| (1) |
Estimated solely for purposes
of calculating the registration fee in accordance with Rule 457(o) under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities
Act”). |
| (2) |
Pursuant to Rule 416 under
the Securities Act, the securities registered hereby also include an indeterminate number of additional securities as may from time
to time become issuable by reason of stock splits, stock dividends, recapitalizations, or other similar transactions. |
| (3) |
Includes the price of additional
shares of common stock that may be issued upon exercise of the over-allotment option granted to the underwriters to cover over-allotments,
if any. |
| (4) |
The proposed maximum aggregate
offering price of the common stock will be reduced on a dollar-for-dollar basis based on the offering price of any pre-funded warrants
issued in the offering, and the proposed maximum aggregate offering price of the pre-funded warrants to be issued in the offering
will be reduced on a dollar-for-dollar basis based on the offering price of any common stock issued in the offering. Accordingly,
the proposed maximum aggregate offering price of the common stock and pre-funded warrants (including the common stock issuable upon
exercise of the pre-funded warrants), if any, is $13,800,000. |
| (5) |
No fee pursuant to Rule
457(g) of the Securities Act. |