction costs, the Company believes those transaction costs would be the
23
FINANCIAL SECURITY ASSURANCE INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited) (Continued)
4. FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENT (Continued)
same in an "entry" market and a hypothetical "exit" market and thus it would be inappropriate to record a day one gain when using the estimated "entry price" to determine the exit value premium.
Management applies judgment when developing these estimates and considers factors such as current prices charged for similar agreements, if available, performance of underlying assets, changes in internal credit assessments or rating agency-based shadow ratings, and the level at which the deductible has been set. Estimates generated from the Company's valuation process may differ materially from values that may be realized in market transactions.
In a financial guaranty insurance policy, a deductible is the portion of a loss under that policy that is not covered by the policy or, in other words, the amount of the loss for which the insurer is not responsible. In a CDS contract, the deductible is quoted as a percentage of the contract's notional amount, and is also referred to as the contract's attachment point. For example, for a CDS with a $1 billion notional amount and a 15% deductible, the Company would only be obligated to make a claim payment after the insured incurred more than $150 million (15% of $1 billion) of losses (net of recoveries). The attachment points for each of the Company's CDS contracts vary, as the deductibles are negotiated on a contract-by-contract basis.
In the ordinary course, the Company does not post collateral to the counterparty as security for the Company's obligation under CDS contracts. As a result, the Company receives a smaller fee than it would for a CDS contract that required the posting of collateral. In order to calculate the exit value premium for CDS that do not require collateral to be posted, the Company applies a factor (the "non-collateral posting factor") to the indicated market premium for CDS contracts that require collateral to be posted. The non-collateral posting factor was approximately 87% for the three-month period ended March 31, 2009.
The Company calculates the non-collateral posting factor quarterly based in part on observable market inputs. In the market where transactions are executed, the Company observed during 2008 that, when a collateral posting counterparty executes a CDS contract purchasing protection from a non-collateral posting counterparty, it will hold back a portion of the CDS premium (the "collateral posting premium") it charged to provide the CDS protection. The Company believes that the non-collateral posting factor has the effect of adjusting the fair value of these contracts for the Company's credit quality in addition to adjusting the contract to a collateral posting basis. Accordingly, the Company adds an additional amount to the collateral posting premium to reflect the market price of CDS protection on FSA. The Company estimated the collateral posting premium and additional amount at March 31, 2009 to be approximately 13% and 74%, respectively, using an algorithm that uses as an input FSA's current annual five-year CDS credit spread, which was approximately 2,764 basis points at March 31, 2009. The Company uses the current five-year CDS credit spread based on its observation that the five-year instrument is the standard term for CDS contracts used to hedge counterparty credit risk. Quoted prices for shorter or longer terms are typically not available and, when available, are less reliable.
The underlying securities of the Company's CDS contracts are predominantly corporate obligations, specifically investment grade pooled corporate CDS, high yield pooled corporate CDS and collateralized loan obligations ("CLOs"). The Company's exposure to underlying securities such as those backed by domestic residential mortgage-backed securities ("RMBS") and CDOs of ABS was less than one percent of the total CDS par outstanding at March 31, 2009.
24
FINANCIAL SECURITY ASSURANCE INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited) (Continued)
4. FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENT (Continued)
Below is an explanation of how the Company determines the current exit value for each of the following types of CDS contracts:
Pooled Corporate CDS Contracts: A pooled corporate CDS contract insures the default risk of a pool of referenced corporate entities. As there is no observable exchange trading of bespoke pooled corporate CDS, the Company values these contracts using an internal pricing model that uses the mid-point of the bid and ask prices (the "mid-market price") of dealer quotes on specific indexes as inputs to its pricing model, principally the Dow Jones CDX for domestic corporate CDS ("DJ CDX") and iTraxx for European corporate CDS ("iTraxx"). The mid-market price is a practical expedient for the fair-value measurement within a bid-ask spread. For those pooled corporate CDS contracts that include both domestic and foreign reference entities, the Company applies the iTraxx price in proportion to the pool of applicable foreign reference entities comprising the pool by calculating a weighted average of the DJ CDX and iTraxx quoted prices.
The Company's valuation process for pooled corporate CDS involves stratifying the pools into either investment grade credits or high-yield credits and then by remaining term to maturity, consistent with the reference indexes. Within maturity bands, further distinction is made for contracts that have higher attachment points. Both the DJ CDX and iTraxx indices provide quoted prices for standard attachment and detachment points (or "tranches") for contracts with maturities of three, five, seven and ten years.
Prices quoted for these tranches do not represent perfect pricing references, but are the only relevant market-based information available for this type of non-traded contract. The recent market volatility in the index tranches has had a significant impact on the estimated fair value of the Company's portfolio of pooled corporate CDS.
Investment-Grade Pooled Corporate CDS Contracts: The Company applies quoted prices to its investment-grade pooled corporate CDS contracts ("IG CDS") by stratifying its IG CDS contracts into four maturity bands: less than 3.5 years; 3.5 to 5.5 years; 5.5 to 7.5 years; and 7.5 to 10 years. Within the maturity bands, further distinction is made for contracts that have a significantly higher starting attachment point (usually 30% or higher).
The CDX North America IG Index ("CDX IG Index") is comprised of prices sourced from 125 North American investment grade CDS quoted (each, an "Index CDS") and is supported by at least 10 of the largest CDS dealers. In addition to the full capital structure, the CDX IG Index also provides price quotes for various tranches delineated by attachment and detachment points: 0 to 3%; 3 to 7%; 7 to10%; 10 to 15%; 15 to 30% and 30 to 100%. Approximately every six months, a new "series" of the CDX IG Index is published ("on-the-run") based on a new grouping of 125 Index CDS, which changes the composition of the 125 Index CDS of older ("off-the-run") series. Each quarter, the Company compares the composition of the 125 Index CDS in both the on-the-run and off-the run series of the CDX IG Index to the CDS pool referenced by the Company's IG CDS contracts (the "reference CDS
25
FINANCIAL SECURITY ASSURANCE INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited) (Continued)
4. FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENT (Continued)
pool") and uses the average of the series of the CDX IG Index and the comparable iTraxx Index that most closely relates to the credit characteristics of the Company's IG CDS contracts, mainly the Weighted-Average Rating Factor ("WARF"), of the Company's IG CDS contracts. The Company also remodels each of its contracts to determine if the credit quality remains comparable to that of the relevant index. WARF is a 10,000 point scale developed by Moody's that is used as an indicator of collateral pool risk. A higher WARF indicates a lower average collateral rating.
The Company calibrates the quoted index price to the approximate attachment points for its IG CDS contracts by calculating the weighted average of the given quoted tranche prices for IG CDS of a given maturity using the CDX IG Index and iTraxx quoted tranche widths. The relevant widths of the quoted tranches used by the two indices differ. DJ CDX uses tranches of 10 to 15%, 15 to 30%, and 30 to 100%, resulting in tranche widths of five, 15 and 70 percentage points, whereas iTraxx uses tranches of 9 to 12%, 12 to 22% and 22 to 100%, resulting in tranche widths of three, 10 and 78 percentage points.
The Company's IG CDS contracts typically attach at 10% or higher. The following table indicates FSA's typical attachment points at origination and total tranche widths:
Portfolio Classification
|
Index Quoted Duration |
FSA's Typical Original Attachment Point |
FSA's Total Tranche Width |
||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| |
(in years) |
|
|
||||||||
Less than 3.5 Yrs |
3 | 10 | % | 90 | % | ||||||
3.5 to 5.5 Yrs |
5 | 10 | 90 | ||||||||
5.5 to 7.5 Yrs: |
|||||||||||
Lower attachment |
7 | 15 | 85 | ||||||||
Higher attachment |
7 | 30 | 70 | ||||||||
7.5 to 10 Yrs: |
|||||||||||
Lower attachment |
10 | 15 | 85 | ||||||||
Higher attachment |
10 | 30 | 70 | ||||||||
To calculate the weighted average price for the entire tranche width of the Company's IG CDS (the "total tranche width"), a price is obtained for each quoted tranche comprising the total tranche width, and the sum of the weighted average prices is divided by the total tranche width. The price for each quoted tranche is the mid-market of the quoted price for that tranche, weighted by the width of that tranche. The following table illustrates the calculation of the weighted-average price of the Company's IG CDS contracts with a maturity of up to 3.5 years, given quoted CDX IG tranche prices of 310.5 basis points, 73.5 basis points and 76.9 basis points for the 10 to 15%, 15 to 30%, and 30 to 100% tranches, respectively.
| |
CDX IG Mid-Market Price Multiplied by the Tranche Width | |
|
|||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| |
Total Tranche Width |
Weighted Average Price |
||||||||||||||
FSA Portfolio Classification
|
10 to 15% | 15 to 30% | 30 to 100% | Total | ||||||||||||
Attachment/Detachment
|
||||||||||||||||
| Less than 3.5 Yrs | 310.5 bps × 5 = 1,552.5 | 73.5 bps × 15 = 1,102.5 | 76.9 bps × 70 = 5,383.0 | 8,038.0 | 90 | 89.3 bps | ||||||||||
26
FINANCIAL SECURITY ASSURANCE INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited) (Continued)
4. FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENT (Continued)
The Company applies a factor to the quoted prices (the "IG calibration factor"). The calibration factor is intended to calibrate the index price to each of the Company's pooled corporate investment grade CDS contracts, which reference pools of entities that are typically of lower average credit quality than those reflected in the CDX IG Index. The IG calibration factor is determined for each IG CDS contract by calibrating the WARF of the index so that it approximately equals the WARF of each IG CDS contract. To do so, the Company recalculates the index price after removing from the index the reference obligations that have the highest ratings. This recalculated index price is then divided by the unadjusted index price to arrive at the IG calibration factor. At March 31, 2009, the IG calibration factor applied to the Company's IG CDS contracts ranged from 109% to 342% of the WARF of the index.
The Company's Transaction Oversight Group reviews the pooled corporate CDS portfolio regularly and no less than quarterly and factors in any rating changes. Any new reported credit events under a given CDS contract are factored into the contract's deductible level. As such credit events occur, the contract's attachment point is recalculated based on the revised deductible amount to determine if the attachment point for each contract in the portfolio continues to be at a "Super Triple-A" credit rating.
To arrive at the exit value premium applied to each of the Company's IG CDS contracts, the Company:
Below is an example of the pricing algorithm that is applied to the Company's domestic IG CDS contracts with durations of 0.0 to 3.5 years, assuming an average IG calibration factor of 185%, to determine the exit premium value at March 31, 2009:
Index Duration |
Unadjusted Quoted Price |
After IG Calibration Factor |
Adjusted to Non-Collateral Posting Contract Value |
|||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3 yrs | 89.3 bps | 165.4 bps | 21.7 bps | |||||||
High-Yield Pooled Corporate CDS Contracts: In order to estimate the market price for high-yield pooled corporate CDS contracts ("HY CDS"), the Company uses the average of the dealer mid-market prices obtained for the most senior quoted of the respective three-year, five-year and seven-year tranches of the CDX North America High Yield Index ("CDX HY Index"). The CDX HY Index is comprised of prices sourced from 100 of the most liquid North American high yield CDS quoted (each, an "Index CDS") and is supported by more than 10 of the largest CDS dealers. In addition to the full capital structure, the CDX HY Index also provides price quotes for various tranches delineated by attachment and detachment points: 0 to 10%; 10 to 15%; 15 to 25%; 25 to 35%; and 35 to 100%. The Company uses an average of the dealer mid-market quotes of the index because the Company believes that dealer price quotes have historically been indicative of where trades have been executed in the high-yield market.
27
FINANCIAL SECURITY ASSURANCE INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited) (Continued)
4. FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENT (Continued)
The Company applies a factor to the quoted prices (the "HY calibration factor"). The HY calibration factor is intended to calibrate the index price to each of the Company's pooled corporate high-yield CDS contracts, which reference pools of entities that are typically of higher average credit quality than those reflected in the CDX HY Index. The HY calibration factor is determined for each HY CDS contract by calibrating the WARF of the index so that it approximately equals the WARF of each HY CDS contract. To do so, the Company recalculates the index price after removing from the index the reference obligations that have the lowest ratings. This recalculated index price is then divided by the unadjusted index price to arrive at the HY calibration factor. At March 31, 2009, the HY calibration factor applied to the Company's HY CDS contracts ranged from 23% to 100% of the WARF of the index.
Approximately every six months, a new "series" of the CDX HY Index is published ("on-the-run") based on a new grouping of 100 single name CDS, which changes the composition of the Index of older ("off-the-run") series. The Company compares the composition of the Index in both the on-the-run and off-the-run series of the HY index to each CDS pool (i.e., "reference entities" or companies included in each contract) referenced by the Company's contracts (the "reference CDS pool"). Based on that comparison, the Company determines which of the actively quoted series most closely relates to the credit characteristics, mainly with reference to the WARF, of the Company's HY CDS contracts, and then uses the average of dealer quotes of that series. The Company also remodels each of its contracts to determine if the credit quality remains comparable to that of the relevant index.
To arrive at the exit value premium that is applied to each of the Company's CDS contracts in a given maturity band, the non-collateral posting factor is applied to the weighted-average market price determined for that maturity band.
Below is an example of the pricing algorithm that is applied to the Company's domestic HY CDS contracts with durations of 0.0 to 3.5 years, assuming an average HY calibration factor of 64% to determine the exit premium value at March 31, 2009:
Index Duration
|
Unadjusted Quoted Price |
After HY Calibration Factor |
Adjusted to Non-Collateral Posting Contract Value |
|||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3 yrs | 638.3 bps | 408.5 bps | 53.5 bps | |||||||
CDS of Funded CDOs and CLOs: Prior to August 2008, the Company sold protection to financial institutions in a principal-to-principal market in which transactions are highly customized and negotiated independently. The Company therefore cannot observe "exit" prices for the CDS contracts it writes in this market since these contracts are not transferable. In the absence of a principal exit
28
FINANCIAL SECURITY ASSURANCE INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited) (Continued)
4. FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENT (Continued)
market, the Company determines the fair value of a CDS contract it writes by using an internally-developed estimate of an "exit price" that a hypothetical market participant (i.e., a similarly rated monoline financial guarantee insurer, or "monoline insurer") would accept to assume the risk from the CDS writer on the measurement date, on terms identical to the contract written by the CDS writer. The Company believes this approach is reasonable because the hypothetical exit market has been defined as other monoline insurers. In essence, the exit market participants are the same as the monoline participants competing in the entry market.
As with pooled corporate CDS, there is no observable exchange trading of CDS of funded CDOs and CLOs. The price of protection charged by a CDS writer is based on the "credit spread component" of the "all-in credit spread" of funded CLOs, as quoted by underwriter participants. As the all-in credit spread for a given CLO may not always be observable in the market, the CDS writer often utilizes an index, published by an underwriter participant, such as the "all-in" London Interbank Offered Rate ("LIBOR") spread for Triple-A rated cash-funded CLOs (the "Triple-A CLO Funded Rate") as published by J.P. Morgan Chase & Co. The Triple-A CLO Funded Rate is an all-in credit spread that includes both a funding and credit spread component.
The CDS protection of a CLO provided by the Company is priced to capture only the credit spread component, as the CDS writer is not providing funding for the CLO, only credit protection. The contracts on which the Company has provided credit protection are regularly evaluated to ascertain whether or not the original Triple-A credit rating is still considered appropriate. The Company determines the exit value premium for all these CDS of CLO contracts in its portfolio that are rated Triple-A with reference to the Triple-A CLO Funded Rate, which is currently the only regularly and frequently quoted rate observable in the market. The Triple-A CLO Funded Rate was 600 bps at March 31, 2009. The Company applies a credit component factor to the Triple-A CLO Funded Rate as a means of estimating the fair value of its Triple-A rated contract, which only refers to the credit component. The credit and funding components were 50% each as of March 31, 2009. The components are determined judgmentally and can vary based on estimates provided to the Company by external market participants, specifically purchasers of CDS protection on Triple-A CLO risk and investors in Triple-A CLO bonds.
To arrive at the exit value premium that is applied to each of the Company' CDO and CLO CDS contracts, the non-collateral posting factor is applied to the weighted-average market price determined for each maturity band.
The determination of the exit value premium is summarized as follows:
| |
Triple-A CLO Funded Rate |
After Credit Component Factor |
After Non-Collateral Posting Factor |
|||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Rate |
600 bps | 300 bps | 39.3 bps | |||||||
Other Structured Obligations Valuation: For CDS for which observable market value information is not available, management applies its best judgment to estimate the appropriate current exit value premium, and takes into consideration the Company's estimation of the price at which the Company would currently charge to provide similar protection, and other factors such as the nature of the underlying reference credit, the Company's attachment point, and the tenor of the CDS contract.
29
FINANCIAL SECURITY ASSURANCE INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited) (Continued)
4. FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENT (Continued)
Fair Value of CDS Contracts in which the Company Purchases Protection
When the Company reinsures its policies that insure CDS, GAAP characterizes such transactions as if the Company purchased protection for CDS contracts it wrote. The Company's use of reinsurance to mitigate risk exposures for CDS contracts and for financial guaranty insurance policies is identical as they involve the same reinsurers, the same underwriting process evaluating the reinsurers and the same credit risk management and surveillance processes supporting the reinsurance function. The Company enters into reinsurance agreements on policies insuring CDS contracts primarily on a quota share basis. Under a quota share reinsurance agreement with a reinsurer, the Company cedes to the reinsurer a proportionate share of the risk and premium.
The determination of the hypothetical exit market is a key factor in determining the fair value of protection purchased (the "ceded" or "reinsurance" contract) with respect to a CDS contract insured by a financial guarantor (the "direct contract"). SFAS 157 requires that the valuation premise, used to measure the fair value of an asset, must consider the asset's "highest and best use" from the perspective of market participants. Generally, the valuation premise used for a financial asset is "in-exchange" since this type of asset provides maximum value to market participants on a stand-alone basis. The maximum value of a ceded contract to the CDS writer's exit market participants is in combination with the CDS writer's direct contract. Therefore the appropriate valuation premise to use for a ceded contract is the "in-use" premise.
The Company determines the fair value of a CDS contract in which it purchases protection from a reinsurer (the "ceded CDS contract") as the proportionate percentage of the fair value of the related written CDS contracts, adjusted for any ceding commission and consideration of counterparty risk. In quota share reinsurance agreements, the assuming reinsurer typically pays a ceding commission periodically over the life of the policy insuring the CDS contract to the ceding company that is intended to defray the ceding company's costs for the services it provides to the reinsurer, such as risk selection, underwriting activities and ongoing servicing and reporting. As an element of the fair value of the ceded CDS insurance policy, the ceding commission paid to the ceding company represents the ceding company's profit on the ceded CDS insurance policy after considering counterparty credit risk, (i.e., the difference between (a) the price of the protection the ceding company purchased from the reinsurer, which is net of the ceding commission, and (b) the price that the ceding company would receive to exit the ceded CDS insurance policy in its principal market, which is comprised of other ceding insurers of comparable credit standing). The Company applies a credit valuation adjustment to the fair value of a ceded insurance policy due from a reinsurer if the reinsurer's credit quality (as determined by CDS price if available, or if not, its credit rating) is less than that of the Company's based upon the premise that the exit market for these contracts would be another monoline financial guarantee insurer that has similar credit rating or spread as the Company.
Insured Interest Rate Swaps and Financial Guarantee Contracts Deemed to be Derivatives
The Company insures IR swaps entered into in connection with the issuance of certain public finance obligations. Because the financial guaranty contract insures a derivative, the financial guaranty contract is deemed to be a derivative under GAAP. Therefore, the contract is required to be carried at fair value, with the change in fair value being recorded in the determination of net income (loss). As there is no observable market for these policies, the fair value of these contracts is determined by using an internally-developed model and, therefore, they are classified as Level 3 in the valuation hierarchy.
30
FINANCIAL SECURITY ASSURANCE INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited) (Continued)
4. FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENT (Continued)
Under GAAP, insured NIM securitizations issued in connection with certain mortgage-backed security financings and financial guaranty contracts with embedded derivatives are deemed to be hybrid instruments that contain an embedded derivative if they were issued after January 1, 2007. The Company elected to record these financial instruments at fair value under SFAS No. 155, "Accounting for Certain Hybrid Financial Instruments." Changes in the fair value of these contracts are recorded in the consolidated statements of operations. As there is no observable market for these policies, the fair value of these contracts is based on internally-derived estimates and they are, therefore, classified as Level 3 in the valuation hierarchy.
VIE Segment Derivatives
On the date of adoption, all derivatives used to hedge VIE debt were valued by obtaining prices from brokers or counterparties, and accordingly were classified as Level 3 in the valuation hierarchy. At March 31, 2009, the majority of these derivatives were valued using a pricing model that uses observable market inputs, such as interest rate curves, foreign exchange rates and inflation indices. These derivatives are therefore classified as Level 2 in the valuation hierarchy at March 31, 2009. If a significant model input had been used that was not observable in the market, the derivative would have been classified as a Level 3 in the valuation hierarchy.
Other Assets and Other Liabilities
Other assets primarily include held-to-maturity investments in VIE Segment Investment Portfolio, receivables for securities sold and the fair value of the committed preferred trust securities ("CPS"). As there is no observable market for the Company's CPS, fair value of the CPS is based on internally- derived estimates and, therefore, is categorized as Level 3 in the fair value hierarchy.
The Company determined the fair value of the CPS by estimating the fair value of a floating rate security with an estimated market yield reflective of the underlying committed preferred security structure and the relevant coupon based on the capped auction rate.
Other liabilities include payables for securities purchased and derivative obligations. The carrying amount for receivables for securities sold and payable for securities purchased is cost, which approximates fair value because of the short maturity.
VIE Segment Debt
The fair value of the VIE segment debt is determined based on a discounted cash flow model. Fair value calculated by these models includes assumptions for interest rate curves based on selected benchmark securities and weighted average expected lives. In addition, the valuation of the fair-valued liabilities includes an adjustment to reflect the credit quality of the Company that represents the impact of changes in market credit spreads on these liabilities. The fair-valued liabilities are categorized as Level 3 in the valuation hierarchy. See Note 5 for a description of the VIE segment debt for which the Company elected the fair value option.
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FINANCIAL SECURITY ASSURANCE INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited) (Continued)
4. FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENT (Continued)
The following tables present the financial instruments carried at fair value at March 31, 2009 and December 31, 2008, by caption on the consolidated balance sheet and SFAS 157 valuation hierarchy.
Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis
| |
At March 31, 2009 | |||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| |
Level 1 | Level 2 | Level 3 | FIN 39 Netting(1) |
Total | |||||||||||||
| |
(in thousands) |
|||||||||||||||||
Assets: |
||||||||||||||||||
General investment portfolio, available for sale: |
||||||||||||||||||
Bonds |
$ | — | $ | 5,327,732 | $ | 37,267 | $ | — | $ | 5,364,999 | ||||||||
Equity securities |
573 | — | — | — | 573 | |||||||||||||
Short-term investments |
30,716 | 426,115 | — | — | 456,831 | |||||||||||||
VIE segment investment portfolio, available for sale: |
||||||||||||||||||
Bonds |
— | 22,583 | 773,546 | — | 796,129 | |||||||||||||
GICs |
— | — | 751,304 | — | 751,304 | |||||||||||||
Short-term investments |
8,910 | — | — | — | 8,910 | |||||||||||||
Assets acquired in refinancing transactions |
— | 21,232 | 135,673 | — | 156,905 | |||||||||||||
VIE segment derivatives |
— | 684,653 | 59,098 | (408,968 | ) | 334,783 | ||||||||||||
Credit derivatives(2) |
— | — | 126,385 | — | 126,385 | |||||||||||||
Other assets: |
||||||||||||||||||
CPS |
— | — | 115,700 | — | 115,700 | |||||||||||||
Total assets at fair value |
$ | 40,199 | $ | 6,482,315 | $ | 1,998,973 | $ | (408,968 | ) | $ | 8,112,519 | |||||||
Liabilities: |
||||||||||||||||||
VIE segment debt |
$ | — | $ | — | $ | 546,036 | $ | — | $ | 546,036 | ||||||||
Credit derivatives |
— | — | 816,633 | — | 816,633 | |||||||||||||
Other liabilities: |
||||||||||||||||||
Other financial guarantee segment derivatives |
— | (108 | ) | — | — | (108 | ) | |||||||||||
Total liabilities at fair value |
$ | — | $ | (108 | ) | $ | 1,362,669 | $ | — | $ | 1,362,561 | |||||||
32
FINANCIAL SECURITY ASSURANCE INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited) (Continued)
4. FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENT (Continued)
| |
At December 31, 2008 | |||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| |
Level 1 | Level 2 | Level 3 | FIN 39 Netting(1) |
Total | |||||||||||||
| |
(in thousands) |
|||||||||||||||||
Assets: |
||||||||||||||||||
General investment portfolio, available for sale: |
||||||||||||||||||
Bonds |
$ | — | $ | 5,219,789 | $ | 44,749 | $ | — | $ | 5,264,538 | ||||||||
Equity securities |
374 | — | — | — | 374 | |||||||||||||
Short-term investments |
9,687 | 606,378 | — | — | 616,065 | |||||||||||||
VIE segment investment portfolio, available for sale: |
||||||||||||||||||
Bonds |
— | 22,470 | 900,862 | — | 923,332 | |||||||||||||
GICs |
— | — | 801,547 | — | 801,547 | |||||||||||||
Short-term investments |
8,221 | — | — | — | 8,221 | |||||||||||||
Assets acquired in refinancing transactions |
— | 20,962 | 117,814 | — | 138,776 | |||||||||||||
VIE segment derivatives |
— | 754,328 | 59,268 | (434,855 | ) | 378,741 | ||||||||||||
Credit derivatives(2) |
— | — | 287,449 | — | 287,449 | |||||||||||||
Other assets: |
||||||||||||||||||
CPS |
— | — | 100,000 | — | 100,000 | |||||||||||||
Total assets at fair value |
$ | 18,282 | $ | 6,623,927 | $ | 2,311,689 | $ | (434,855 | ) | $ | 8,519,043 | |||||||
Liabilities: |
||||||||||||||||||
VIE segment debt |
$ | — | $ | — | $ | 799,086 | $ | — | $ | 799,086 | ||||||||
Credit derivatives |
— | — | 1,543,809 | — | 1,543,809 | |||||||||||||
Other liabilities: |
||||||||||||||||||
Other financial guarantee segment derivatives |
— | (112 | ) | — | — | (112 | ) | |||||||||||
Total liabilities at fair value |
$ | — | $ | (112 | ) | $ | 2,342,895 | $ | — | $ | 2,342,783 | |||||||
33
FINANCIAL SECURITY ASSURANCE INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited) (Continued)
4. FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENT (Continued)
Non-Recurring Fair Value Measurements
Mortgage loans in the portfolio of assets acquired in refinancing transactions are carried at the lower of cost or market on an aggregated basis. At March 31, 2009 and December 31, 2008, such investments were carried at their market value of $13.2 million and $13.8 million, respectively. The mortgage loans are classified as Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy as there are significant unobservable inputs used in the valuation of such loans. An indicative dealer quote is used to price the non-performing portion of these mortgage loans. The performing loans are valued using management's determination of future cash flows arising from these loans, discounted at the rate of return that would be required by a market participant. This rate of return is based on indicative dealer quotes.
Changes in Level 3 Recurring Fair Value Measurements
The table below includes a rollforward of the balance sheet amounts for the quarters ended March 31, 2009 and 2008 for financial instruments classified by the Company within Level 3 of the valuation hierarchy. When a determination is made to classify a financial instrument within Level 3, the determination is based upon the significance of the unobservable data to the overall fair value measurement. However, Level 3 financial instruments may include, in addition to the unobservable or Level 3 components, observable components. Accordingly, the gains and losses in the table below include changes in fair value due in part to observable factors that are part of the valuation methodology. Level 3 assets were 16.2% and 19.9% of total assets at March 31, 2009 and December 31, 2008, respectively. Level 3 liabilities were 15.9% and 28.4% of total liabilities at March 31, 2009 and December 31, 2008, respectively.
| |
|
Three Months Ended March 31, 2009 | |||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| |
|
Total Pre-tax Realized/Unrealized Gains/(Losses)(1) Recorded in: |
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||
| |
|
|
|
|
Change in Unrealized Gains/(Losses) Related to Financial Instruments Held at March 31, 2009 |
||||||||||||||||||
| |
Fair Value at December 31, 2008 |
Net Income (Loss) of Financial Security Assurance Inc. and Subsidiaries |
Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) |
Purchases, Issuances, Settlements, net |
Transfers in and/or out of Level 3(2) |
Fair Value at March 31, 2009 |
|||||||||||||||||
| |
(in thousands) |
||||||||||||||||||||||
General investment portfolio, available for sale: |
|||||||||||||||||||||||
Bonds |
$ | 44,749 | $ | 1,792 | (3) | $ | — | $ | (9,274 | ) | $ | — | $ | 37,267 | $ | 1,789 | |||||||
VIE segment investment portfolio, available for sale(4) |
1,702,409 | (129,984 | )(5) | (16,427 | ) | (31,148 | ) | — | 1,524,850 | (129,984 | ) | ||||||||||||
Assets acquired in refinancing transactions |
117,814 | 23,019 | (6) | — | (5,160 | ) | — | 135,673 | 23,019 | ||||||||||||||
VIE segment debt(4) |
(799,086 | ) | 252,955 | (7) | — | 95 | — | (546,036 | ) | 252,955 | |||||||||||||
VIE segment derivatives(4) |
59,268 | (170 | )(8) | — | — | — | 59,098 | (170 | ) | ||||||||||||||
CPS |
100,000 | 15,700 | (6) | — | — | — | 115,700 | 15,700 | |||||||||||||||
Net credit derivatives(9) |
(1,256,360 | ) | 527,440 | (10) | — | 38,672 | — | (690,248 | ) | 504,721 | |||||||||||||
34
FINANCIAL SECURITY ASSURANCE INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited) (Continued)
4. FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENT (Continued)
| |
|
Three Months Ended March 31, 2008 | |||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| |
|
Total Pre-tax Realized/Unrealized Gains/(Losses)(1) Recorded in: |
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||
| |
|
|
|
|
Change in Unrealized Gains/(Losses) Related to Financial Instruments Held at March 31, 2008 |
||||||||||||||||||
| |
Fair Value at January 1, 2008 |
Net Income (Loss) of Financial Security Assurance Inc. and Subsidiaries |
Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) |
Purchases, Issuances, Settlements, net |
Transfers in and/or out of Level 3(2) |
Fair Value at March 31, 2008 |
|||||||||||||||||
| |
(in thousands) |
||||||||||||||||||||||
General investment portfolio, available-for-sale: |
|||||||||||||||||||||||
Bonds |
$ | 59,840 | $ | — | $ | (1,928 | ) | $ | (2,348 | ) | $ | — | $ | 55,564 | $ | — | |||||||
Equity securities |
39,000 | — | (930 | ) | 0 | — | 38,070 | — | |||||||||||||||
VIE segment investment portfolio, available-for-sale(4) |
1,760,483 | 7,114 | 12,719 | 16,764 | — | 1,797,080 | 7,114 | ||||||||||||||||
Assets acquired in refinancing transactions |
170,492 | (2,034 | )(6) | (1,091 | ) | (12,969 | ) | — | 154,398 | (2,034 | ) | ||||||||||||
VIE segment debt(4) |
(1,852,759 | ) | (140,658 | )(7) | — | 14,500 | — | (1,978,917 | ) | (140,658 | ) | ||||||||||||
VIE segment derivatives(4) |
634,458 | 11,388 | (8) | — | — | (578,941 | ) | 66,905 | 11,388 | ||||||||||||||
CPS |
— | 32,000 | (6) | — | — | — | 32,000 | 32,000 | |||||||||||||||
Net credit derivatives(9) |
(537,321 | ) | (487,263 | )(10) | — | — | — | (1,024,584 | ) | (486,994 | ) | ||||||||||||
35
FINANCIAL SECURITY ASSURANCE INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited) (Continued)
5. FAIR VALUE OPTION
SFAS 159 provides an option to elect fair value as an alternative measurement for selected financial assets and financial liabilities not previously carried at fair value. The fair-value option may be applied to single eligible instruments, is irrevocable and is applied only to entire instruments and not to portions of instruments. For a discussion of the Company's valuation methodologies, see Note 4.
The Company's fair value elections were intended to mitigate the volatility in earnings that had been created by recording financial instruments and the related risk management instruments on a different basis of accounting, to eliminate the operational complexities of applying hedge accounting or to conform to the fair value elections made by the Company in 2006 under its International Financial Reporting Standards reporting to Dexia. However, where the Company carries liabilities at fair value, the potential for volatility in the Company's earnings is created by incorporating the Company's own credit risk in the valuation of liabilities, which is required by SFAS 157. The following table provides detail regarding the Company's elections by consolidated balance sheet line at January 1, 2008.
Cumulative Effect of SFAS 159 Adoption at January 1, 2008
| |
Carrying Value of Financial Instruments |
Transition Gain/ (Loss) Recorded in Retained Earnings |
Adjusted Carrying Value of Financial Instruments |
||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| |
|
(in thousands) |
|||||||||
Assets acquired in refinancing transactions |
$ | 163,285 | $ | 2,537 | (1) | $ | 165,822 | ||||
VIE segment debt |
(1,824,676 | ) | (28,083 | ) | (1,852,759 | ) | |||||
Subtotal |
(25,546 | ) | |||||||||
Noncontrolling interest |
28,083 | ||||||||||
Deferred income taxes |
(888 | ) | |||||||||
Cumulative effect of adoption of SFAS 159 |
$ | 1,649 | |||||||||
Elections
On January 1, 2008, the Company elected to record the following at fair value:
36
FINANCIAL SECURITY ASSURANCE INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited) (Continued)
5. FAIR VALUE OPTION (Continued)
Changes in Fair Value under the Fair Value Option Election
The following table presents the pre-tax changes in fair value included in the consolidated statements of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2009 and 2008, for items for which the SFAS 159 fair value election was made.
Net Unrealized Gains (Losses) on Financial Instruments at Fair Value
| |
Three Months Ended March 31, |
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| |
2009 | 2008 | |||||
| |
(in thousands) |
||||||
Assets acquired in refinancing transactions |
$ | 23,019 | $ | (1,861 | ) | ||
VIE segment debt |
261,843 | (150,034 | ) | ||||
Included in the amounts in the table above are gains of approximately $163.9 million and $23.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively, that are attributable to widening in the Company's own credit spread.
Aggregate Fair Value and Aggregate Remaining Contractual Principal Balance Outstanding
The following table reflects the aggregate fair value and the aggregate remaining contractual principal balance outstanding at March 31, 2009 and December 31, 2008, for certain assets acquired in refinancing transactions and VIE segment debt for which the SFAS 159 fair value option has been elected.
| |
At March 31, 2009 | At December 31, 2008 | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| |
Remaining Aggregate Contractual Principal Amount Outstanding |
Fair Value | Remaining Aggregate Contractual Principal Amount Outstanding |
Fair Value | |||||||||
| |
(in thousands) |
||||||||||||
Assets acquired in refinancing transactions |
$ | 127,965 | (1) | $ | 135,656 | $ | 133,124 | (1) | $ | 117,796 | |||
VIE segment debt(2) |
1,619,386 | 546,036 | 1,681,855 | 799,086 | |||||||||
37
FINANCIAL SECURITY ASSURANCE INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited) (Continued)
6. GENERAL INVESTMENT PORTFOLIO
The credit quality of fixed-income securities in the General Investment Portfolio based on amortized cost was as follows:
General Investment Portfolio Fixed-Income Securities by Rating
Rating(1)
|
At March 31, 2009 Percent of Bonds |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
AAA(2) |
39.1 | % | |||
AA |
40.9 | ||||
A |
16.7 | ||||
BBB |
3.2 | ||||
Below investment grade |
0.1 | ||||
Total |
100.0 | % | |||
The General Investment Portfolio includes bonds insured by FSA ("FSA-Insured Investments") that were acquired in the ordinary course of business. Of the bonds included in the General Investment Portfolio at March 31, 2009, 7.0% were insured by FSA and 28.3% were insured by other monolines. All of the FSA-Insured Investments were investment grade without giving effect to the FSA insurance. The average shadow rating of the FSA-Insured Investments, which is the rating without giving effect to the FSA guaranty, was the Single-A range. These assets are included in the Company's surveillance process and, at March 31, 2009, no loss reserves were anticipated on any of these assets.
38
FINANCIAL SECURITY ASSURANCE INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited) (Continued)
6. GENERAL INVESTMENT PORTFOLIO (Continued)
The amortized cost and fair value of the securities in the General Investment Portfolio were as follows:
General Investment Portfolio by Security Type
| |
At March 31, 2009 | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Investment Category
|
Amortized Cost |
Gross Unrealized Gains |
Gross Unrealized Losses |
Fair Value | ||||||||||
| |
(in thousands) |
|||||||||||||
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government corporations and agencies |
$ | 101,361 | $ | 6,496 | $ | (15 | ) | $ | 107,842 | |||||
Obligations of U.S. states and political subdivisions |
4,366,728 | 123,512 | (84,861 | ) | 4,405,379 | |||||||||
Mortgage-backed securities |
375,764 | 17,389 | (9,441 | ) | 383,712 | |||||||||
Corporate securities |
188,499 | 5,727 | (1,351 | ) | 192,875 | |||||||||
Foreign securities(1) |
307,728 | 137 | (50,428 | ) | 257,437 | |||||||||
Asset-backed securities |
17,649 | 105 | — | 17,754 | ||||||||||
Total bonds |
5,357,729 | 153,366 | (146,096 | ) | 5,364,999 | |||||||||
Short-term investments(2) |
457,346 | 5 | (520 | ) | 456,831 | |||||||||
Total fixed-income securities |
5,815,075 | 153,371 | (146,616 | ) | 5,821,830 | |||||||||
Equity securities |
1,802 | — | (1,229 | ) | 573 | |||||||||
Total General Investment Portfolio |
$ | 5,816,877 | $ | 153,371 | $ | (147,845 | ) | $ | 5,822,403 | |||||
| |
At December 31, 2008 | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Investment Category
|
Amortized Cost |
Gross Unrealized Gains |
Gross Unrealized Losses |
Fair Value | ||||||||||
| |
(in thousands) |
|||||||||||||
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government corporations and agencies |
$ | 103,725 | $ | 9,127 | $ | (23 | ) | $ | 112,829 | |||||
Obligations of U.S. states and political subdivisions |
4,321,118 | 87,081 | (168,414 | ) | 4,239,785 | |||||||||
Mortgage-backed securities |
393,001 | 13,365 | (9,492 | ) | 396,874 | |||||||||
Corporate securities |
203,396 | 7,650 | (3,492 | ) | 207,554 | |||||||||
Foreign securities(1) |
333,646 | 334 | (50,271 | ) | 283,709 | |||||||||
Asset-backed securities |
25,656 | — | (1,869 | ) | 23,787 | |||||||||
Total bonds |
5,380,542 | 117,557 | (233,561 | ) | 5,264,538 | |||||||||
Short-term investments(2) |
615,299 | 825 | (59 | ) | 616,065 | |||||||||
Total fixed-income securities |
5,995,841 | 118,382 | (233,620 | ) | 5,880,603 | |||||||||
Equity securities |
1,434 | — | (1,060 | ) | 374 | |||||||||
Total General Investment Portfolio |
$ | 5,997,275 | $ | 118,382 | $ | (234,680 | ) | $ | 5,880,977 | |||||
39
FINANCIAL SECURITY ASSURANCE INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited) (Continued)
6. GENERAL INVESTMENT PORTFOLIO (Continued)
The following table shows the gross unrealized losses and fair value of bonds in the General Investment Portfolio, aggregated by investment category and length of time that individual securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position:
Aging of Unrealized Losses of Bonds in General Investment Portfolio
| |
At March 31, 2009 | |||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Aging Categories
|
Number of Securities |
Amortized Cost |
Unrealized Losses |
Fair Value | Unrealized Loss as a Percentage of Amortized Cost |
|||||||||||||
| |
(dollars in thousands) |
|||||||||||||||||
Less than Six Months(1) |
||||||||||||||||||
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government corporations and agencies |
$ | — | $ | — | $ | — | — | % | ||||||||||
Obligations of U.S. states and political subdivisions |
301,158 | (10,632 | ) | 290,526 | (3.5 | ) | ||||||||||||
Mortgage-backed securities |
2,614 | (12 | ) | 2,602 | (0.5 | ) | ||||||||||||
Corporate securities |
— | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||
Foreign securities |
57,756 | (884 | ) | 56,872 | (1.5 | ) | ||||||||||||
Asset-backed securities |
— | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||
Total |
79 | 361,528 | (11,528 | ) | 350,000 | (3.2 | ) | |||||||||||
More than Six Months but Less than 12 Months(2) |
||||||||||||||||||
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government corporations and agencies |
— | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||
Obligations of U.S. states and political subdivisions |
509,336 | (25,291 | ) | 484,045 | (5.0 | ) | ||||||||||||
Mortgage-backed securities |
11,507 | (3,123 | ) | 8,384 | (27.1 | ) | ||||||||||||
Corporate securities |
8,919 | (1,351 | ) | 7,568 | (15.1 | ) | ||||||||||||
Foreign securities |
234,363 | (45,968 | ) | 188,395 | (19.6 | ) | ||||||||||||
Asset-backed securities |
— | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||
Total |
192 | 764,125 | (75,733 | ) | 688,392 | (9.9 | ) | |||||||||||
12 Months or More(3) |
||||||||||||||||||
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government corporations and agencies |
297 | (15 | ) | 282 | (5.1 | ) | ||||||||||||
Obligations of U.S. states and political subdivisions |
645,754 | (48,938 | ) | 596,816 | (7.6 | ) | ||||||||||||
Mortgage-backed securities |
21,392 | (6,306 | ) | 15,086 | (29.5 | ) | ||||||||||||
Corporate securities |
— | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||
Foreign securities |
14,746 | (3,576 | ) | 11,170 | (24.3 | ) | ||||||||||||
Asset-backed securities |
— | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||
Total |
212 | 682,189 | (58,835 | ) | 623,354 | (8.6 | ) | |||||||||||
Total |
||||||||||||||||||
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government corporations and agencies |
297 | (15 | ) | 282 | (5.1 | ) | ||||||||||||
Obligations of U.S. states and political subdivisions |
1,456,248 | (84,861 | ) | 1,371,387 | (5.8 | ) | ||||||||||||
Mortgage-backed securities |
35,513 | (9,441 | ) | 26,072 | (26.6 | ) | ||||||||||||
Corporate securities |
8,919 | (1,351 | ) | 7,568 | (15.1 | ) | ||||||||||||
Foreign securities |
306,865 | (50,428 | ) | 256,437 | (16.4 | ) | ||||||||||||
Asset-backed securities |
— | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||
Total |
483 | $ | 1,807,842 | $ | (146,096 | ) | $ | 1,661,746 | (8.1 | )% | ||||||||
40
FINANCIAL SECURITY ASSURANCE INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited) (Continued)
6. GENERAL INVESTMENT PORTFOLIO (Continued)
| |
At December 31, 2008 | |||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Aging Categories
|
Number of Securities |
Amortized Cost |
Unrealized Losses |
Fair Value | Unrealized Loss as a Percentage of Amortized Cost |
|||||||||||||
| |
(dollars in thousands) |
|||||||||||||||||
Less than Six Months(1) |
||||||||||||||||||
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government corporations and agencies |
$ | 137 | $ | (1 | ) | $ | 136 | (0.7 | )% | |||||||||
Obligations of U.S. states and political subdivisions |
993,745 | (58,846 | ) | 934,899 | (5.9 | ) | ||||||||||||
Mortgage-backed securities |
8,684 | (118 | ) | 8,566 | (1.4 | ) | ||||||||||||
Corporate securities |
20,654 | (1,459 | ) | 19,195 | (7.1 | ) | ||||||||||||
Foreign securities |
220,257 | (30,425 | ) | 189,832 | (13.8 | ) | ||||||||||||
Asset-backed securities |
23,288 | (1,469 | ) | 21,819 | (6.3 | ) | ||||||||||||
Total |
310 | 1,266,765 | (92,318 | ) | 1,174,447 | (7.3 | ) | |||||||||||
More than Six Months but Less than 12 Months(2) |
||||||||||||||||||
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government corporations and agencies |
37 | (1 | ) | 36 | (2.7 | ) | ||||||||||||
Obligations of U.S. states and political subdivisions |
587,069 | (53,447 | ) | 533,622 | (9.1 | ) | ||||||||||||
Mortgage-backed securities |
31,793 | (8,310 | ) | 23,483 | (26.1 | ) | ||||||||||||
Corporate securities |
24,441 | (1,389 | ) | 23,052 | (5.7 | ) | ||||||||||||
Foreign securities |
95,887 | (18,890 | ) | 76,997 | (19.7 | ) | ||||||||||||
Asset-backed securities |
1,456 | (117 | ) | 1,339 | (8.0 | ) | ||||||||||||
Total |
230 | 740,683 | (82,154 | ) | 658,529 | (11.1 | ) | |||||||||||
12 Months or More(3) |
||||||||||||||||||
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government corporations and agencies |
331 | (21 | ) | 310 | (6.3 | ) | ||||||||||||
Obligations of U.S. states and political subdivisions |
407,344 | (56,121 | ) | 351,223 | (13.8 | ) | ||||||||||||
Mortgage-backed securities |
10,157 | (1,064 | ) | 9,093 | (10.5 | ) | ||||||||||||
Corporate securities |
8,179 | (644 | ) | 7,535 | (7.9 | ) | ||||||||||||
Foreign securities |
4,072 | (956 | ) | 3,116 | (23.5 | ) | ||||||||||||
Asset-backed securities |
912 | (283 | ) | 629 | (31.0 | ) | ||||||||||||
Total |
184 | 430,995 | (59,089 | ) | 371,906 | (13.7 | ) | |||||||||||
Total |
||||||||||||||||||
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government corporations and agencies |
505 | (23 | ) | 482 | (4.6 | ) | ||||||||||||
Obligations of U.S. states and political subdivisions |
1,988,158 | (168,414 | ) | 1,819,744 | (8.5 | ) | ||||||||||||
Mortgage-backed securities |
50,634 | (9,492 | ) | 41,142 | (18.7 | ) | ||||||||||||
Corporate securities |
53,274 | (3,492 | ) | 49,782 | (6.6 | ) | ||||||||||||
Foreign securities |
320,216 | (50,271 | ) | 269,945 | (15.7 | ) | ||||||||||||
Asset-backed securities |
25,656 | (1,869 | ) | 23,787 | (7.3 | ) | ||||||||||||
Total |
724 | $ | 2,438,443 | $ | (233,561 | ) | $ | 2,204,882 | (9.6 | ) | ||||||||
In the first quarter of 2009, the Company had an OTTI charge of $8.7 million attributable to several municipal bonds, corporate bonds and asset-backed securities, offset in part by realized gains on
41
FINANCIAL SECURITY ASSURANCE INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited) (Continued)
6. GENERAL INVESTMENT PORTFOLIO (Continued)
sales. There was no OTTI charge in the first quarter of 2008. Realized losses from the General Investment Portfolio were $0.2 million in the first quarter of 2008.
Management has determined that the remaining unrealized losses in fixed-income securities at March 31, 2009 are primarily attributable to the current interest rate environment and has concluded that these unrealized losses are temporary in nature based upon (a) the lack of principal or interest payment defaults on these securities, (b) the creditworthiness of the issuers, and (c) the Company's ability and current intent to hold these securities until a recovery in fair value or maturity. As of March 31, 2009 and December 31, 2008, 99.8% and 100%, respectively, of the securities that were in a gross unrealized loss position were rated investment grade. Management has based its conclusions on current facts and circumstances. Events could occur in the future that could change management conclusions about its ability and intent to hold such securities.
The amortized cost and fair value of fixed-income investments in the General Investment Portfolio as of March 31, 2009 and December 31, 2008, by contractual maturity, are shown below. Actual maturities could differ from contractual maturities because borrowers have the right to call or prepay certain obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties.
Distribution of Fixed-Income Securities in General Investment Portfolio
by Contractual Maturity
| |
At March 31, 2009 | At December 31, 2008 | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| |
Amortized Cost |
Fair Value |
Amortized Cost |
Fair Value |
||||||||||
| |
(in thousands) |
|||||||||||||
Due in one year or less |
$ | 785,373 | $ | 792,432 | $ | 797,372 | $ | 801,867 | ||||||
Due after one year through five years |
790,776 | 793,693 | 1,034,999 | 1,044,285 | ||||||||||
Due after five years through ten years |
861,686 | 879,242 | 823,258 | 827,436 | ||||||||||
Due after ten years |
2,983,827 | 2,954,997 | 2,921,555 | 2,786,354 | ||||||||||
Mortgage-backed securities(1) |
375,764 | 383,712 | 393,001 | 396,874 | ||||||||||
Asset-backed securities(2) |
17,649 | 17,754 | 25,656 | 23,787 | ||||||||||
Total fixed-income securities in General Investment Portfolio |
$ | 5,815,075 | $ | 5,821,830 | $ | 5,995,841 | $ | 5,880,603 | ||||||
42
FINANCIAL SECURITY ASSURANCE INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited) (Continued)
7. VIE SEGMENT INVESTMENT PORTFOLIO
The Company insures all the investments that support the VIE liabilities. The credit quality of the available-for-sale securities in the VIE Segment Investment Portfolio, without the benefit of the Company's insurance, was as follows:
Available-for-Sale Securities in the VIE Segment Investment Portfolio by Rating
Rating(1)
|
At March 31, 2009 Percent of Bonds |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
AAA |
1.1 | % | |||
A |
76.5 | ||||
BBB |
22.4 | ||||
Total |
100.0 | % | |||
The amortized cost and fair value of available-for-sale securities and short-term investments in the VIE Segment Investment Portfolio were as follows:
Available-for-Sale Securities in the VIE Segment Investment Portfolio by Security Type
| |
At March 31, 2009 | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Investment Category
|
Amortized Cost |
Gross Unrealized Gains |
Fair Value |
||||||||
| |
(in thousands) |
||||||||||
Obligations of U.S. states and political subdivisions |
$ | 12,047 | $ | 1,202 | $ | 13,249 | |||||
Foreign securities |
9,095 | 239 | 9,334 | ||||||||
Asset-backed securities |
770,878 | 2,668 | 773,546 | ||||||||
Total available-for-sale bonds |
792,020 | 4,109 | 796,129 | ||||||||
Available-for-sale GICs |
664,750 | 86,554 | 751,304 | ||||||||
Short-term investments |
8,910 | — | 8,910 | ||||||||
Total available-for-sale securities |
$ | 1,465,680 | $ | 90,663 | $ | 1,556,343 | |||||
43
FINANCIAL SECURITY ASSURANCE INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited) (Continued)
7. VIE SEGMENT INVESTMENT PORTFOLIO (Continued)
| |
At December 31, 2008 | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Investment Category
|
Amortized Cost |
Gross Unrealized Gains |
Fair Value |
||||||||
| |
(in thousands) |
||||||||||
Obligations of U.S. states and political subdivisions |
$ | 12,931 | $ | — | $ | 12,931 | |||||
Foreign securities |
9,300 | 239 | 9,539 | ||||||||
Asset-backed securities |
900,862 | — | 900,862 | ||||||||
Total available-for-sale bonds |
923,093 | 239 | 923,332 | ||||||||
Available-for-sale GICs |
695,898 | 105,649 | 801,547 | ||||||||
Short-term investments |
8,221 | — | 8,221 | ||||||||
Total available-for-sale securities |
$ | 1,627,212 | $ | 105,888 | $ | 1,733,100 | |||||
Historically, the Company had the ability and intent to hold the VIE Segment Investment Portfolio to maturity. However, the Company no longer has such intent, due to Dexia's agreement under the Purchase Agreement to retain the VIE operations and segregate or separate the Company's VIE operations from the Company's financial guaranty operations. As a result, the Company was required to record an OTTI charge for all assets in the portfolio in an unrealized loss position at March 31, 2009 and December 31, 2008. OTTI of $124.6 million was recorded in "net realized gains (losses) from variable interest entities segment" on the VIE Segment Investment Portfolio in the first quarter of 2009. There was no OTTI charge in the VIE Segment Investment Portfolio in the first quarter of 2008.
The amortized cost and fair value of available-for-sale bonds and short-term investments in the VIE Segment Investment Portfolio by contractual maturity are shown below. Actual maturities could differ from contractual maturities because borrowers have the right to call or prepay certain obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties.
Distribution of Available-for-Sale Bonds
in the VIE Segment Investment Portfolio by Contractual Maturity
| |
At March 31, 2009 | At December 31, 2008 | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| |
Amortized Cost |
Fair Value |
Amortized Cost |
Fair Value |
||||||||||
| |
(in thousands) |
|||||||||||||
Due in one year or less |
$ | 18,005 | $ | 18,244 | $ | 17,521 | $ | 17,760 | ||||||
Due after ten years |
12,047 | 13,249 | 12,931 | 12,931 | ||||||||||
Asset-backed securities(1) |
770,878 | 773,546 | 900,862 | 900,862 | ||||||||||
Total available-for-sale bonds and short-term investments |
$ | 800,930 | $ | 805,039 | $ | 931,314 | $ | 931,553 | ||||||
The amortized cost and fair value of the GICs in the VIE Segment Investment Portfolio by contractual maturity are shown below. Actual maturities could differ from contractual maturities
44
FINANCIAL SECURITY ASSURANCE INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited) (Continued)
7. VIE SEGMENT INVESTMENT PORTFOLIO (Continued)
because borrowers have the right to call or prepay certain obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties.
Distribution of Available-for-sale GICs
in the VIE Segment Investment Portfolio by Contractual Maturity
| |
At March 31, 2009 | At December 31, 2008 | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| |
Amortized Cost |
Fair Value |
Amortized Cost |
Fair Value |
||||||||||
| |
(in thousands) |
|||||||||||||
Due in one year or less |
$ | 15,000 | $ | 15,000 | $ | 15,000 | $ | 15,000 | ||||||
Due after one year through five years |
88,751 | 88,751 | 88,751 | 88,751 | ||||||||||
Due after five years through ten years |
207,604 | 227,876 | 210,914 | 234,541 | ||||||||||
Due after ten years |
353,395 | 419,677 | 381,233 | 463,255 | ||||||||||
Total available-for-sale GICs |
$ | 664,750 | $ | 751,304 | $ | 695,898 | $ | 801,547 | ||||||
At March 31, 2009 and December 31, 2008, there were two held-to-maturity GICs in the VIE Segment Investment Portfolio with carrying value of $262.7 million and $279.2 million, respectively, with maturity dates of October 3, 2012 and November 12, 2013. These GICs are recorded in "other assets."
Securities Pledged to Note Holders and Derivative Counterparties
Substantially all the assets of FSA Global are pledged to secure the repayment, on a pro rata basis, of FSA Global's notes and its other obligations. FSA Global, under the terms of its derivative agreements, is not required to pledge collateral. Its counterparties, however, may be required to pledge collateral or transfer assets to FSA Global.
At March 31, 2009, the Company had $409.0 million of collateral from counterparties to reduce its net derivative exposure to such parties.
8. VARIABLE INTEREST ENTITIES SEGMENT DEBT
At March 31, 2009, interest rates on VIE segment debt were between 1.98% and 6.22% per annum. Payments due under the VIE segment debt include $689.9 million of future interest accretion on zero coupon obligations. The following table presents the principal amounts due under VIE segment
45
FINANCIAL SECURITY ASSURANCE INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited) (Continued)
8. VARIABLE INTEREST ENTITIES SEGMENT DEBT (Continued)
debt for the remainder of 2009, each of the next four calendar years ending December 31, and thereafter:
Expected Maturity Schedule of VIE Segment Debt
Year
|
Principal Amount | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| |
(in thousands) |
||||
2009 |
$ | 340,121 | |||
2010 |
94,428 | ||||
2011 |
17,581 | ||||
2012 |
136,255 | ||||
2013 |
137,065 | ||||
Thereafter |
2,008,460 | ||||
Total |
$ | 2,733,910 | |||
9. OUTSTANDING EXPOSURE
The Company's insurance policies typically guarantee the scheduled payments of principal and interest on public finance and asset-backed (including credit derivatives in the insured portfolio) obligations. The gross amount of financial guaranties in force (principal and interest) was $838.6 billion at March 31, 2009 and $833.9 billion at December 31, 2008. The net amount of financial guaranties in force was $633.3 billion at March 31, 2009 and $631.5 billion at December 31, 2008.
The Company seeks to limit its exposure to losses from writing financial guarantees by underwriting investment-grade obligations, diversifying its portfolio and maintaining rigorous collateral requirements on asset-backed obligations, as well as through reinsurance.
46
FINANCIAL SECURITY ASSURANCE INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited) (Continued)
9. OUTSTANDING EXPOSURE (Continued)
The par outstanding of insured obligations in the public finance insured portfolio includes the following amounts by type of issue:
Summary of Public Finance Insured Portfolio(1)
| |
Gross Par Outstanding | Ceded Par Outstanding | Net Par Outstanding | ||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Types of Issues
|
March 31, 2009 |
December 31, 2008 |
March 31, 2009 |
December 31, 2008 |
March 31, 2009 |
December 31, 2008 |
|||||||||||||||
| |
(in millions) |
||||||||||||||||||||
Domestic obligations |
|||||||||||||||||||||
General obligation |
$ | 167,211 | $ | 155,249 | $ | 34,071 | $ | 30,186 | $ | 133,140 | $ | 125,063 | |||||||||
Tax-supported |
77,607 | 73,718 | 19,607 | 18,272 | 58,000 | 55,446 | |||||||||||||||
Municipal utility revenue |
65,166 | 63,516 | 13,569 | 13,175 | 51,597 | 50,341 | |||||||||||||||
Health care revenue |
21,908 | 21,841 | 9,634 | 9,656 | 12,274 | 12,185 | |||||||||||||||
Housing revenue |
9,011 | 9,310 | 1,794 | 1,876 | 7,217 | 7,434 | |||||||||||||||
Transportation revenue |
32,791 | 32,493 | 11,360 | 11,189 | 21,431 | 21,304 | |||||||||||||||
Education/University |
10,132 | 9,560 | 1,837 | 1,658 | 8,295 | 7,902 | |||||||||||||||
Other domestic public finance |
2,869 | 2,858 | 669 | 677 | 2,200 | 2,181 | |||||||||||||||
Subtotal |
386,695 | 368,545 | 92,541 | 86,689 | 294,154 | 281,856 | |||||||||||||||
International obligations |
39,781 | 40,637 | 15,720 | 16,074 | 24,061 | 24,563 | |||||||||||||||
Total public finance obligations |
$ | 426,476 | $ | 409,182 | $ | 108,261 | $ | 102,763 | $ | 318,215 | $ | 306,419 | |||||||||
47
FINANCIAL SECURITY ASSURANCE INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited) (Continued)
9. OUTSTANDING EXPOSURE (Continued)
The par outstanding of insured obligations in the asset-backed insured portfolio includes the following amounts by type of collateral:
Summary of Asset-Backed Insured Portfolio
| |
Gross Par Outstanding | Ceded Par Outstanding | Net Par Outstanding | ||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Types of Collateral
|
March 31, 2009 |
December 31, 2008 |
March 31, 2009 |
December 31, 2008 |
March 31, 2009 |
December 31, 2008 |
|||||||||||||||
| |
(in millions) |
||||||||||||||||||||
Domestic obligations |
|||||||||||||||||||||
Residential mortgages |
$ | 18,767 | $ | 19,453 | $ | 2,299 | $ | 2,401 | $ | 16,468 | $ | 17,052 | |||||||||
Consumer receivables(1) |
6,236 | 6,946 | 826 | 907 | 5,410 | 6,039 | |||||||||||||||
Pooled corporate |
62,496 | 63,764 | 8,759 | 8,861 | 53,737 | 54,903 | |||||||||||||||
Financial products(2) |
13,469 | 15,253 | — | — | 13,469 | 15,253 | |||||||||||||||
Other domestic asset-backed |
3,309 | 3,194 | 1,745 | 1,626 | 1,564 | 1,568 | |||||||||||||||
Subtotal |
104,277 | 108,610 | 13,629 | 13,795 | 90,648 | 94,815 | |||||||||||||||
International obligations |
26,426 | 27,391 | 4,328 | 4,531 | 22,098 | 22,860 | |||||||||||||||
Total asset-backed obligations |
$ | 130,703 | $ | 136,001 | $ | 17,957 | $ | 18,326 | $ | 112,746 | $ | 117,675 | |||||||||
10. FEDERAL INCOME TAXES
Dexia Holdings, the Parent, the Company and the Parent's other subsidiaries, except Financial Security Assurance International Ltd., a Bermuda insurance company, file a consolidated U.S. federal income tax return. Under the terms of a tax-sharing agreement, each company pays taxes as if a separate return were prepared.
In addition, the Company and its subsidiaries or branches file separate tax returns in various states and local and foreign jurisdictions, including the United Kingdom, Japan, Mexico and Australia. With limited exceptions, the Company and its subsidiaries are no longer subject to income tax examinations for its 2005 and prior tax years for U.S. federal, state and local, or non-U.S. jurisdictions.
48
FINANCIAL SECURITY ASSURANCE INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited) (Continued)
10. FEDERAL INCOME TAXES (Continued)
A reconciliation of the effective tax rate (before noncontrolling interest) with the federal statutory rate follows:
Effective Tax Rate Reconciliation
| |
Three Months Ended March 31, |
|||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| |
2009 | 2008 | ||||||
Tax provision (benefit) at statutory rate |
35.0 | % | (35.0 | )% | ||||
Tax-exempt investments |
(2.7 | ) | (2.5 | ) | ||||
Noncontrolling interest |
(2.5 | ) | (1.5 | ) | ||||
Fair-value adjustment for CPS |
(1.0 | ) | (1.9 | ) | ||||
Other |
0.1 | 0.1 | ||||||
Provision (benefit) for income taxes |
28.9 | % | (40.8 | )% | ||||
The current and prior-year effective tax rates reflect mark to market income in FSA Global Funding debt that was not tax-effected, tax-exempt interest and the tax-exempt fair-value adjustments related to the Company's committed preferred shares.
Within the next 12 months, it is reasonably possible that unrecognized tax benefits for tax positions taken on previously filed tax returns will become recognized as a result of the expiration of the statute of limitations for the 2005 tax year, which, absent any extension, will close in September 2009.
The net deferred tax asset of $599 million at March 31, 2009 consisted primarily of deferred taxes on mark to market of CDS and loss reserves, offset by other net liabilities. The Company's management has concluded that no valuation allowance was required at March 31, 2009.
The tax benefit from CDS mark to market and loss reserves would be realizable against future ordinary income. Negative evidence includes the uncertainty of selling financial guaranty policies in the future as well as the stability of the Company's credit rating by the three principal rating agencies. However, the Company has substantial streams of future premium earnings from its in force insured portfolio, with the total aggregating to approximately $3.7 billion at March 31, 2009. Even with the uncertainty of future business and the Company's credit ratings, future premium revenues, coupled with investment income less expenses, are expected to be more than sufficient to offset current incurred losses, including credit derivatives losses. The Company's loss reserves represent the discounted value of future claims. Therefore, the accretion of losses to the undiscounted future value has also been taken into consideration, and the Company does not anticipate any significant additional loss trends. The Company expects total future accretion on loss reserves of about $525.8 million. In addition, except for true credit losses, mark-to-market losses from CDS contracts will reverse over time. As the mark-to-market losses reverse, the deferred tax asset will also reverse. To the extent that true credit losses increase, the related mark-to-market losses will not fully reverse and the Company may not be able to offset such future losses against future ordinary income.
The Company treats its CDS contracts as insurance contracts for U.S. tax purposes. The current federal tax treatment of CDS contracts is an unsettled area of tax law. Market participants are generally treating CDS contracts for tax purposes as one of the following: (1) notional principal contract ("NPC") derivative instruments, (2) guarantees, (3) insurance contracts, or (4) capital assets.
49
FINANCIAL SECURITY ASSURANCE INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited) (Continued)
10. FEDERAL INCOME TAXES (Continued)
The Company believes that it is more likely than not that its CDS contracts are either NPC or insurance contracts. Both receipts and payments arising from NPC and insurance contracts are characterized as ordinary income (although a termination of a CDS contract as an NPC may be treated as a capital transaction). Although the Company believes it is properly treating potential losses on its CDS contracts as ordinary, there are no assurances that the Internal Revenue Service ("IRS") will agree with the Company. Should the IRS disagree with the Company and characterize such losses, if any, as capital losses, the Company's ability to realize a related tax asset would be more limited, possibly leading to a reduction or elimination of the related deferred tax asset.
11. NOTES PAYABLE TO AFFILIATE
For the three months ended March 31, 2009 and 2008, the Company recorded $2.5 million and $3.7 million, respectively, of interest expense on notes payable to affiliate.
Principal payments due under these notes for each of the remainder of 2009, each of the next four calendar years ending December 31, and thereafter are as follows:
Expected Maturity Schedule of Notes Payable
Expected Withdrawal Date
|
Principal Amount | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| |
(in thousands) |
||||
2009 |
$ | 19,315 | |||
2010 |
7,277 | ||||
2011 |
5,572 | ||||
2012 |
24,031 | ||||
2013 |
31,206 | ||||
Thereafter |
78,823 | ||||
Total |
$ | 166,224 | |||
50
FINANCIAL SECURITY ASSURANCE INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited) (Continued)
12. CREDIT DERIVATIVES IN THE INSURED PORTFOLIO
The components of net change in fair value of credit derivatives are shown in the table below:
Summary of the Net Change in Fair Value of Credit Derivatives
| |
Three Months Ended March 31, |
||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| |
2009 | 2008 | |||||||||||
| |
(in thousands) |
||||||||||||
Net change in fair value of credit derivatives: |
|||||||||||||
Realized gains (losses) and other settlements |
$ | (45,754 | ) | $ | 36,179 | ||||||||
Net unrealized gains (losses): |
|||||||||||||
CDS: |
|||||||||||||
Pooled corporate CDS: |
|||||||||||||
Investment grade |
185,995 | (173,883 | ) | ||||||||||
High yield |
41,031 | (141,842 | ) | ||||||||||
Total pooled corporate CDS |
227,026 | (315,725 | ) | ||||||||||
Funded CLOs and CDOs |
290,562 | (119,380 | ) | ||||||||||
Other structured obligations |
40,872 | (55,895 | ) | ||||||||||
Total CDS |
558,460 | (491,000 | ) | ||||||||||
IR swaps and FG contracts with embedded derivatives |
14,734 | 1,866 | |||||||||||
Net unrealized gains (losses) |
573,194 | (489,134 | ) | ||||||||||
Net change in fair value of credit derivatives |
$ | 527,440 | $ | (452,955 | ) | ||||||||
51
FINANCIAL SECURITY ASSURANCE INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited) (Continued)
12. CREDIT DERIVATIVES IN THE INSURED PORTFOLIO (Continued)
The fair value of credit derivatives are reported in the balance sheet as an asset or liability based on the net gain or loss position with each counterparty. The unrealized component includes the market appreciation or depreciation of the derivative contracts, as discussed in Note 4.
Unrealized Gains (Losses) of the Credit Derivative Portfolio
| |
At March 31, 2009 |
At December 31, 2008 |
||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| |
(in thousands) |
|||||||||
Pooled corporate CDS: |
||||||||||
Investment grade |
$ | (69,994 | ) | $ | (255,980 | ) | ||||
High yield(1) |
(333,534 | ) | (374,249 | ) | ||||||
Total pooled corporate CDS |
(403,528 | ) | (630,229 | ) | ||||||
Funded CLOs and CDOs |
(188,430 | ) | (478,904 | ) | ||||||
Other structured obligations(1) |
(67,897 | ) | (108,841 | ) | ||||||
Total CDS |
(659,855 | ) | (1,217,974 | ) | ||||||
IR swaps and FG contracts with embedded derivatives(1) |
(30,393 | ) | (38,386 | ) | ||||||
Total net credit derivatives |
$ | (690,248 | ) | $ | (1,256,360 | ) | ||||
The positive fair-value adjustments for the quarter ended March 31, 2009 were a result of the positive income effects of the Company's own credit spread widening as reflected in the non-collateral posting factor. This positive income effect was offset in part by widening credit spreads on pooled corporate CDS and funded CDOs and CLOs, as well as structured credit products as compared to credit spreads on March 31, 2008.
As the fair value of a CDS contract incorporates all the remaining future payments to be received over the life of the CDS contract, the fair value of that contract will change, in part, solely from the passage of time as fees are received.
The Company's typical CDS contract is different from CDS contracts entered into by parties that are not financial guarantors because:
52
FINANCIAL SECURITY ASSURANCE INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited) (Continued)
12. CREDIT DERIVATIVES IN THE INSURED PORTFOLIO (Continued)
CDS contract sold by a financial guarantor. Terms of the CDS contracts are designed to replicate the payment provisions of financial guaranty contracts in that (a) losses, if any, are generally paid over time subject to market value termination payments generally due in the event of insurer insolvency, and (b) the financial guarantor is not required to post collateral to secure its obligation under the CDS contract.
CDS contracts in the asset-backed insured portfolio represent 71.6% of total asset-backed par outstanding. The Company has grouped CDS contracts by major category of underlying instrument for purposes of internal risk management and external reporting. The tables below summarize the credit rating, net par outstanding and remaining weighted average lives for the primary components of the Company's CDS portfolio. Net par outstanding in the table below is also included in the tables in Note 9.
Selected Information for CDS Portfolio
| |
At March 31, 2009 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| |
Credit Ratings | |
|
|||||||||||||||||||||
| |
|
Remaining Weighted Average Life |
||||||||||||||||||||||
| |
Triple-A*(1) | Triple-A | Double-A | Other Investment Grades(2) |
Below Investment Grade(3) |
Net Par Outstanding(4) |
||||||||||||||||||
| |
|
|
|
|
|
(in millions) |
(in years) |
|||||||||||||||||
Pooled Corporate CDS: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Investment grade |
100 | % | — | % | — | % | — | % | — | % | $ | 17,192 | 3.8 | |||||||||||
High yield |
41 | 57 | — | — | 2 | 14,649 | 2.2 | |||||||||||||||||
Funded CDOs and CLOs |
27 | 66 | (5) | 7 | — | — | 31,186 | 2.5 | ||||||||||||||||
Other structured obligations(6) |
54 | 11 | (5) | 8 | 23 | 4 | 8,046 | 2.4 | ||||||||||||||||
Total |
50 | 42 | 4 | 3 | 1 | $ | 71,073 | 2.7 | ||||||||||||||||
53
FINANCIAL SECURITY ASSURANCE INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited) (Continued)
12. CREDIT DERIVATIVES IN THE INSURED PORTFOLIO (Continued)
| |
At December 31, 2008 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| |
Credit Ratings | |
|
|||||||||||||||||||||
| |
|
Remaining Weighted Average Life |
||||||||||||||||||||||
| |
Triple-A*(1) | Triple-A | Double-A | Other Investment Grades(2) |
Below Investment Grade(3) |
Net Par Outstanding(4) |
||||||||||||||||||
| |
|
|
|
|
|
(in millions) |
(in years) |
|||||||||||||||||
Pooled Corporate CDS: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Investment grade |
100 | % | — | % | — | % | — | % | — | % | $ | 17,464 | 4.1 | |||||||||||
High yield |
41 | 54 | — | — | 5 | 15,467 | 2.4 | |||||||||||||||||
Funded CDOs and CLOs |
27 | 65 | (5) | 7 | 1 | — | 31,681 | 2.6 | ||||||||||||||||
Other structured obligations(6) |
53 | 11 | (5) | 8 | 27 | 1 | 8,272 | 2.6 | ||||||||||||||||
Total |
50 | 41 | 4 | 4 | 1 | $ | 72,884 | 2.9 | ||||||||||||||||
13. VARIABLE INTEREST ENTITIES SEGMENT DERIVATIVE INSTRUMENTS AND HEDGE ACCOUNTING
The Company enters into derivative contracts to manage interest rate and foreign currency exposure in its VIE segment debt and VIE Segment Investment Portfolio.
As a result of market interest rate fluctuations, fixed-rate assets and liabilities appreciate or depreciate in market value. Gains or losses on the derivative instruments that are linked to the fixed-rate assets and liabilities being hedged are expected to substantially offset this unrealized appreciation or depreciation relating to the risk being hedged.
The Company uses foreign currency contracts to manage the foreign exchange risk associated with certain foreign currency-denominated assets and liabilities. Gains or losses on the derivative instruments that are linked to the foreign currency denominated assets or liabilities being hedged are expected to substantially offset this variability.
54
FINANCIAL SECURITY ASSURANCE INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited) (Continued)
13. VARIABLE INTEREST ENTITIES SEGMENT DERIVATIVE INSTRUMENTS AND HEDGE ACCOUNTING (Continued)
In order for a derivative to qualify for hedge accounting, it must be highly effective at reducing the risk associated with the exposure being hedged. In order for a derivative to be designated as a hedge, there must be documentation of the risk management objective and strategy, including identification of the hedging instrument, the hedged item and the risk exposure, and how effectiveness is to be assessed prospectively and retrospectively. To assess effectiveness, the Company uses analysis of the sensitivity of fair values to changes in the risk being hedged, as well as dollar value comparisons of the change in the fair value of the derivative to the change in the fair value of the hedged item that is attributable to the risk being hedged. The extent to which a hedging instrument has been and is expected to continue to be effective at achieving offsetting changes in fair value must be assessed and documented at least quarterly. Any ineffectiveness must be reported in current-period earnings. If it is determined that a derivative is not highly effective at hedging the designated exposure, hedge accounting is discontinued.
An effective fair-value hedge is defined as one whose periodic change in fair value is 80% to 125% correlated with the change in fair value of the hedged item. The difference between a perfect hedge (i.e., the change in fair value of the hedge and hedged item offset one another so that there is zero effect on the consolidated statements of operations, referred to as being "100% correlated") and the actual correlation within the 80% to 125% effectiveness range is the ineffective portion of the hedge. A failed hedge is one whose correlation falls outside of the 80% to 125% effectiveness range.
FSA Global maintains fair-value hedges on only two investment securities. The net loss related to the ineffective portion of the Company's fair-value hedges, including changes in fair value of hedging instruments related to the passage of time, which was excluded from the assessment of hedge ineffectiveness, was $0.7 million in the first quarter of 2008. For 2009, this measure is not meaningful as substantially all assets in fair value hedging relationships have been recorded in the consolidated statements of operations as OTTI.
The inception-to-date net unrealized gain on derivatives (excluding accrued interest and collateral) in the VIE segment of $554.0 million and $641.1 million at March 31, 2009 and December 31, 2008, respectively, is recorded in "variable interest entities segment derivatives."
14. OTHER ASSETS AND OTHER LIABILITIES
The detailed balances that comprise "other assets" and "other liabilities" at March 31, 2009 and December 31, 2008 are as follows:
| |
At March 31, 2009 |
At December 31, 2008 |
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| |
(in thousands) |
|||||||
Other assets: |
||||||||
VIE other invested assets |
$ | 284,543 | $ | 304,598 | ||||
Accrued interest in VIE segment investment portfolio |
12,918 | 10,443 | ||||||
Accrued interest income on general investment portfolio |
68,918 | 70,465 | ||||||
Salvage and subrogation recoverable |
16,086 | 10,431 | ||||||
CPS at fair value |
115,700 | 100,000 | ||||||
Other assets |
350,524 | 116,890 | ||||||
Total other assets |
$ | 848,689 | $ | 612,827 | ||||
55
FINANCIAL SECURITY ASSURANCE INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited) (Continued)
14. OTHER ASSETS AND OTHER LIABILITIES (Continued)
| |
At March 31, 2009 |
At December 31, 2008 |
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| |
(in thousands) |
|||||||
Other liabilities: |
||||||||
Accrues interest in VIE segment debt |
$ | 78,522 | $ | 70,467 | ||||
Premiums payable, net |
239,279 | 14,309 | ||||||
Other liabilities |
298,750 | 148,124 | ||||||
Total other liabilities |
$ | 616,551 | $ | 232,900 | ||||
15. SEGMENT REPORTING
The Company operates in two business segments: financial guaranty and variable interest entities. The financial guaranty segment is primarily in the business of providing financial guaranty insurance, which it historically provided for both public finance and asset-backed obligations. The VIE segment includes the VIEs' operations. See Note 1 for a description of the Company's business. The following tables summarize the financial information by segment on a pre-tax basis, at and for the three months ended March 31, 2009 and 2008.
Financial Information Summary by Segment
| |
Three Months Ended March 31, 2009 | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| |
Financial Guaranty |
Variable Interest Entities |
Intersegment Eliminations |
Total | ||||||||||
| |
(in thousands) |
|||||||||||||
Revenues: |
||||||||||||||
External |
$ | 697,261 | $ | 52,458 | $ | — | $ | 749,719 | ||||||
Intersegment |
1,674 | — | (1,674 | ) | — | |||||||||
Expenses: |
||||||||||||||
External |
(196,364 | ) | (11,332 | ) | — | (207,696 | ) | |||||||
Intersegment |
— | (1,674 | ) | 1,674 | — | |||||||||
Income (loss) before income taxes |
502,571 | 39,452 | — | 542,023 | ||||||||||
Noncontrolling interest |
— | (39,452 | ) | — | (39,452 | ) | ||||||||
GAAP income to segment operating earnings adjustments |
(548,734 | ) | — | — | (548,734 | ) | ||||||||
Pre-tax segment operating earnings (losses) |
$ | (46,163 | ) | $ | — | $ | — | $ | (46,163 | ) | ||||
Segment assets |
$ | 10,144,445 | $ | 2,188,703 | $ | — | $ | 12,333,148 | ||||||
56
FINANCIAL SECURITY ASSURANCE INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited) (Continued)
15. SEGMENT REPORTING (Continued)
| |
Three Months Ended March 31, 2008 | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| |
Financial Guaranty |
Variable Interest Entities |
Intersegment Eliminations |
Total | ||||||||||
| |
(in thousands) |
|||||||||||||
Revenues: |
||||||||||||||
External |
$ | (266,736 | ) | $ | 75,526 | $ | — | $ | (191,210 | ) | ||||
Intersegment |
676 | — | (676 | ) | — | |||||||||
Expenses: |
||||||||||||||
External |
(343,710 | ) | (49,790 | ) | — | (393,500 | ) | |||||||
Intersegment |
— | (676 | ) | 676 | — | |||||||||
Income (loss) before income taxes |
(609,770 | ) | 25,060 | — | (584,710 | ) | ||||||||
Noncontrolling interest |
— | (25,060 | ) | — | (25,060 | ) | ||||||||
GAAP income to segment operating earnings adjustments |
457,689 | — | — | 457,689 | ||||||||||
Pre-tax segment operating earnings (losses) |
$ | (152,081 | ) | $ | — | $ | — | $ | (152,081 | ) | ||||
Segment assets |
$ | 8,233,520 | $ | 2,975,536 | $ | (521 | ) | $ | 11,208,535 | |||||
Reconciliations of Segments' Pre-Tax Operating Earnings (Losses) to
Net Income (Loss) of Financial Security Assurance Inc. and Subsidiaries
| |
Three Months Ended March 31, 2009 | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| |
Financial Guaranty |
Variable Interest Entities |
Intersegment Eliminations |
Total | |||||||||
| |
(in thousands) |
||||||||||||
Pre-tax segment operating earnings (losses) |
$ | (46,163 | ) | $ | — | $ | — | $ | (46,163 | ) | |||
Segment operating earnings to GAAP income adjustments |
548,734 | — | — | 548,734 | |||||||||
Tax (provision) benefit |
(156,445 | ) | |||||||||||
Net income (loss) of Financial Security Assurance Inc. and subsidiaries |
$ | 346,126 | |||||||||||
| |
Three Months Ended March 31, 2008 | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| |
Financial Guaranty |
Variable Interest Entities |
Intersegment Eliminations |
Total | |||||||||
| |
(in thousands) |
||||||||||||
Pre-tax segment operating earnings (losses) |
$ | (152,081 | ) | $ | — | $ | — | $ | (152,081 | ) | |||
Segment operating earnings to GAAP income adjustments |
(457,689 | ) | — | — | (457,689 | ) | |||||||
Tax (provision) benefit |
238,280 | ||||||||||||
Net income (loss) of Financial Security Assurance Inc. and subsidiaries |
$ | (371,490 | ) | ||||||||||
57
FINANCIAL SECURITY ASSURANCE INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited) (Continued)
15. SEGMENT REPORTING (Continued)
The intersegment revenues and expenses relate to premiums paid by FSA Global on FSA-insured notes.
GAAP income to segment operating earnings adjustments are comprised of non-economic fair-value adjustments for credit derivatives in the insured portfolio. Management believes that by making such adjustments the measure more closely reflects the underlying economic performance of segment operations.
16. RECENTLY ISSUED ACCOUNTING STANDARDS
In March 2008, the FASB issued SFAS No. 161, "Disclosures about Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities, an amendment of SFAS 133" ("SFAS 161"). This statement amends and expands the disclosure requirements for derivative instruments and hedging activities by requiring companies to provide enhanced disclosures about (a) how and why an entity uses derivative instruments, (b) how derivative instruments and related hedged items are accounted for under SFAS 133 and its related interpretations, and (c) how derivative instruments and related hedged items affect an entity's financial position, financial performance, and cash flows. SFAS 161 only requires additional disclosures concerning derivatives and hedging activities, which have been included in Note 4.
Recently Issued Accounting Standards that are Not Yet Effective
In April 2009, the FASB issued Staff Position ("FSP") FAS No. 115-2 and FAS No. 124-2, "Recognition and Presentation of Other-Than-Temporary Impairments" ("FSP FAS 115-2 and FAS 124-2"), which amends existing guidance for determining whether impairment is other-than-temporary for debt securities. FSP FAS 115-2 and FAS 124-2 requires an entity to assess whether it intends to sell, or it is more likely than not that it will be required to sell a security in an unrealized loss position before recovery of its amortized cost basis. If either of these criteria is met, the entire difference between amortized cost and fair value is recognized in earnings. For securities that do not meet the aforementioned criteria, the amount of impairment recognized in earnings is limited to the amount related to credit losses, while impairment related to other factors is recognized in other comprehensive income. Additionally, FSP FAS 115-2 and FAS 124-2 expands and increases the frequency of existing disclosures about other-than-temporary impairments for debt and equity securities. FSP FAS 115-2 and FAS 124-2 is effective for interim and annual reporting periods ending after June 15, 2009, with early adoption permitted for periods ending after March 15, 2009. The Company is currently assessing the impact of FSP FAS 115-2 and FAS 124-2 on the Company's consolidated financial position and results of operations.
In April 2009, the FASB issued FSP No. FAS 157-4, "Determining Fair Value When the Volume and Level of Activity for the Asset and Liability Have Significantly Decreased and Identifying Transactions That Are Not Orderly" ("FSP FAS 157-4"). FSP FAS 157-4 emphasizes that even if there has been a significant decrease in the volume and level of activity, the objective of a fair value measurement remains the same. Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction (that is, not a forced liquidation or distressed sale) between market participants. FSP FAS 157-4 provides a number of factors to consider when evaluating whether there has been a significant decrease in the volume and level of activity for an asset or liability in relation to normal market activity. In addition, when transactions or quoted prices are not considered orderly, adjustments to those prices based on the weight of available information may be
58
FINANCIAL SECURITY ASSURANCE INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited) (Continued)
16. RECENTLY ISSUED ACCOUNTING STANDARDS (Continued)
needed to determine the appropriate fair value. FSP FAS 157-4 also requires increased disclosures. FSP FAS 157-4 is effective for interim and annual reporting periods ending after June 15, 2009, and shall be applied prospectively. Early adoption is permitted for periods ending after March 15, 2009. The Company is currently assessing the impact of FSP FAS 157-4 on the Company's consolidated financial position and results of operations.
In April 2009, the FASB issued FSP FAS No. 107-1 and APB 28-1, "Interim Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial Instruments" ("FSP FAS 107-1 and APB 28-1"). FSP FAS 107-1 and APB 28-1 amends SFAS No. 107, "Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial Instruments," to require disclosures about fair value of financial instruments for interim reporting periods of publicly traded companies that were previously only required in annual financial statements. This FSP is effective for interim reporting periods ending after June 15, 2009, with early adoption permitted for periods ending after March 15, 2009. The adoption of FSP FAS 107-1 and APB 28-1 will not affect the Company's consolidated financial position and operations or cash flows.
17. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
In the ordinary course of business, the Parent, the Company and certain subsidiaries are parties to litigation. Material legal proceedings are discussed below. It is not possible to predict whether additional inquiries or requests for information will be received from regulatory or other governmental authorities, and it is also not possible to predict the outcome of any proceedings, inquiries or requests for information. There could be unfavorable outcomes from these and other proceedings that could be material to the Company's business, operations, financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.
In addition to the below, the Parent and the Company have received various regulatory inquiries and requests for information regarding a variety of subjects. These include (i) subpoenas duces tecum and interrogatories from the Attorney Generals of the State of Connecticut and the State of California related to antitrust concerns associated with the methodologies used by rating agencies for determining the credit rating of municipal debt, including a proposal by Moody's to assign corporate equivalent ratings to municipal obligations, and communications with rating agencies; and (ii) subpoenas duces tecum and interrogatories from the Attorney General of the State of Connecticut and antitrust civil investigative demands from the Attorney General of the State of Florida relating to their investigations of alleged bid rigging of municipal GICs. The Parent and the Company are in the process of satisfying such requests. The Company may receive additional inquiries from these or other regulators and expects to provide additional information to such regulators regarding their inquiries in the future.
Proceedings Related to the Financial Products Business
In November 2006, (i) the Parent received a subpoena from the Antitrust Division of the DOJ issued in connection with an ongoing criminal investigation of bid rigging of awards of municipal GICs and other municipal derivatives and (ii) the Company received a subpoena from the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") related to an ongoing industry-wide investigation concerning the bidding of municipal GICs and other municipal derivatives. Pursuant to the subpoenas the Parent has furnished to the DOJ and SEC records and other information with respect to the Parent's municipal GIC business. On February 4, 2008, the Parent received a "Wells Notice" from the staff of the Philadelphia Regional Office of the SEC relating to the foregoing matter. The Wells Notice indicates that the SEC staff is considering recommending that the SEC authorize the staff to bring a civil
59
FINANCIAL SECURITY ASSURANCE INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited) (Continued)
17. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES (Continued)
injunctive action and/or institute administrative proceedings against the Parent, alleging violations of Section 10(b) of the U.S. Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and Rule 10b-5 thereunder and Section 17(a) of the U.S. Securities Act of 1933, as amended. The Parent has had ongoing discussions with the DOJ and the SEC. The ultimate loss that may arise from these investigations remains uncertain.
During 2008, nine putative class action lawsuits were filed in federal court alleging federal antitrust violations in the municipal derivatives industry, seeking damages and alleging, among other things, a conspiracy to fix the pricing of, and manipulate bids for, municipal derivatives, including GICs. These cases have been coordinated and consolidated for pretrial proceedings in the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York as MDL 1950, In re Municipal Derivatives Antitrust Litigation, Case No. 1:08-cv-2516 ("MDL 1950").
Five of these cases name both the Parent and the Company: (a) Hinds County, Mississippi v. Wachovia Bank, N.A. (filed on or about March 13, 2008); (b) Fairfax County, Virginia v. Wachovia Bank, N.A. (filed on or about March 12, 2008); (c) Central Bucks School District, Pennsylvania v. Wachovia Bank N.A. (filed on or about June 4, 2008); (d) Mayor & City Counsel of Baltimore, Maryland v. Wachovia Bank N.A. (filed on or about July 3, 2008); and (e) Washington County, Tennessee v. Wachovia Bank N.A. (filed on or about July 14, 2008). Four of the cases name only the Parent and also allege that the defendants violated state antitrust law and common law by engaging in illegal bid-rigging and market allocation, thereby depriving the cities of competition in the awarding of GICs and ultimately resulting in the cities paying higher fees for these products: (a) City of Oakland, California, v. AIG Financial Products Corp. (filed on or about April 23, 2008); (b) County of Alameda, California v. AIG Financial Products Corp. (filed on or about July 8, 2008); (c) City of Fresno, California v. AIG Financial Products Corp. (filed on or about July 17, 2008); and (d) Fresno County Financing Authority v. AIG Financial Products Corp. (filed on or about December 24, 2008).
The MDL 1950 court has determined that it will handle federal claims alleged in the consolidated class action complaint before addressing state claims. In April 2009, the MDL 1950 court granted the defendants' motion to dismiss on the federal claims, but granted leave for the plaintiffs to file a second amended complaint. The complaints in these lawsuits generally seek unspecified monetary damages, interest, attorneys' fees and other costs. The Company cannot reasonably estimate the possible loss or range of loss that may arise from these lawsuits.
The Parent and the Company also are named in five non-class action lawsuits originally filed in the California Superior Courts alleging violations of California law related to the municipal derivatives industry:
60
FINANCIAL SECURITY ASSURANCE INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited) (Continued)
17. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES (Continued)
These cases have been transferred to the S.D.N.Y. and consolidated with MDL 1950 for pretrial proceedings. The complaints in these lawsuits generally seek unspecified monetary damages, interest, attorneys' fees, costs and other expenses. The Company cannot reasonably estimate the possible loss or range of loss that may arise from these lawsuits.
Proceedings Relating to the Financial Guaranty Business
In December 2008 and January 2009, the Company and various other financial guarantors were named in three complaints filed in the Superior Court, San Francisco County: (a) City of Los Angeles Department of Water and Power v. Ambac Financial Group et. al (filed on or about December 31, 2008), Case No. CG-08-483689; Sacramento Municipal Utility District v. Ambac Financial Group et. al (filed on or about December 31, 2008), Case No. CGC-08-483691; and (c) City of Sacramento v. Ambac Financial Group Inc. et. al (filed on or about January 6, 2009), Case No. CGC-09-483862. These complaints alleged participation in a conspiracy in violation of California's antitrust laws to maintain a dual credit rating scale that misstated the credit default risk of municipal bond issuers and created market demand for municipal bond insurance and participation in risky financial transactions in other lines of business that damaged each bond insurer's financial condition (thereby undermining the value of each of their guaranties), and a failure to adequately disclose the impact of those transactions on their financial condition. These latter allegations form the predicate for five separate causes of action against each of the Insurers: breach of contract, breach of the covenant of good faith and fair dealing, fraud, negligence, and negligent misrepresentation. The complaints in these lawsuits generally seek unspecified monetary damages, interest, attorneys' fees, costs and other expenses. The Company cannot reasonably estimate the possible loss or range of loss that may arise from these lawsuits.
In August 2008, a number of financial institutions and other parties, including the Company, were named as defendants in a civil action brought in the circuit court of Jefferson County, Alabama relating to the County's problems meeting its debt obligations on its $3.2 billion sewer debt: Charles E. Wilson vs. JPMorgan Chase & Co et al (filed on or about August 8, 2008 in the Circuit Court of Jefferson County, Alabama), Case No. 01-CV-2008-901907.00, a putative class action. The action was brought on behalf of rate payers, tax payers and citizens residing in Jefferson County, and alleges conspiracy and fraud in connection with the issuance of the County's debt. The complaint in this lawsuit seeks unspecified monetary damages, interest, attorneys' fees and other costs. The Company cannot reasonably estimate the possible loss or range of loss that may arise from this lawsuit.
There are no other material legal proceedings pending to which the Company is subject.
61
FINANCIAL SECURITY ASSURANCE INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited) (Continued)
18. EXPOSURE TO MONOLINES
The tables below summarize the exposure to each financial guaranty monoline insurer by exposure category and the underlying ratings of the Company's insured risks.
Summary of Exposure to Monolines
| |
At March 31, 2009 | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| |
Insured Portfolios | |
|||||||||
| |
FSA Insured Par Outstanding(1) |
Ceded Par Outstanding |
General Investment Portfolio(2) |
||||||||
| |
(in millions) |
(in thousands) |
|||||||||
Assured Guaranty Re Ltd. |
$ | — | $ | 34,332 | $ | — | |||||
Radian Asset Assurance Inc. |
94 | 25,518 | 1,036 | ||||||||
RAM Reinsurance Co. Ltd. |
— | 12,321 | — | ||||||||
Syncora Guarantee Inc. |
1,330 | 4,295 | 26,305 | ||||||||
CIFG Assurance North America Inc. |
119 | 2,001 | 23,953 | ||||||||
Ambac Assurance Corporation |
4,918 | 1,054 | 624,414 | ||||||||
ACA Financial Guaranty Corporation |
19 | 943 | — | ||||||||
Financial Guaranty Insurance Company |
961 | 265 | 29,132 | ||||||||
MBIA Insurance Corporation(3) |
2,713 | — | — | ||||||||
FGIC-MBIA-NPFG Cut-Through(4) |
4,406 | — | 303,661 | ||||||||
MBIA-NPFG Cut-Through(5) |
1,259 | — | 558,831 | ||||||||
Assured Guaranty Corp. |
945 | — | 79,482 | ||||||||
Total |
$ | 16,764 | $ | 80,729 | $ | 1,646,814 | |||||
62
FINANCIAL SECURITY ASSURANCE INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited) (Continued)
18. EXPOSURE TO MONOLINES (Continued)
Exposures to Monolines and Ratings of Underlying Risks
| |
At March 31, 2009 | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| |
Insured Portfolios(1) | |
||||||||||
| |
FSA Insured Par Outstanding(2) |
Ceded Par Outstanding |
General Investment Portfolio(3) |
|||||||||
| |
(dollars in millions) |
(dollars in thousands) |
||||||||||
Assured Guaranty Re Ltd. |
||||||||||||
Exposure(4) |
$ | — | $ | 34,332 | $ | — | ||||||
Triple-A |
— | % | 5 | % | — | % | ||||||
Double-A |
— | 41 | — | |||||||||
Single-A |
— | 37 | — | |||||||||
Triple-B |
— | 15 | — | |||||||||
Below Investment Grade |
— | 2 | — | |||||||||
Radian Asset Assurance Inc. |
||||||||||||
Exposure(4) |
$ | 94 | $ | 25,518 | $ | 1,036 | ||||||
Triple-A |
3 | % | 7 | % | — | % | ||||||
Double-A |
— | 43 | 100 | |||||||||
Single-A |
15 | 38 | — | |||||||||
Triple-B |
58 | 11 | — | |||||||||
Below Investment Grade |
24 | 1 | — | |||||||||
RAM Reinsurance Co. Ltd. |
||||||||||||
Exposure(4) |
$ | — | $ | 12,321 | $ | — | ||||||
Triple-A |
— | % | 13 | % | — | % | ||||||
Double-A |
— | 42 | — | |||||||||
Single-A |
— | 31 | — | |||||||||
Triple-B |
— | 12 | — | |||||||||
Below Investment Grade |
— | 2 | — | |||||||||
Syncora Guarantee Inc. |
||||||||||||
Exposure(4) |
$ | 1,330 | $ | 4,295 | $ | 26,305 | ||||||
Triple-A |
29 | % | — | % | — | % | ||||||
Double-A |
— | 10 | 21 | |||||||||
Single-A |
21 | 31 | 76 | |||||||||
Triple-B |
26 | 59 | — | |||||||||
Below Investment Grade |
24 | — | — | |||||||||
Not Rated |
— | — | 3 | |||||||||
63
FINANCIAL SECURITY ASSURANCE INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited) (Continued)
18. EXPOSURE TO MONOLINES (Continued)
| |
At March 31, 2009 | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| |
Insured Portfolios(1) | |
||||||||||
| |
FSA Insured Par Outstanding(2) |
Ceded Par Outstanding |
General Investment Portfolio(3) |
|||||||||
| |
(dollars in millions) |
(dollars in thousands) |
||||||||||
CIFG Assurance North America Inc. |
||||||||||||
Exposure(4) |
$ | 119 | $ | 2,001 | $ | 23,953 | ||||||
Triple-A |
— | % | 2 | % | — | % | ||||||
Double-A |
4 | 32 | — | |||||||||
Single-A |
15 | 34 | 100 | |||||||||
Triple-B |
81 | 28 | — | |||||||||
Below Investment Grade |
— | 4 | — | |||||||||
Ambac Assurance Corporation |
||||||||||||
Exposure(4) |
$ | 4,918 | $ | 1,054 | $ | 624,414 | ||||||
Triple-A |
6 | % | — | % | — | % | ||||||
Double-A |
43 | 9 | 43 | |||||||||
Single-A |
33 | 38 | 53 | |||||||||
Triple-B |
10 | 53 | 3 | |||||||||
Below Investment Grade |
8 | — | 1 | |||||||||
ACA Financial Guaranty Corporation |
||||||||||||
Exposure(4) |
$ | 19 | $ | 943 | $ | — | ||||||
Triple-A |
— | % | — | % | — | % | ||||||
Double-A |
69 | 72 | — | |||||||||
Single-A |
— | 26 | — | |||||||||
Triple-B |
11 | 2 | — | |||||||||
Below Investment Grade |
20 | — | — | |||||||||
Financial Guaranty Insurance Company |
||||||||||||
Exposure(4) |
$ | 961 | $ | 265 | $ | 29,132 | ||||||
Triple-A |
— | % | — | % | — | % | ||||||
Double-A |
5 | — | 64 | |||||||||
Single-A |
57 | 100 | 35 | |||||||||
Triple-B |
30 | — | 1 | |||||||||
Below Investment Grade |
8 | — | — | |||||||||
MBIA Insurance Corporation |
||||||||||||
Exposure(4) |
$ | 2,713 | $ | — | $ | — | ||||||
Triple-A |
— | % | — | % | — | % | ||||||
Double-A |
53 | — | — | |||||||||
Single-A |
3 | — | — | |||||||||
Triple-B |
44 | — | — | |||||||||
Below Investment Grade |
— | — | — | |||||||||
64
FINANCIAL SECURITY ASSURANCE INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited) (Continued)
18. EXPOSURE TO MONOLINES (Continued)
| |
At March 31, 2009 | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| |
Insured Portfolios(1) | |
||||||||||
| |
FSA Insured Par Outstanding(2) |
Ceded Par Outstanding |
General Investment Portfolio(3) |
|||||||||
| |
(dollars in millions) |
(dollars in thousands) |
||||||||||
FGIC-MBIA-NPFG Cut-Through(5) |
||||||||||||
Exposure(4) |
$ | 4,406 | $ | — | $ | 303,661 | ||||||
Triple-A |
— | % | — | % | — | % | ||||||
Double-A |
39 | — | 30 | |||||||||
Single-A |
58 | — | 68 | |||||||||
Triple-B |
3 | — | 2 | |||||||||
Below Investment Grade |
— | — | — | |||||||||
MBIA-NPFG Cut-Through(6) |
||||||||||||
Exposure(4) |
$ | 1,259 | $ | — | $ | 558,831 | ||||||
Triple-A |
— | % | — | % | — | % | ||||||
Double-A |
60 | — | 43 | |||||||||
Single-A |
40 | — | 49 | |||||||||
Triple-B |
— | — | 7 | |||||||||
Below Investment Grade |
— | — | 1 | |||||||||
Assured Guaranty Corp. |
||||||||||||
Exposure(4) |
$ | 945 | $ | — | $ | 79,482 | ||||||
Triple-A |
— | % | — | % | 2 | % | ||||||
Double-A |
9 | — | — | |||||||||
Single-A |
24 | — | 81 | |||||||||
Triple-B |
8 | — | 17 | |||||||||
Below Investment Grade |
59 | — | — | |||||||||
65