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2025 Proxy Statement | 1 |
![]() | DATE AND TIME | ![]() | LOCATION | ![]() | WHO CAN VOTE | ||
Thursday, June 26, 2025 10:30 a.m. Eastern Time | virtualshareholdermeeting.com/ UTHR2025 | Shareholders as of April 28, 2025 (the Record Date) are entitled to notice of, and to vote at, our 2025 Annual Meeting of Shareholders | |||||
Company Proposals | Board Vote Recommendation | For Further Details | |
1 | Election of the twelve directors named in this Proxy Statement | “FOR” each director nominee | Page 13 |
2 | Advisory resolution to approve executive compensation | “FOR” | Page 36 |
3 | Approval of the amendment and restatement of the United Therapeutics Corporation Amended and Restated 2015 Stock Incentive Plan | “FOR” | Page 69 |
4 | Ratification of the appointment of Ernst & Young LLP as our independent registered public accounting firm for 2025 | “FOR” | Page 78 |

![]() | INTERNET | ![]() | TELEPHONE | ![]() | MAIL | ||
Before the meeting, go to proxyvote.com During the meeting, go to virtualshareholdermeeting.com/UTHR2025 | (800) 690-6903 | Mark, sign, date, and promptly mail the enclosed proxy card in the postage-paid envelope | |||||
Important Notice Regarding the Availability of Proxy Materials for United Therapeutics Corporation’s 2025 Annual Meeting of Shareholders to Be Held on Thursday, June 26, 2025: United Therapeutics Corporation’s Proxy Statement and Annual Report on Form 10-K are available at: ir.unither.com/annual-and-proxy |
4 | United Therapeutics, a public benefit corporation |
2025 Proxy Statement | 5 |
PH Portfolio | NB Product | ||||||||
![]() ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | |||||
24% Revenue growth vs. 2023 | 60% Total shareholder return in 2024 | $1.2 billion Net income | ||
~$2.2 million Revenue per employee in 2024, which ranks second among the companies in our compensation peer group* | $4.7 billion Cash, cash equivalents, and marketable investments as of December 31, 2024 | $1.0 billion Returned to shareholders in 2024 under an accelerated share repurchase program | ||
6 | United Therapeutics, a public benefit corporation |

n | Other | n | Orenitram® | n | Remodulin® | n | Nebulized Tyvaso® | n | Tyvaso DPI® |

2025 Proxy Statement | 7 |
![]() | Through our ex vivo lung perfusion (EVLP) service, we are increasing the number of organs available for transplant today |
![]() | We are innovating solutions that we believe will help save even more people’s lives through our xenotransplantation efforts, and have received FDA clearance to commence the world's first human clinical trial of a xeno-organ product — our UKidney |
![]() | We are progressing the science of manufactured organ alternatives through our bioartificial liver and kidney alternative research at our Miromatrix and IVIVA subsidiaries, and through development of engineered lung lobe alternatives at our Regenerative Medicine Laboratory |
![]() | Our Organ Manufacturing Group is working to achieve a longer-term vision to supply 3D-printed organ alternatives for those who need them |
8 | United Therapeutics, a public benefit corporation |
Address Unserved Needs No Patient Left Behind | Over 15,500 patients currently being treated with our therapies | >90% of employees responding to the Great Places to Work survey from 2018 through 2024 consider United Therapeutics a Great Place to Work | Be a Destination Employer | |
$481 million in research and development expense in 2024 | ![]() Our Patients | ![]() Our People | Voluntary turnover of 4.6%, compared to a 11% industry average* | |
15 ongoing clinical trials with almost 3,000 patient volunteers | Inclusion and Belonging: One of our five core values, deeply integrated into our employee experience | |||
Provided patient assistance to over 34,000 patients treated with our therapies since 2010 | ![]() | ![]() | ||
Our Planet ![]() | Our Practices ![]() | |||
Maintained almost seven megawatts onsite solar capacity | 100% Unitherians are trained annually on our Code of Conduct Our Compliance Principles, based on our key tenet of "Do the Right Thing," outline how we expect all Unitherians to conduct themselves | |||
Broke ground on a cGMP** mass timber manufacturing facility designed for low carbon impact | Four LEED-certified properties representing about 19% of our total square footage | Compliance principles: • We are passionate for patients • We respect privacy • We don’t pay to play • We communicate ethically and honestly | Key Enablers: •Governance •Data Privacy and Security •Compliance Culture and Ethics •Enterprise Risk and Organizational Resilience | |
Operate Sustainably | ||||
2025 Proxy Statement | 9 |
1 | Election of Directors | |
Our Board recommends a vote FOR each director nominee. | See page 13 | |
Director Since | Committee Membership | |||||||
Name and Primary Occupation | Age | AC | CC | NGC | ||||
![]() | Christopher Causey, M.B.A. | IND | 62 | 2003 | • | ![]() | ||
Former Consultant and Healthcare Executive | ||||||||
![]() | Raymond Dwek, C.B.E., F.R.S. | IND | 83 | 2002 | • | |||
Emeritus Director of the Glycobiology Institute, University of Oxford | ||||||||
![]() | Richard Giltner | IND | 61 | 2009 | ![]() | • | ||
Former Portfolio Manager, Lyxor Asset Management | ||||||||
![]() | Ray Kurzweil | IND | 77 | 2002 | ||||
Principal Researcher and AI Visionary, Google | ||||||||
![]() | Jan Malcolm | IND | 68 | 2024 | ||||
Former Commissioner of Health, State of Minnesota | ||||||||
![]() | Linda Maxwell, M.D., M.B.A. | IND | 51 | 2020 | • | |||
Surgeon Operating Partner, DCVC | ||||||||
![]() | Nilda Mesa, J.D. | IND | 65 | 2018 | • | • | ||
Adjunct Professor, Columbia University Former Director, NYC Mayor’s Office of Sustainability | ||||||||
![]() | Judy Olian, Ph.D. | IND | 73 | 2015 | • | |||
President, Quinnipiac University Former Dean, UCLA Anderson School of Management | ||||||||
![]() | Christopher Patusky, J.D., M.G.A. | IND | 61 | 2002 | ![]() | • | ||
Founder, Patusky Associates, LLC Vice Chair and Lead Independent Director, United Therapeutics | ||||||||
![]() | Martine Rothblatt, Ph.D., J.D., M.B.A. | 70 | 1996 | |||||
Founder, Chairperson, and Chief Executive Officer, United Therapeutics | ||||||||
![]() | Louis Sullivan, M.D. | IND | 91 | 2002 | • | • | ||
President Emeritus, Morehouse School of Medicine Former Secretary, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services | ||||||||
![]() | Governor Tommy Thompson, J.D. | IND | 83 | 2010 | • | |||
Former Governor of Wisconsin Former Secretary, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services | ||||||||
AC – Audit Committee | CC – Compensation Committee | NGC – Nominating and Governance Committee | IND | Independent | ||
![]() | Chair | • | Member | |||
10 | United Therapeutics, a public benefit corporation |
Independence | Demographics |



![]() | Public Company Board Experience (non-UT) | |
![]() | 6/12 | |
![]() | Executive Management Experience | |
![]() | 9/12 | |
![]() | Financial Acumen | |
![]() | 11/12 | |
![]() | Legal | |
![]() | 4/12 | |
![]() | Government / Regulatory Experience | |
![]() | 6/12 |
![]() | International | |
![]() | 7/12 | |
![]() | Science / Medicine | |
![]() | 6/12 | |
![]() | Healthcare Industry Experience | |
![]() | 8/12 | |
![]() | Corporate Responsibility and Resilience | |
![]() | 10/12 |
2025 Proxy Statement | 11 |
2 | Advisory Resolution to Approve Executive Compensation | |
Our Board recommends a vote FOR this proposal. | See page 36 | |
Target Compensation Mix | |||||||
Element | Form | CEO | Other NEOs | Metrics and Key Features | |||
![]() | ![]() | Annual Salary | Fixed Cash | ![]() | ![]() | Established each year based on (1) individual performance, (2) overall company performance, (3) market rate and (4) CEO input, for the other NEOs | |
![]() | |||||||
Cash Incentive Award Program | Annual Performance- Based Plan | ![]() | ![]() | A mix of financial and operational targets, with a multiplier applicable to the financial components: Financial (50%) •Cash Profit Margin (25%) •Revenues (25%) Operational (50%) •Manufacturing (25%) •R&D (25%) | |||
![]() | |||||||
Long-Term Incentive Compensation | 100% performance-based awards, with 3-year performance periods | ||||||
Performance Stock Options (PSOs) | ![]() | ![]() | Performance Metric: •3-Year Cash Profit Margin | ||||
Performance Stock Units (PSUs) | ![]() | ![]() | Performance Metrics: •3-Year revenue growth objectives (50%) •R&D milestones (50%) | ||||
12 | United Therapeutics, a public benefit corporation |
3 | ||
Approval of the Amendment and Restatement of The United Therapeutics Corporation Amended and Restated 2015 Stock Incentive Plan (the Plan) | ||
Our Board recommends a vote FOR this proposal. | See page 69 | |
4 | ||
Ratification of the Appointment of Ernst & Young LLP as United Therapeutics Corporation’s Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm for 2025 | ||
Our Board recommends a vote FOR this proposal. | See page 78 | |
2025 Proxy Statement | 13 |
1 | Election of Directors |
Succession Planning |

Identification of Candidates |
14 | United Therapeutics, a public benefit corporation |

Qualifications Sought |

Meeting with Candidates |

Decision and Nomination |

Election |
2025 Proxy Statement | 15 |
Re-Nomination Process Our Nominating and Governance Committee appreciates the importance of critically evaluating individual directors and their contributions to our Board in connection with re-nomination decisions. In considering whether to recommend re-nomination of a director for election at our Annual Meeting, our Nominating and Governance Committee conducts a detailed review, considering factors such as: •The extent to which the director’s judgment, skills, qualifications, and experience (including those gained due to tenure on our Board) continue to contribute to our Board’s success •Attendance and participation at, and preparation for, Board and committee meetings •Independence •Shareholder feedback, including the support received by those director nominees elected at our most recent Annual Meeting •Outside board and other affiliations, including any actual or perceived conflicts of interest •The extent to which the director continues to contribute to our Board’s diversity of occupational and personal backgrounds and viewpoints |
2018 | 2020 | 2024 |
Nilda Mesa joins Board | Linda Maxwell joins Board | Jan Malcolm joins Board |
Katherine Klein leaves Board |
16 | United Therapeutics, a public benefit corporation |
![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | |
Knowledge, Skills, and Experience | ||||||||||||
Public Board Experience* | l | l | l | l | l | l | ||||||
Executive Management Experience | l | l | l | l | l | l | l | l | l | |||
Financial Acumen | l | l | l | l | l | l | l | l | l | l | l | |
Legal | l | l | l | l | ||||||||
Government / Regulatory Experience | l | l | l | l | l | l | ||||||
International | l | l | l | l | l | l | l | |||||
Science / Medicine | l | l | l | l | l | l | ||||||
Healthcare Industry Experience | l | l | l | l | l | l | l | l | ||||
Corporate Responsibility and Resilience | l | l | l | l | l | l | l | l | l | l |
![]() | Public Company Board Experience (non-UT) | ![]() | International | |||
![]() | 6/12 | ![]() | 7/12 | |||
![]() | Executive Management Experience | ![]() | Science / Medicine | |||
![]() | 9/12 | ![]() | 6/12 | |||
![]() | Financial Acumen | ![]() | Healthcare Industry Experience | |||
![]() | 11/12 | ![]() | 8/12 | |||
![]() | Legal | ![]() | Corporate Responsibility and Resilience | |||
![]() | 4/12 | ![]() | 10/12 | |||
![]() | Government / Regulatory Experience | |||||
![]() | 6/12 |
2025 Proxy Statement | 17 |
Board Skill | Why This Skill is Important to Our Board | |
Public Company Board Experience | Public companies face heightened public scrutiny and legal, regulatory, and accounting requirements unlike those faced by private companies. | |
Executive Management Experience | Management of large organizations such as United Therapeutics can be extremely complex and challenging, and experience with executive management can help provide the context needed for overseeing our executive officers. | |
Financial Acumen | It is extremely important that we manage our company in a fiscally conservative manner, and present our financial results in a clear, accurate, and reliable manner, navigating the complexity of evolving accounting standards and regulatory requirements. | |
Legal | In our business we encounter extremely complex legal issues and challenges, including threatened and actual litigation, and compliance with a myriad of laws and regulations. | |
Government / Regulatory Experience | There are few industries more heavily regulated than the biopharmaceutical and medical device industries. Regulatory expertise helps ensure appropriate oversight of our compliance and regulatory functions, which are critical to our success. | |
International | While most of our operations are U.S.-based, we conduct clinical trials and commercial distribution of our products worldwide. | |
Science / Medicine | Our success is heavily dependent on our ability to successfully conduct insightful research and development efforts often involving cutting-edge technologies, and to manufacture our products using highly complex technologies. | |
Healthcare Industry Experience | The healthcare sector presents unique challenges; given our patient-centric mission, experience in the healthcare field is extremely valuable. | |
Corporate Responsibility and Resilience | We believe that oversight of corporate responsibility and resilience topics, including environmental and social topics, plays an important role in our Board's oversight of risk. We are committed to fulfilling our PBC purpose, while also delivering excellent financial performance for our shareholders. |
18 | United Therapeutics, a public benefit corporation |
![]() | Christopher Causey, M.B.A. | |
Age: 62 Director Since: 2003 | Committees: Nominating and Governance (Chair) Audit | |
2025 Proxy Statement | 19 |
![]() | Raymond Dwek, C.B.E., F.R.S. | |
Age: 83 Director Since: 2002 | Committees: Compensation | |
![]() | Richard Giltner | |
Age: 61 Director Since: 2009 | Committees: Audit (Chair) Nominating and Governance | |
20 | United Therapeutics, a public benefit corporation |
![]() | Ray Kurzweil | |
Age: 77 Director Since: 2002 | Committees: None | |
![]() | Jan Malcolm | |
Age: 68 Director Since: 2024 | Committees: None | |
2025 Proxy Statement | 21 |
![]() | Linda Maxwell, M.D., M.B.A. | |
Age: 51 Director Since: 2020 | Committees: Audit | |
22 | United Therapeutics, a public benefit corporation |
![]() | Nilda Mesa, J.D. | |
Age: 65 Director Since: 2018 | Committees: Compensation Nominating and Governance | |
2025 Proxy Statement | 23 |
![]() | Judy Olian, Ph.D. | |
Age: 73 Director Since: 2015 | Committees: Audit | |
24 | United Therapeutics, a public benefit corporation |
![]() | Christopher Patusky, J.D., M.G.A. | |
Age: 61 Director Since: 2002 Vice Chair of the Board Lead Independent Director | Committees: Compensation (Chair) Nominating and Governance | |
![]() | Martine Rothblatt, Ph.D., J.D., M.B.A. | |
Age: 70 Director Since: 1996 Chairperson of the Board Chief Executive Officer | Committees: None | |
2025 Proxy Statement | 25 |
![]() | Louis Sullivan, M.D. | |
Age: 91 Director Since: 2002 | Committees: Compensation Nominating and Governance | |
![]() | Tommy Thompson, J.D. | |
Age: 83 Director Since: 2010 | Committees: Audit | |
26 | United Therapeutics, a public benefit corporation |
2014 | 2015 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | ||||||
Renewed focus on Board refreshment and diversity | ![]() | Adopted majority voting Adopted proxy access | ![]() | Began Board declassification process Tightened overboarding limits Revamped proxy statement to enhance readability Launched corporate responsibility and resilience disclosure program | ![]() | Converted to a public benefit corporation | ![]() | Enhanced disclosure of Board diversity / skills | ![]() | Implemented restrictions on certain advance notice bylaws absent shareholder approval | ![]() | Jan Malcolm added to the Board, and Katherine Klein left the Board, as part of our ongoing Board refreshment efforts |
2025 Proxy Statement | 27 |
Audit Committee | ||
Members: | Meetings in 2024: 5 | |
Richard Giltner (Chair), Christopher Causey, Linda Maxwell, Judy Olian, Tommy Thompson Primary Responsibilities •Representing and assisting our Board in its oversight responsibilities regarding our accounting and financial reporting processes, the audits of our financial statements, and system of internal controls over financial reporting, including the integrity of our financial statements, and the qualifications and independence of Ernst & Young LLP, our independent registered public accounting firm •Retaining and terminating our independent auditors •Approving in advance all audit and non-audit services to be performed by our independent auditors •Approving related party transactions •General oversight of risks related to our financial statements, internal controls, financial reporting processes, information technology, cybersecurity, and compliance with federal securities laws For additional information regarding the processes and procedures used by our Audit Committee, see the section entitled Report of our Audit Committee below. | ||
Compensation Committee | ||
Members: | Meetings in 2024: 4 | |
Christopher Patusky (Chair), Raymond Dwek, Nilda Mesa, Louis Sullivan Our Compensation Committee oversees our compensation plans and policies, reviews and approves compensation for our executive officers, oversees the administration of our equity incentive and share tracking awards plans and our Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan, and reviews and approves grants of equity awards to our executive officers and the methodology and formulae for granting stock options and restricted stock units to other employees. Our Compensation Committee may delegate its responsibilities to subcommittees of the Compensation Committee if it determines such delegation would be appropriate. Primary Responsibilities •Creating a system for awarding long-term and short-term performance-oriented incentive compensation to attract and retain senior management, and reviewing our compensation plans to confirm that they are appropriate, competitive, and properly reflect our goals and objectives while managing risk •Assisting our Board in discharging its responsibilities regarding compensation of our executive officers and non-employee members of the Board •Establishing and overseeing the administration of our clawback policy, in consultation with our Audit Committee •Evaluating our CEO and setting our CEO's compensation •Overseeing human capital management and inclusion and belonging matters For additional information regarding the processes and procedures used by our Compensation Committee, see the section entitled Compensation Discussion and Analysis below. | ||
28 | United Therapeutics, a public benefit corporation |
Nominating and Governance Committee | ||
Members: | Meetings in 2024: 5 | |
Christopher Causey (Chair), Christopher Patusky, Richard Giltner, Nilda Mesa, Louis Sullivan Primary Responsibilities In addition to the responsibilities described in the section entitled How We Select Our Director Nominees above, our Nominating and Governance Committee’s primary responsibilities include: •Proposing nominees for election to our Board •Proposing nominees to fill vacancies on our Board and newly created directorships •Reviewing candidates for election to our Board recommended to us by our shareholders •Recommending committee membership and committee chairs •Reviewing executive management succession plans •Overseeing the performance and the process for conducting evaluations of the Board and its committees •Evaluating and overseeing issues and developments with respect to corporate governance, and making recommendations to our Board regarding corporate governance •Overseeing our compliance program and our enterprise risk management program •Overseeing sustainability matters and PBC oversight and reporting •Working with senior management to consider, adopt, and oversee director orientation and continuing education programs •Overseeing company policies and practices regarding political contributions •Overseeing compliance with stock ownership guidelines | ||
5 Total Board meetings in 2024 | 100% 2024 Board meeting attendance by directors |
14 Total Committee meetings in 2024 | 100% 2024 Committee meeting attendance by directors |
4 Total executive Board sessions held in 2024 | 92% 2024 Annual Meeting attendance by directors |
2025 Proxy Statement | 29 |


30 | United Therapeutics, a public benefit corporation |
NOMINATING AND GOVERNANCE COMMITTEE | Strategic Oversight •Provides advisory oversight and governance of our public benefit purpose and sustainability program •Receives updates at last semi-annually on our sustainability and public benefit activities; the entire Board is briefed on these activities at least annually •Contracts with external consultants to enhance the Committee's knowledge of sustainability topics, including on climate-related issues | ||
![]() | |||
![]() | |||
EXECUTIVE LEADERSHIP TEAM | Executive Direction and Support •Led by our CFO, provides executive sponsorship of our corporate responsibility and resilience program and disclosure decisions •Reviews and advises on the program, strategy, and priorities •Meets as needed | ||
![]() | |||
PBC CABINET | Stewardship and Action •Chaired by our PBC Transparency Director, establishes and oversees execution of our environmental and social sustainability program, strategy, tactics, and disclosure, including climate-related ambitions •Represents key functions across the organization, including Environmental, Health, Safety, and Sustainability, Corporate Real Estate, Human Resources, Finance, Investor Relations, Accounting, Manufacturing, Quality, Legal, Innovation, Enterprise Risk Management, Procurement, and others as needed •Leads and oversees expert action teams charged with implementing corporate responsibility and resilience priorities •Typically meets every other month | ||
2025 Proxy Statement | 31 |
Investor Relations and Senior Management We provide investors with many opportunities to provide feedback to our Board and senior management. We participate in investor conferences throughout the year and regularly meet with our shareholders. | Board Involvement Directors regularly and actively engage with our shareholders. Our Nominating and Governance and Compensation Committee Chairs regularly engage with our shareholders on compensation and governance topics, typically twice per year. | |
![]() | ![]() | |
2024 Engagement We offered to meet with shareholders twice in 2024 — before and after our 2024 Annual Meeting, in both cases reaching out to at least 35 of our largest shareholders that collectively held approximately 70% of our outstanding shares. Calls were held with nine shareholders (holding approximately 28% of our outstanding shares). Conversations focused on governance topics, corporate strategy, and our 2024 Corporate Responsibility and Public Benefit Report. Investors were generally pleased with our progress toward goals and level of disclosure. All of these calls included the chairs of our Nominating and Governance and Compensation Committees. | ||
Reached out to shareholders representing ∼ 70% of our outstanding shares | Held discussions with nine shareholders representing ∼ 28% of our outstanding shares | Topics discussed: •Corporate responsibility •Governance •Corporate strategy | Board-level participation: •Mr. Causey •Mr. Patusky |
32 | United Therapeutics, a public benefit corporation |
2025 Proxy Statement | 33 |
Annual Cash | Value of Equity Based Awards(3) | |||||
Initial | Annual | |||||
Board Membership | $60,000 | $400,000 | $400,000 | |||
Lead Independent Director(1) | $35,000 | $— | $— | |||
Committee Chair(2): | ||||||
Audit Committee | $25,000 | $— | $— | |||
Compensation Committee | $25,000 | $— | $— | |||
Nominating and Governance Committee | $25,000 | $— | $— | |||
Committee Membership(2): | ||||||
Audit Committee | $15,000 | $— | $— | |||
Compensation Committee | $15,000 | $— | $— | |||
Nominating and Governance Committee | $15,000 | $— | $— | |||
34 | United Therapeutics, a public benefit corporation |
2025 Proxy Statement | 35 |
Name | Fees Earned or Paid in Cash(1) | Restricted Stock Units(2) | Stock Options(2) | Total | |||
Christopher Causey | $100,000 | $400,280 | $— | $500,280 | |||
Raymond Dwek | $75,000 | $— | $363,475 | $438,475 | |||
Richard Giltner | $100,000 | $400,280 | $— | $500,280 | |||
Katherine Klein(3) | $29,341 | $— | $— | $29,341 | |||
Ray Kurzweil | $60,000 | $198,458 | $181,109 | $439,567 | |||
Jan Malcolm | $30,824 | $399,397 | $364,953 | $795,174 | |||
Linda Maxwell | $75,000 | $— | $363,475 | $438,475 | |||
Nilda Mesa | $90,000 | $198,458 | $181,109 | $469,567 | |||
Judy Olian | $75,000 | $400,280 | $— | $475,280 | |||
Christopher Patusky | $135,000 | $198,458 | $181,109 | $514,567 | |||
Louis Sullivan | $90,000 | $198,458 | $181,109 | $469,567 | |||
Tommy Thompson | $75,000 | $— | $363,475 | $438,475 | |||
Name | Stock Options | RSUs |
Christopher Causey | 17,880 | 1,190 |
Raymond Dwek | 17,450 | — |
Richard Giltner | 5,000 | 1,190 |
Katherine Klein | 53,596 | — |
Ray Kurzweil | 49,650 | 590 |
Jan Malcolm | 2,960 | 1,220 |
Linda Maxwell | 37,560 | — |
Nilda Mesa | 27,470 | 590 |
Judy Olian | 2,320 | 1,190 |
Christopher Patusky | 51,670 | 590 |
Louis Sullivan | 11,720 | 590 |
Tommy Thompson(1) | 52,180 | 880 |
36 | United Therapeutics, a public benefit corporation |
2 | Advisory Resolution to Approve Executive Compensation |
2025 Proxy Statement | 37 |
INDUSTRY-LEADING PROFITABILITY | INDUSTRY-LEADING TSR | |||||
42% Net income margin | 56% EBITDASO margin* | 60% 2024 total shareholder return (TSR) | Compared to 0% 2024 Nasdaq Biotechnology Total Return Index (XNBI) TSR | |||
INDUSTRY-LEADING PRODUCTIVITY | ||||||
~$2.2 million Revenue per employee, the second highest in our compensation peer group | ||||||
CONTINUED REVENUE GROWTH TRAJECTORY | ||||||
24% Increase in revenue overall in 2024 compared to 2023 | 31% Growth in total Tyvaso revenues in 2024 compared to 2023 | |||||
ROBUST SUPPLY CHAIN •Supplied patients Tyvaso DPI, which has grown to become our best-selling product •Opened the first-ever cGMP warehouse designed to approach net-zero operational carbon •Maintained two-year inventory of nebulized Tyvaso, Remodulin, and Orenitram | PIPELINE EXECUTION •Fully enrolled our TETON 2 clinical study for IPF •Progressed our TETON 1, TETON PPF, and ADVANCE OUTCOMES studies •Submitted FDA premarket approval application for our Centralized Lung Evaluation System EVLP technology •Filed FDA investigational new drug application (IND) for our UKidney xenotransplantation clinical trial, which was cleared by the FDA in early 2025 | |||||
38 | United Therapeutics, a public benefit corporation |
![]() | Martine Rothblatt, Ph.D., J.D., M.B.A. 70, Founder, Chairperson, Chief Executive Officer, and Director |
![]() | Michael Benkowitz 53, President and Chief Operating Officer |
![]() | James C. Edgemond 58, Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer |
![]() | Paul A. Mahon, J.D. 61, Executive Vice President, General Counsel, and Corporate Secretary |
2025 Proxy Statement | 39 |
Sustainable, Long-Term Shareholder Value Creation | ||||||
![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | |||
Pay-for-Performance | Shareholder Alignment | Balance Short- and Long-Term Perspectives | Market Competitiveness | |||
Objective | ||||
Compensation Element | Pay-for- Performance | Shareholder Alignment | Balance Short- and Long-Term Perspectives | Market Competitiveness |
Base Salary | ü | |||
Cash Incentive Awards | ü | ü | ü | ü |
Long-Term Incentives (Stock Options and Stock Units) | ü | ü | ü | ü |
Benefits / Perquisites | ü | |||
Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan | ü | |||
Severance / Change-of-Control Benefits | ü | ü | ||
Stock Ownership Guidelines | ü | ü | ü | |
CEO Target Pay Mix | Other NEO Target Pay Mix |
![]() | ![]() |
40 | United Therapeutics, a public benefit corporation |
At our 2024 Annual Meeting, our shareholders overwhelmingly approved our Say-on-Pay proposal, with over 94% of the votes cast in favor of the proposal. We therefore did not make any changes to our compensation programs directly as a result of our 2024 Say-on-Pay vote. | ![]() | ||
2015 | 2017 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2023-2024 | |||||
Renegotiated CEO’s employment agreement to eliminate contractual rights to annual stock option grant and excise tax gross-up | Shifted to 100% performance- based equity program for all NEOs | Reduced CEO’s annualized total direct compensation to ∼ 50% of our peer group, with multiple year- over-year reductions in her compensation | Made commitment to not make any additional NEO equity awards until 2023 | Agreed that future NEO equity awards will be at least 50% performance- based Addressed shareholder feedback through responsive changes and disclosures | Awarded 100% performance- based equity awards Honored all shareholder commitments made in 2020-21 regarding design of executive compensation program | |||||
2025 Proxy Statement | 41 |
NEO | 2024 Base Salary(1) | % Increase Over 2023 Base Salary | 2024 Cash Incentive Bonus Target as % of Base Salary | Change in Cash Incentive Bonus Target %(2) | 2024 Long-Term Incentive Award Target(3) | 2024 Total Target Direct Compensation | ||
Martine Rothblatt | $1,500,000 | —% | 125% | —% | $14,000,000 | $17,375,000 | ||
James Edgemond | $875,000 | 9.4% | 75% | —% | $4,500,000 | $6,031,250 | ||
Michael Benkowitz | $1,200,000 | 6.2% | 85% | —% | $7,200,000 | $9,420,000 | ||
Paul Mahon | $940,000 | —% | 70% | —% | $3,500,000 | $5,098,000 | ||
Base Salary | x | Target Incentive Percentage (% of Base Salary) | x | Company-Wide Milestone Attainment | x | Financial Multiplier (up to 300%) | = | NEO Bonus Payout | |
50% | 50% | ||||||||
Financial Performance | Operational Performance | ||||||||
Cash Profits Revenue | Manufacturing R&D | ||||||||
42 | United Therapeutics, a public benefit corporation |
2024 Company-Wide Milestones | Weighting | Considerations in Setting Targets |
Milestone 1—Financial Performance-Cash Profits: Achieve cash profits in the top quintile of our peer group as measured by a 50% cash profit margin* | 25% | Set at a very high bar, incentivizing top-quintile performance relative to our peers and thoughtful and disciplined budget and spend management |
Milestone 2—Financial Performance-Revenue: Superior financial performance as evidenced by achieving the net revenues for 2024 included in our long-range business plan (a target of $2.6 billion) | 25% | Established based on many factors, including market opportunity for each product, analyst expectations, and historical individual product performance. Our Compensation Committee also considers the continued impact of generic competition for certain products in setting revenue goals |
Milestone 3—Manufacturing: Adequate manufacturing capabilities, evidenced by a two-year inventory of Remodulin, Tyvaso (nebulized), and Orenitram finished drug product and passing all GMP-related FDA inspections at our facilities without any issues that prevent the use or approval of any of our drug products | 25% | Intended to incentivize maintaining a continuous supply of our treprostinil-based therapies, which generate the vast majority of our revenues, so that the patients we serve do not experience a supply disruption |
Milestone 4—Research and Development: Conduct insightful research and development programs, taking into account regulatory approvals, label extensions, and the quantity and quality of trials that support our business goals | 25% | Intended to drive a robust pipeline of products capable of delivering future revenues sufficient to drive industry-leading growth |
2025 Proxy Statement | 43 |
Below Threshold 0% credit | At Threshold 50% credit | Target 100% credit | Stretch 125% credit* | Maximum 200% credit* |
![]() | ||||
Below Threshold 0% credit | At Threshold 50% credit | Target 100% credit | Stretch 125% credit* | Maximum 200% credit* |
![]() | ||||
Award pro rata credit | 100% credit (at target) |
< 100% of Goal | 100%+ of Goal |
Range (Target to Stretch to Maximum) | |||
Cash Profit Margin Performance | 50% | 55% | 60% |
Revenue Performance | $2.6 billion | $2.7 billion | $2.8 billion |
Multiplier for each Metric* | 0% | 25% | 100% |
44 | United Therapeutics, a public benefit corporation |
Milestone | Performance | Attainment Level % (A) | Weighting (B) | % of Award Earned (A × B) |
1 (Cash Profit Margin) | ![]() | 100% | 25% | 25% |
2024 cash profit margin was 64%, representing 128% performance against the target of 50%. Because performance also exceeded the maximum 60% threshold, the full milestone achievement was awarded including a 100% Financial Multiplier for Cash Profit Margin performance. | ||||
2 (Revenue) | ![]() | 100% | 25% | 25% |
2024 net revenues were $2.877 billion, exceeding our target of $2.6 billion. Because performance exceeded the maximum, full milestone achievement was awarded including a 100% Financial Multiplier for Revenue performance. | ||||
3 (Mfg) | Maintained greater than two-year inventory of all strengths of Remodulin, nebulized Tyvaso, and Orenitram and passed all FDA inspections at our facilities without any issues that prevent the use or approval of any of our drug products. Full Milestone achievement was awarded. | 100% | 25% | 25% |
4 (R&D) | Achieved 31 R&D points against a goal of 25 (details provided below). | 100% | 25% | 25% |
Total Milestone Attainment | 100% | |||
Financial Multiplier | Cash profit performance exceeded maximum at 64% (100% financial multiplier) and revenue performance exceeded maximum at $2.877 billion (100% financial multiplier) resulting in a total Financial Multiplier of 300% (1 + 100% + 100%). | 300% | ||
Milestone Attainment x Financial Multiplier | 300% | |||
2025 Proxy Statement | 45 |

46 | United Therapeutics, a public benefit corporation |

2025 Proxy Statement | 47 |
NEO | 2024 Base Salary (A) | 2024 Cash Incentive Award Target as % of Base Salary (B) | 2024 Milestone Attainment (C) | 2024 Financial Multiplier (D) | Total Cash Incentive Bonus Earned (A × B x C x D) | ||
Martine Rothblatt | $1,500,000 | 125% | 100% | 300% | $5,625,000 | ||
James Edgemond | $875,000 | 75% | 100% | 300% | $1,968,750 | ||
Michael Benkowitz | $1,200,000 | 85% | 100% | 300% | $3,060,000 | ||
Paul Mahon | $940,000 | 70% | 100% | 300% | $1,974,000 | ||

48 | United Therapeutics, a public benefit corporation |
Target Value and Target # of PSOs and PSUs Granted | ||||||||||
PSOs | PSUs | |||||||||
Named Executive Officer | Total Target Equity Value Awarded | PSOs Target Value ($) | # of PSOs granted at target | PSUs Target Value ($) | # of PSUs - Revenue Growth granted at target | # of PSUs - R&D Milestones granted at target | ||||
Martine Rothblatt | $14,000,000 | $7,000,000 | 82,410 | $7,000,000 | 16,105 | 16,105 | ||||
James Edgemond | $4,500,000 | $2,250,000 | 26,490 | $2,250,000 | 5,175 | 5,175 | ||||
Michael Benkowitz | $7,200,000 | $3,600,000 | 42,380 | $3,600,000 | 8,280 | 8,280 | ||||
Paul Mahon | $3,500,000 | $1,750,000 | 20,600 | $1,750,000 | 4,025 | 4,025 | ||||
2025 Proxy Statement | 49 |
50 | United Therapeutics, a public benefit corporation |
2024 Peer Group Selection: Fully Objective Criteria •Top 25 companies other than United Therapeutics, ranked by revenue, in the Nasdaq Biotechnology Index •Consistent with the peer group selection methodology used for 2023 •Includes only companies that are U.S.-based or based in jurisdictions with similar compensation disclosure requirements as U.S. companies •Excludes companies with no product revenues (e.g., companies whose revenues consist of royalties) and companies with a business focus dissimilar from ours (e.g., companies focused on animal health products) •Our methodology results in a list of biopharmaceutical and biotechnology peers that are similar to us in terms of financial performance, shareholder value creation, and drug development and commercialization, and which generally reflects the universe of companies from which we recruit, and against which we retain, executive talent •Includes industry-leading peers that are both larger and smaller than we are because, in addition to being companies with which we compete for talent, many of these larger and smaller companies are also our business competitors. We believe this approach results in a peer group that reflects companies of similar scope and complexity to ours. |
2024 PEER GROUP | ||||
Alkermes | Gilead Sciences | Moderna | Seattle Genetics | |
Alnylam Pharmaceuticals | Halozyme Therapeutics | Myriad Genetics | Syneos Health | |
Amgen | Horizon Therapeutics | Neurocrine Biosciences | Vertex Pharmaceuticals | |
BeiGene | Illumina | Novavax | Viatris | |
Biogen | Incyte | PTC Therapeutics | ||
BioMarin Pharmaceuticals | Jazz Pharmaceuticals | Regeneron Pharmaceuticals | ||
Exelixis | Maraval Life Sciences | Sarepta Therapeutics | ||
2025 Proxy Statement | 51 |
United Therapeutics ($ in millions) | Percentile | Rank | ||
Revenue | $1,981.3 | ![]() | 15th of 26 | |
Operating Income | $976.1 | ![]() | 8th of 26 | |
Adjusted Operating Income(1) | $985.4 | ![]() | 9th of 26 | |
Net Income | $728.3 | ![]() | 8th of 26 | |
Return on Invested Capital | 13.4% | ![]() | 5th of 26 | |
Return on Equity | 15.7% | ![]() | 9th of 26 | |
Return on Assets(1) | 10.5% | ![]() | 5th of 26 | |
Market Cap Per Employee(2) | $10.5 | ![]() | 7th of 26 | |
Revenue Per Employee | $2.0 | ![]() | 2nd of 26 | |
52 | United Therapeutics, a public benefit corporation |
2025 Proxy Statement | 53 |
Title of NEO | Ownership Target |
Chairperson and Chief Executive Officer | Lesser of 6x base salary or 100,000 shares |
President and Chief Operating Officer | Lesser of 3x base salary or 30,000 shares |
Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer | Lesser of 3x base salary or 20,000 shares |
Executive Vice President and General Counsel | Lesser of 3x base salary or 30,000 shares |
54 | United Therapeutics, a public benefit corporation |
2025 Proxy Statement | 55 |
Name and Principal Position | Year | Salary(1) ($) | Restricted Stock Units(2) ($) | Stock Options(2) ($) | Non-Equity Incentive Plan Compensation(3) ($) | Change in Pension Value and Nonqualified Deferred Compensation Earnings(4) ($) | All Other Compensation(5) ($) | Total ($) | |
Martine Rothblatt Chairperson and Chief Executive Officer | 2024 | 1,512,401 | (6) | 7,594,474 | 8,020,141 | 5,625,000 | 245,393 | 12,200 | 23,009,609 |
2023 | 1,476,379 | (6) | 5,376,600 | 5,926,252 | 4,161,000 | — | 17,826 | 16,958,057 | |
2022 | 1,402,290 | (6) | — | — | 3,909,114 | — | 10,800 | 5,322,204 | |
James Edgemond Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer | 2024 | 860,577 | 2,440,323 | 2,578,007 | 1,968,750 | 1,282,437 | 34,455 | 9,164,549 | |
2023 | 790,385 | 1,505,100 | 1,659,590 | 1,331,520 | 741,821 | 26,068 | 6,054,484 | ||
2022 | 745,192 | — | — | 1,243,181 | — | 17,411 | 2,005,784 | ||
Michael Benkowitz President and Chief Operating Officer | 2024 | 1,186,539 | 3,904,517 | 4,124,422 | 3,060,000 | 1,581,783 | 36,128 | 13,893,389 | |
2023 | 1,101,154 | 2,579,550 | 2,845,012 | 2,131,542 | 1,125,721 | 23,572 | 9,806,551 | ||
2022 | 973,269 | — | — | 1,841,013 | — | 14,153 | 2,828,435 | ||
Paul Mahon Executive Vice President and General Counsel | 2024 | 940,000 | 1,898,029 | 2,004,792 | 1,974,000 | 116,947 | 29,540 | 6,963,308 | |
2023 | 940,000 | 1,289,775 | 1,422,506 | 1,460,234 | — | 41,086 | 5,153,601 | ||
2022 | 934,231 | — | — | 1,350,371 | — | 24,600 | 2,309,202 |
Name | Type of Equity Award | Number of Shares (at target) | Grant-Date Fair Value (at target) | Number of Shares (at maximum) | Grant-Date Fair Value (at maximum) | ||
Martine Rothblatt | Stock Options | 82,410 | $8,020,141 | 247,230 | $24,060,424 | ||
RSUs | 32,210 | $7,594,474 | 96,630 | $22,783,421 | |||
James Edgemond | Stock Options | 26,490 | $2,578,007 | 79,470 | $7,734,020 | ||
RSUs | 10,350 | $2,440,323 | 31,050 | $7,320,969 | |||
Michael Benkowitz | Stock Options | 42,380 | $4,124,422 | 127,140 | $12,373,265 | ||
RSUs | 16,560 | $3,904,517 | 49,680 | $11,713,550 | |||
Paul Mahon | Stock Options | 20,600 | $2,004,792 | 61,800 | $6,014,376 | ||
RSUs | 8,050 | $1,898,029 | 24,150 | $5,694,087 | |||
56 | United Therapeutics, a public benefit corporation |
Estimated Future Payouts Under Non-Equity Incentive Plan Awards | Estimated Future Payouts Under Equity Incentive Plan Awards | Exercise or Base Price of Stock Option Awards ($/Sh) | Grant Date Fair Value of Stock Option Awards and RSU Awards(5) ($) | |||||||||
Name | Grant Date | Threshold(4) ($) | Target(4) ($) | Maximum(4) ($) | Threshold (#) | Target (#) | Maximum (#) | |||||
Martine Rothblatt | 3/15/2024 | (1) | 41,205 | 82,410 | 247,230 | 235.78 | 8,020,141 | |||||
3/15/2024 | (2) | 8,053 | 16,105 | 48,315 | 3,797,237 | |||||||
3/15/2024 | (3) | 8,053 | 16,105 | 48,315 | 3,797,237 | |||||||
N/A | (4) | 703,125 | 1,875,000 | 5,625,000 | ||||||||
James Edgemond | 3/15/2024 | (1) | 13,245 | 26,490 | 79,470 | 235.78 | 2,578,007 | |||||
3/15/2024 | (2) | 2,588 | 5,175 | 15,525 | 1,220,162 | |||||||
3/15/2024 | (3) | 2,588 | 5,175 | 15,525 | 1,220,162 | |||||||
N/A | (4) | 246,094 | 656,250 | 1,968,750 | ||||||||
Michael Benkowitz | 3/15/2024 | (1) | 21,190 | 42,380 | 127,140 | 235.78 | 4,124,422 | |||||
3/15/2024 | (2) | 4,140 | 8,280 | 24,840 | 1,952,258 | |||||||
3/15/2024 | (3) | 4,140 | 8,280 | 24,840 | 1,952,258 | |||||||
N/A | (4) | 382,500 | 1,020,000 | 3,060,000 | ||||||||
Paul Mahon | 3/15/2024 | (1) | 10,300 | 20,600 | 61,800 | 235.78 | 2,004,792 | |||||
3/15/2024 | (2) | 2,013 | 4,025 | 12,075 | 949,015 | |||||||
3/15/2024 | (3) | 2,013 | 4,025 | 12,075 | 949,015 | |||||||
N/A | (4) | 246,750 | 658,000 | 1,974,000 | ||||||||
2025 Proxy Statement | 57 |
Name | Month/Year of Agreement | Minimum Base Salary under Agreement | Base Salary as of March 3, 2024 | ||
James Edgemond | March 2015 | $400,000 | $875,000 | ||
Michael Benkowitz | June 2016 | $650,000 | $1,200,000 | ||
Paul Mahon | June 2001 | $300,000 | $940,000 | ||
58 | United Therapeutics, a public benefit corporation |
2025 Proxy Statement | 59 |
Option Awards | Stock Awards | ||||||||
Name and Grant Date | Award Type | Number of Securities Underlying Unexercised Options or STAP Awards | Equity Incentive Plan Awards: Number of Securities Underlying Unexercised Unearned Options (#) | Option or STAP Award Exercise Price ($) | Option or STAP Award Expiration Date | Equity Incentive Plan Awards: Number of Unearned and Unvested RSUs (#) | Equity Incentive Plan Awards: Market or Payout Value of Unearned and Unvested RSUs ($)(7) | ||
Exercisable (#) | Unexercisable (#) | ||||||||
Martine Rothblatt | |||||||||
03/15/2016 | Stock Option | 294,000 | — | — | 120.26 | 03/15/2026 | — | — | |
03/15/2017 | Stock Option | 240,000 | — | — | 146.03 | 03/15/2027 | — | — | |
03/15/2017 | Stock Option | 100,000 | — | — | 146.03 | 03/15/2027 | — | — | |
03/15/2017 | Stock Option | 244,122 | — | — | 146.03 | 03/15/2027 | — | — | |
03/15/2017 | Stock Option | 150,288 | — | — | 146.03 | 03/15/2027 | — | — | |
03/15/2018 | Stock Option | 213,827 | — | — | 111.00 | 03/15/2028 | — | — | |
03/15/2018 | Stock Option | 285,103 | — | — | 111.00 | 03/15/2028 | — | — | |
03/15/2019 | Stock Option | 500,000 | — | — | 135.42 | 03/15/2027 | — | — | |
03/15/2019 | Stock Option | 500,000 | — | — | 117.76 | 03/15/2027 | — | — | |
03/15/2023 | Stock Option | (1) | — | — | 207,720 | 217.50 | 03/15/2033 | — | — |
03/15/2023 | RSU | (2) | — | — | — | — | — | 37,080 | 13,083,307 |
03/15/2023 | RSU | (3) | — | — | — | — | — | 37,080 | 13,083,307 |
03/15/2024 | Stock Option | (4) | — | — | 247,230 | 235.78 | 03/15/2034 | — | — |
03/15/2024 | RSU | (5) | — | — | — | — | — | 48,315 | 17,047,465 |
03/15/2024 | RSU | (6) | — | — | — | — | — | 48,315 | 17,047,465 |
James Edgemond | |||||||||
03/15/2017 | Stock Option | 45,000 | — | — | 146.03 | 03/15/2027 | — | — | |
03/15/2017 | Stock Option | 18,750 | — | — | 146.03 | 03/15/2027 | — | — | |
03/15/2017 | Stock Option | 52,312 | — | — | 146.03 | 03/15/2027 | — | — | |
03/15/2017 | Stock Option | 32,205 | — | — | 146.03 | 03/15/2027 | — | — | |
03/15/2018 | Stock Option | 56,512 | — | — | 111.00 | 03/15/2028 | — | — | |
03/15/2018 | Stock Option | 75,349 | — | — | 111.00 | 03/15/2028 | — | — | |
03/15/2019 | Stock Option | 162,500 | — | — | 135.42 | 03/15/2027 | — | — | |
03/15/2019 | Stock Option | 111,500 | — | — | 117.76 | 03/15/2027 | — | — | |
03/15/2023 | Stock Option | (1) | — | — | 58,170 | 217.50 | 03/15/2033 | — | — |
03/15/2023 | RSU | (2) | — | — | — | — | — | 10,380 | 3,662,479 |
03/15/2023 | RSU | (3) | — | — | — | — | — | 10,380 | 3,662,479 |
03/15/2024 | Stock Option | (4) | — | — | 79,470 | 235.78 | 03/15/2034 | — | — |
03/15/2024 | RSU | (5) | — | — | — | — | — | 15,525 | 5,477,841 |
03/15/2024 | RSU | (6) | — | — | — | — | — | 15,525 | 5,477,841 |
Michael Benkowitz | |||||||||
03/15/2017 | Stock Option | 63,000 | — | — | 146.03 | 03/15/2027 | — | — | |
03/15/2017 | Stock Option | 26,250 | — | — | 146.03 | 03/15/2027 | — | — | |
03/15/2017 | Stock Option | 69,750 | — | — | 146.03 | 03/15/2027 | — | — | |
03/15/2017 | Stock Option | 42,940 | — | — | 146.03 | 03/15/2027 | — | — | |
03/15/2018 | Stock Option | 24,500 | — | — | 111.00 | 03/15/2028 | — | — | |
03/15/2018 | Stock Option | 67,179 | — | — | 111.00 | 03/15/2028 | — | — | |
03/15/2019 | Stock Option | 187,500 | — | — | 135.42 | 03/15/2027 | — | — | |
03/15/2019 | Stock Option | 187,500 | — | — | 117.76 | 03/15/2027 | — | — | |
03/15/2023 | Stock Option | (1) | — | — | 99,720 | 217.50 | 03/15/2033 | — | — |
03/15/2023 | RSU | (2) | — | — | — | — | — | 17,790 | 6,277,024 |
03/15/2023 | RSU | (3) | — | — | — | — | — | 17,790 | 6,277,024 |
03/15/2024 | Stock Option | (4) | — | — | 127,140 | 235.78 | 03/15/2034 | — | — |
60 | United Therapeutics, a public benefit corporation |
Option Awards | Stock Awards | ||||||||
Name and Grant Date | Award Type | Number of Securities Underlying Unexercised Options or STAP Awards | Equity Incentive Plan Awards: Number of Securities Underlying Unexercised Unearned Options (#) | Option or STAP Award Exercise Price ($) | Option or STAP Award Expiration Date | Equity Incentive Plan Awards: Number of Unearned and Unvested RSUs (#) | Equity Incentive Plan Awards: Market or Payout Value of Unearned and Unvested RSUs ($)(7) | ||
Exercisable (#) | Unexercisable (#) | ||||||||
03/15/2024 | RSU | (5) | — | — | — | — | — | 24,840 | 8,764,546 |
03/15/2024 | RSU | (6) | — | — | — | — | — | 24,840 | 8,764,546 |
Paul Mahon | |||||||||
03/13/2015 | STAP Award | 37,350 | — | — | 163.30 | 03/13/2025 | — | — | |
03/15/2017 | Stock Option | 75,000 | — | — | 146.03 | 03/15/2027 | — | — | |
03/15/2017 | Stock Option | 31,250 | — | — | 146.03 | 03/15/2027 | — | — | |
03/15/2017 | Stock Option | 69,750 | — | — | 146.03 | 03/15/2027 | — | — | |
03/15/2017 | Stock Option | 42,940 | — | — | 146.03 | 03/15/2027 | — | — | |
03/15/2019 | Stock Option | 150,000 | — | — | 135.42 | 03/15/2027 | — | — | |
03/15/2019 | Stock Option | 48,000 | — | — | 117.76 | 03/15/2027 | — | — | |
03/15/2023 | Stock Option | (1) | — | — | 49,860 | 217.50 | 03/15/2033 | — | — |
03/15/2023 | RSU | (2) | — | — | — | — | — | 8,895 | 3,138,512 |
03/15/2023 | RSU | (3) | — | — | — | — | — | 8,895 | 3,138,512 |
03/15/2024 | Stock Option | (4) | — | — | 61,800 | 235.78 | 03/15/2034 | — | — |
03/15/2024 | RSU | (5) | — | — | — | — | — | 12,075 | 4,260,543 |
03/15/2024 | RSU | (6) | — | — | — | — | — | 12,075 | 4,260,543 |
2025 Proxy Statement | 61 |
Option Awards | STAP Awards | ||||
Name | Number of Shares Acquired on Exercise (#) | Value Realized on Exercise ($)(1) | Number of STAP Awards Exercised (#) | Value Realized on Exercise ($)(1) | |
Martine Rothblatt | 723,869 | 97,415,863 | — | — | |
James Edgemond | 100,000 | 23,423,307 | 40,160 | 4,393,102 | |
Michael Benkowitz | 149,700 | 38,746,665 | 32,200 | 3,130,162 | |
Paul Mahon | 42,000 | 4,553,452 | 78,900 | 14,695,889 | |
Name | Plan Name | Number of Years of Credited Service(1) | Actual Years of Service(2) | Present Value of Accumulated Benefit ($)(3) |
Martine Rothblatt | SERP | 15.0 | 28.5 | 14,420,997 |
James Edgemond | SERP | 12.0 | 12.0 | 7,051,872 |
Michael Benkowitz | SERP | 13.8 | 13.8 | 9,330,590 |
Paul Mahon | SERP | 15.0 | 23.6 | 11,626,478 |
62 | United Therapeutics, a public benefit corporation |
2025 Proxy Statement | 63 |
Executive Benefits and Payments Upon Separation | Involuntary Termination Without Cause/Resignation for Good Reason/ Resignation While Continuing as Senior Advisor(1) | Disability | Death | Termination upon a Change in Control | Change In Control without Termination of Employment | |||||
Martine Rothblatt | ||||||||||
Salary and cash incentive | $21,144,000 | $1,500,000 | $1,500,000 | $21,144,000 | $— | |||||
Equity vesting acceleration(2) | $39,105,037 | $39,105,037 | $39,105,037 | $39,105,037 | $39,105,037 | |||||
Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan(3) | $14,420,997 | $14,420,997 | $9,983,160 | $14,420,997 | $14,420,997 | |||||
Health and other benefits(4) | $154,967 | $— | $— | $154,967 | $— | |||||
Total | $74,825,001 | $55,026,034 | $50,588,197 | $74,825,001 | $53,526,034 | |||||
James Edgemond | ||||||||||
Salary and cash incentive | $172,603 | $— | $— | $4,413,040 | $— | |||||
Equity vesting acceleration(2) | $— | $11,818,709 | $11,818,709 | $11,818,709 | $11,818,709 | |||||
Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan | $— | $7,439,198 | $5,114,600 | $7,429,423 | $7,429,423 | |||||
Health and other benefits(5) | $— | $— | $— | $77,692 | $— | |||||
Total | $172,603 | $19,257,907 | $16,933,309 | $23,738,864 | $19,248,132 | |||||
Michael Benkowitz | ||||||||||
Salary and cash incentive | $581,918 | $— | $— | $6,663,084 | $— | |||||
Equity vesting acceleration(2) | $— | $19,487,417 | $19,487,417 | $19,487,417 | $19,487,417 | |||||
Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan | $— | $6,789,316 | $4,291,637 | $9,271,544 | $9,271,544 | |||||
Health and other benefits(5) | $— | $— | $— | $77,692 | $— | |||||
Total | $581,918 | $26,276,733 | $23,779,054 | $35,499,737 | $28,758,961 | |||||
Paul Mahon | ||||||||||
Salary and cash incentive | $4,800,468 | $— | $— | $4,800,468 | $— | |||||
Equity vesting acceleration(2) | $9,593,490 | $9,593,490 | $9,593,490 | $9,593,490 | $9,593,490 | |||||
Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan(3) | $11,626,478 | $11,626,478 | $8,157,826 | $11,626,478 | $11,626,478 | |||||
Total | $26,020,436 | $21,219,968 | $17,751,316 | $26,020,436 | $21,219,968 | |||||
64 | United Therapeutics, a public benefit corporation |
Provision | Terms Applicable to Chairperson and CEO | Terms Applicable to Mr. Mahon |
Payments Upon Involuntary Termination without Cause, or Resignation for Good Reason, or Resignation while Continuing as Senior Advisor | •Lump sum prorated cash incentive bonus payment* •Lump sum payment equal to 3.0 times base salary + 3.0 times annual cash incentive award* •Continuation of health care benefits for 36 months, outplacement services for 12 months and the transfer of one company owned vehicle •Immediate vesting of unvested stock options and PSUs** | •Lump sum payment equal to 2.0 times: (1) current base salary; plus (2) annual cash incentive award* •Immediate vesting of unvested stock options and PSUs** |
Payments Upon Disability | •Continued payment of current base salary through the end of the calendar year following such disability •Acceleration of SERP benefits •Immediate vesting of unvested stock options and PSUs** | •Immediate vesting of unvested stock options and PSUs** •Acceleration of SERP benefits |
Payments Upon Death | •Continued payment of current base salary through the end of the calendar year following such death to Executive’s legal representatives •Acceleration of SERP benefits •Immediate vesting of unvested stock options and PSUs** | •Immediate vesting of unvested stock options and PSUs** •Acceleration of SERP benefits |
Payments Upon Termination Following Change in Control | •Same as Payments Upon Involuntary Termination, etc., except that payment of SERP benefits occurs immediately, and is calculated as described above under Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan | •Same as Payments Upon Involuntary Termination, etc. •Acceleration of SERP benefits |
Payments Upon Change in Control without Termination | •Acceleration of SERP benefits •Immediate vesting of unvested stock options and PSUs** (if not assumed) | •Immediate vesting of unvested stock options and PSUs** (if not assumed) •Acceleration of SERP benefits |
Provision | Terms Applicable to Mr. Edgemond and Mr. Benkowitz |
Payments Upon Involuntary Termination without Cause | •Lump sum payment equal to base salary through the remainder of the agreement term |
Payments Upon Disability | •Continued payment of current base salary through date of termination •Immediate vesting of unvested stock options and PSUs* •Acceleration of SERP benefits |
Payments Upon Death | •Immediate vesting of unvested stock options and PSUs* •Acceleration of SERP benefits |
2025 Proxy Statement | 65 |
Provision | Terms Applicable to Mr. Edgemond and Mr. Benkowitz |
Payments Upon Termination Following Change in Control | •Payment of a lump sum cash amount equal to 2.0 times the sum of (x) base salary plus (y) the highest of (1) the cash incentive paid to the individual for the year immediately preceding the year in which the change in control occurs; (2) the cash incentive paid to the individual for the year immediately preceding the year in which the termination of employment occurs; or (3) the individual’s annual target cash incentive award •Immediate vesting of unvested stock options and PSUs* •Acceleration of SERP benefits •Continuation of health care benefits for 24 months •Outplacement benefits for six months |
Payments Upon Change in Control without Termination | •Acceleration of SERP benefits •Immediate vesting of unvested stock options and PSUs* (if not assumed) |
Year (a) | Summary Compensation Table Total for PEO(1) (b) | Compensation Actually Paid to PEO(2) (c) | Average Summary Compensation Table Total for Non-PEO NEOs(3) (d) | Average Compensation Actually Paid to Non-PEO NEOs(4) (e) | Value of Initial Fixed $100 Investment Based on: | Net Income ($ in millions)(7) (h) | Revenue ($ in millions)(8) (i) | |||||||||
Total Share- Holder Return(5) (f) | Peer Group Total Share- Holder Return(6) (g) | |||||||||||||||
2024 | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||
2023 | $ | $( | $ | $( | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||
2022 | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||
2021 | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||
2020 | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||
66 | United Therapeutics, a public benefit corporation |
Compensation Actually Paid to PEO | 2024 |
Summary Compensation Table Total | $ |
Less value of Stock Options and RSUs reported in Summary Compensation Table | $ |
Less Change in Pension Value reported in Summary Compensation Table | $ |
Plus year-end fair value of outstanding and unvested equity awards granted in the year | $ |
Plus fair value as of vesting date of equity awards granted and vested in the year | |
Plus (less) year over year change in fair value of outstanding and unvested equity awards granted in prior years | $ |
Plus (less) change in fair value from prior fiscal year end to the vesting date of equity awards granted in prior years that vested in the year | |
Less prior year-end fair value for any equity awards forfeited in the year | |
Plus dividends or other earnings paid on awards in the covered fiscal year prior to vesting if not otherwise included in the Summary Compensation Table Total for the covered fiscal year | |
Plus pension service cost for services rendered during the year | |
Compensation Actually Paid to Martine Rothblatt, Chairperson and CEO | $ |
Average Compensation Actually Paid to Non-PEO NEOs | 2024 |
Average Summary Compensation Table Total | $ |
Less average value of Stock Options and RSUs reported in Summary Compensation Table | $ |
Less average Change in Pension Value reported in Summary Compensation Table | $ |
Plus average year-end fair value of outstanding and unvested equity awards granted in the year | $ |
Plus average fair value as of vesting date of equity awards granted and vested in the year | |
Plus (less) average year over year change in fair value of outstanding and unvested equity awards granted in prior years | $ |
Plus (less) average change in fair value from prior fiscal year end to the vesting date of equity awards granted in prior years that vested in the year | |
Less prior year-end fair value for any equity awards forfeited in the year | |
Plus dividends or other earnings paid on awards in the covered fiscal year prior to vesting if not otherwise included in the Summary Compensation Table Total for the covered fiscal year | |
Plus average pension service cost for services rendered during the year | $ |
Average Compensation Actually Paid to Non-PEO NEOs | $ |
2025 Proxy Statement | 67 |



68 | United Therapeutics, a public benefit corporation |
2025 Proxy Statement | 69 |
3 | Approval of The Amendment and Restatement of The United Therapeutics Corporation Amended and Restated 2015 Stock Incentive Plan |
70 | United Therapeutics, a public benefit corporation |
Total shares underlying all outstanding stock options | 5,796,973 | |
Weighted average exercise price of outstanding stock options | $158.81 | |
Weighted average remaining contractual life of outstanding stock options | 3.6 years | |
Total shares of common stock outstanding | 45,071,615 | |
Total shares underlying all outstanding and unvested performance shares | 552,406 | |
Total shares underlying all outstanding and unvested restricted stock (excluding performance shares) | 885,268 | |
Shares available for future awards that could be issued under the 2015 Stock Incentive Plan(1) | 2,155,315 | |
Shares available for future awards that could be issued under the 2019 Inducement Stock Incentive Plan(2) | 1,448 |
2025 Proxy Statement | 71 |
Options Granted(1) | Full-Value Shares Granted(1) | Total Granted = Options+ Full-Value Shares | Weighted Average Number of Common Shares Outstanding | Burn Rate | |
Fiscal 2024 | 551,667 | 437,037 | 988,704 | 45,167,731 | 2.2% |
Fiscal 2023 | 455,996 | 370,068 | 826,064 | 46,788,051 | 1.8% |
Fiscal 2022 | 40,029 | 683,280 | 723,309 | 45,451,063 | 1.6% |
Three-Year Average | 349,231 | 496,795 | 846,026 | 45,802,282 | 1.9% |
72 | United Therapeutics, a public benefit corporation |
Name and Principal Position | Stock Options | Restricted Stock Units(1) |
Martine Rothblatt | 3,181,024 | 230,040 |
Chairperson and Chief Executive Officer | ||
James Edgemond | 852,137 | 70,860 |
Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer | ||
Michael Benkowitz | 1,139,871 | 115,740 |
President and Chief Operating Officer | ||
Paul Mahon | 946,514 | 56,760 |
Executive Vice President and General Counsel | ||
All executive officers as a group (4 persons) | 6,119,546 | 473,400 |
All non-executive directors as a group (11 persons) | 426,290 | 134,410 |
Each nominee for election as a director | — | — |
Each associate of the above-mentioned directors, executive officers, or nominees | — | — |
Each other person who received or is to receive 5% of such options, warrants or rights | — | — |
All employees (other than current executive officers) as a group (3,021 persons)(2) | 1,744,081 | 2,133,499 |
2025 Proxy Statement | 73 |
74 | United Therapeutics, a public benefit corporation |
2025 Proxy Statement | 75 |
76 | United Therapeutics, a public benefit corporation |
2025 Proxy Statement | 77 |
Plan category | Number of securities to be issued upon exercise of outstanding options and RSUs (a)(3) | Weighted average exercise price of outstanding options (b)(4) | Number of securities remaining available for future issuance under equity compensation plans (excluding securities reflected in column (a)) (c)(5) | |
Equity compensation plan approved by security holders(1) | 6,756,476 | $148.62 | 5,463,222 | |
Equity compensation plan not approved by security holders(2) | 34,723 | — | 1,448 | |
Total | 6,791,199 | $148.62 | 5,464,670 | |
78 | United Therapeutics, a public benefit corporation |
4 | Ratification of The Appointment of Ernst & Young LLP as United Therapeutics Corporation’s Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm for 2025 |
2025 Proxy Statement | 79 |
2024 | 2023 | ||
Audit fees | $2,564,371 | $2,332,695 | |
Audit-related fees | — | — | |
Tax fees: | |||
Fees for tax compliance services | 396,367 | 370,275 | |
Fees for tax consulting services (including tax advice and tax planning) | 65,558 | 6,755 | |
Total tax fees | 461,925 | 377,030 | |
All other fees | 7,632 | 7,632 | |
$3,033,928 | $2,717,357 |
80 | United Therapeutics, a public benefit corporation |
2025 Proxy Statement | 81 |
82 | United Therapeutics, a public benefit corporation |
Name | Number of Shares of Common Stock Beneficially Owned(1) | Percentage of Outstanding Shares(2) |
Beneficial Owners | ||
BlackRock, Inc.(3) 50 Hudson Yards New York, NY 10001 | 5,294,844 | 11.7% |
The Vanguard Group(4) 100 Vanguard Boulevard Malvern, PA 19355 | 4,687,393 | 10.4% |
Avoro Capital Advisors LLC(5) 110 Greene Street, Suite 800 New York, NY 10012 | 2,858,888 | 6.3% |
Wellington Management Group LLP(6) 280 Congress Street Boston, MA 02210 | 2,463,891 | 5.5% |
FMR LLC(7) 245 Summer Street Boston, MA 02210 | 2,321,039 | 5.1% |
Executive Officers, Directors, and Nominees | ||
Martine Rothblatt(8) | 3,193,762 | 6.7% |
Michael Benkowitz(9) | 579,588 | 1.3% |
James Edgemond(10) | 562,246 | 1.2% |
Paul Mahon(11) | 442,721 | 1.0% |
Tommy Thompson(12) | 66,770 | * |
Ray Kurzweil(13) | 45,290 | * |
Christopher Patusky(14) | 42,230 | * |
Linda Maxwell(15) | 34,670 | * |
Nilda Mesa(16) | 31,558 | * |
Richard Giltner(17) | 22,420 | * |
Christopher Causey(18) | 21,555 | * |
Louis Sullivan(19) | 13,480 | * |
Raymond Dwek(20) | 9,310 | * |
Judy Olian(21) | 7,975 | * |
Jan Malcolm | — | * |
All directors and executive officers as a group (15 persons)(22) | 5,073,575 | 10.3% |
2025 Proxy Statement | 83 |
84 | United Therapeutics, a public benefit corporation |
2025 Proxy Statement | 85 |
86 | United Therapeutics, a public benefit corporation |
2025 Proxy Statement | 87 |
2025 Proxy Statement | A-1 |
A-2 | United Therapeutics, a public benefit corporation |
2025 Proxy Statement | A-3 |
A-4 | United Therapeutics, a public benefit corporation |
2025 Proxy Statement | A-5 |
A-6 | United Therapeutics, a public benefit corporation |
2025 Proxy Statement | A-7 |
A-8 | United Therapeutics, a public benefit corporation |
2025 Proxy Statement | A-9 |
A-10 | United Therapeutics, a public benefit corporation |
2025 Proxy Statement | A-11 |
A-12 | United Therapeutics, a public benefit corporation |
2025 Proxy Statement | B-1 |
(In millions, except percentages) | Year Ended December 31, 2024 |
Net income, as reported | $1,195.1 |
Adjusted for the following: | |
Interest income, net | (156.2) |
Income tax expense | 343.9 |
Depreciation & amortization expense | 72.5 |
Share-based compensation expense | 144.0 |
EBITDASO (Non-GAAP) | $1,599.3 |
Total revenues | $2,877.4 |
Net income margin | 41.5% |
EBITDASO margin | 55.6% |



