IAMGOLD Corporation: - Filed by newsfilecorp.com

The following Management's Discussion and Analysis ("MD&A") of IAMGOLD Corporation ("IAMGOLD" or the "Company"), dated February 17, 2026, should be read in conjunction with IAMGOLD's audited consolidated financial statements and related notes as at and for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2025. All figures in this MD&A are in U.S. dollars and tabular dollar amounts are in millions, unless stated otherwise. Additional information on IAMGOLD can be found at www.iamgold.com. However, the information on the website is not in any way incorporated in or made a part of this MD&A.

IAMGOLD is an intermediate gold producer and developer based in Canada with operating mines in North America and West Africa, including Côté Gold (Canada), Westwood (Canada) and Essakane (Burkina Faso). The Côté Gold Mine ("Côté" or "Côté Gold") is among the largest gold mines in production in Canada, which IAMGOLD operates in a 70|30 partnership with Sumitomo Metal Mining Co. Ltd. ("SMM"). In addition, the Company has an established portfolio of early stage and advanced exploration projects within high potential mining districts, including the large-scale Nelligan Mining Complex located in Quebec, Canada.

IAMGOLD employs approximately 3,700 people and is committed to maintaining its culture of accountable mining through high standards of Environmental, Social and Governance ("ESG") practices. IAMGOLD is listed on the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE:IAG) and the Toronto Stock Exchange (TSX:IMG).

• Attributable gold production for the fourth quarter was 242,400 ounces and 765,900 ounces for the year, achieving the mid-point of the Company's 2025 production guidance of 735,000 to 820,000 ounces, following record quarterly production at all of its operations, including at Côté Gold which achieved the top end of its guidance target.

• Côté produced a record 87,200 attributable ounces (124,600 ounces | 100%) in the fourth quarter, and 279,900 attributable ounces (399,800 ounces | 100%) for the full year, achieving the top end of the attributable 2025 production guidance range of 250,000 to 280,000 ounces (360,000 to 400,000 ounces | 100%).

• Westwood produced a record 37,900 ounces in the fourth quarter and 113,900 ounces for the full year, below the bottom end of the 2025 guidance range of 125,000 to 140,000 ounces.

• Essakane produced 117,300 attributable ounces (a record 138,100 ounces | 100%) in the fourth quarter and 372,100 attributable ounces (427,200 ounces | 100%) for the full year, exceeding the mid-point of the production guidance range on a 100% basis.

• Revenues in the fourth quarter totaled $1,088.1 million from sales of 259,000 ounces at an average realized gold price of $4,191 per ounce¹. For the year, revenues were $2,852.8 million from sales of 817,800 ounces at an average realized gold price of $3,482 per ounce¹. The average realized gold price for the year ended 2025, excluding the impact of the 2024 gold prepay arrangement, was $3,549 per ounce (see "Financial Condition - Gold prepay arrangements").

• Cost of sales per ounce sold was $1,374 for the fourth quarter and $1,489 for the year.

• Cash cost¹per ounce sold, excluding royalties, was $1,031 for the fourth quarter and $1,230 for the year.

• Cash cost¹per ounce sold, including royalties, was $1,367 for the fourth quarter and $1,484 for the year, compared to the guidance range of $1,375 to $1,475.

• AISC¹per ounce sold was $1,750 for the fourth quarter and $1,900 for the year, within the guidance range of $1,830 to $1,930.

• Net earnings and adjusted net earnings attributable to equity holders¹was $406.6 million and $405.8 million for the fourth quarter, and $664.4 million and $709.2 million for the year, respectively.

• Net earnings and adjusted net earnings per share attributable to equity holders¹of $0.70 and $0.70 for the fourth quarter, respectively; for the year, net earnings and adjusted net earnings per share attributable to equity holders¹of $1.16 and $1.23 respectively.

• Net cash from operating activities was $701.7 million for the fourth quarter, and $1,142.6 million for the year. Net cash from operating activities, before movements in working capital and non-current ore stockpiles¹, was $691.6 million for the fourth quarter and $1,204.4 million for the year.

• Earnings before interest, income taxes, depreciation and amortization ("EBITDA")¹was $685.5 million for the fourth quarter and $1,502.9 million for the year, and Adjusted EBITDA¹was $710.1 million for the fourth quarter and $1,550.5 million for the year.

• Record mine-site free cash flow¹of $626.6 million for the fourth quarter and $1,199.0 million for the year, including attributable mine-site free cash flow from Côté of $197.0 million for the fourth quarter.

• The Company has available liquidity¹of $868.6 million, mainly comprised of cash and cash equivalents of $421.9 million and the available balance of the revolving credit facility ("Credit Facility") of $445.7 as at December 31, 2025. Net debt was $344.4 million at December 31, 2025, a reduction of $514.9 million during the year.

• In health and safety, for the year ended December 31, 2025, the Company reported a total recordable injuries frequency rate ("TRIFR") of 0.60 for the year, tracking below the prior year performance. IAMGOLD is continuing to advance its critical risk management and visible leadership to improve safety and reduce high-potential incidents.

• Total attributable production for IAMGOLD in 2026 is expected to be in the range of 720,000 to 820,000 ounces, as operations at Côté Gold focus on sustainable operations at nameplate operating rates ahead of the technical report outlining the expansion plans which is expected to be announced in the fourth quarter 2026.

• Cash costs¹, excluding royalties, are expected to average $1,100 to $1,250 per ounce sold. With the current strong gold price environment, royalties account for an average of approximately $325 per ounce sold - based on a gold price assumption for 2026 of $4,000 per ounce. Cash costs¹, including royalties, are expected to average $1,425 to $1,575 per ounce sold.

• On February 17, 2026, IAMGOLD announced its updated Mineral Reserves and Resources statement as of December 31, 2025.

• Proven and Probable ("P&P") Mineral Reserves (100% basis) total 9.9 million ounces of gold in 279.6 million tonnes ("Mt") at 1.10 g/t Au (7.5 million ounces attributable). P&P Mineral Reserves decreased 7%, or 796,000 ounces, from the prior year, primarily due to depletion at Côté Gold and Essakane partially offset by an increase in Mineral Reserves at Westwood.

• Measured and Indicated ("M&I") Mineral Resources (100% basis) increased 16% to 31.0 million ounces of gold in 1.0 billion tonnes ("Bt") at 0.94 g/t Au (24.6 million ounces attributable). The increase was primarily associated with the conversion of Inferred Mineral Resources in the Gosselin deposit at Côté Gold and Nelligan deposit, coupled with the inclusion of the Philibert and Chevrier deposits as part of the Northern Superior transaction towards the end of the year.

• Allocated $400 million of free cash flows generated in the fourth quarter to repay the remaining balance of $300 million of the second lien term loan, repay $50 million of the Credit Facility and purchased 3 million shares for $50 million as part of the share buyback program. Subsequent to quarter end, the Company has purchased an additional 2.6 million shares for $50 million. Essakane's attributable free cash flow for 2026 is expected to be approximately $400 to $500 million at a $4,000 per ounce gold price. The Company intends to use this free cash flow to repurchase shares under its share buyback program as the cash is generated and repatriated from Essakane over the course of 2026.

• $291 million of cash was repatriated from Essakane in the fourth quarter and an additional $171 million subsequent to quarter end, using the new structure that enables payments to be made at any time of the year based on the cash generated in excess of working capital requirements by Essakane.

• Consolidation of Nelligan Mining Complex with the closing of the previously announced acquisitions of all of the issued and outstanding shares of each of Northern Superior Resources Inc. ("Northern Superior") and Mines d'Or Orbec Inc. ("Orbec") by way of a plan of arrangement on December 19, 2025, and December 22, 2025, respectively. The transactions consolidated the Chibougamau region with a dominant land position of approximately 134,000 hectares. The Northern Superior acquisition with the Philibert, Chevrier and Croteau²projects together with Orbec acquisition with the Muus project are combined with IAMGOLD's Nelligan and Monster Lake Projects (together, the "Nelligan Mining Complex"). The newly combined assets, together, rank as one of the largest pre-production gold camps in Canada with Measured and Indicated Mineral Resources of 4.3 million ounces ("Moz Au") and Inferred Mineral Resources of 7.5 Moz Au. The close proximity of the primary deposits to each other supports the conceptual vision of a central processing facility being fed from multiple ore sources within a 17-kilometre radius.

2. At the time of the Northern Superior acquisition, disclosed estimates were 3.75 Moz Au Measured and Indicated Mineral Resources and 8.65 Moz Au Inferred Mineral Resources, which included Croteau. As at December 31, 2025, the Company opted to exclude the mineral resources previously associated with the Croteau property in its year end update, resulting in reported totals of 4.34 Moz Au Measured and Indicated Mineral Resources and 7.50 Moz Au Inferred Mineral Resources.

For more details and the Company's overall outlook for 2026, see "Outlook", and for individual mines performance, see "Operations". The following table summarizes certain operating and financial results for the three months ended December 31, 2025 (Q4 2025), December 31, 2024 (Q4 2024) and the years ended December 31 for 2025, 2024 and 2023.

1. Attributable portion for Côté Gold is based on IAMGOLD's ownership of 70%. Prior to November 30, 2024, IAMGOLD's attributable portion was 60.3%. See "Operations - Côté Gold, Canada" for more details.

2. IAMGOLD's Essakane ownership interest decreased from 90% to 85% effective June 20, 2025. See "Operations - Essakane, Burkina Faso" for more details. The attributable portion for Essakane is presented as 90% for the first half of 2025 and 85% for the second half of 2025 throughout this MD&A.

3. Throughout this MD&A, cost of sales, excluding depreciation, and cost of sales, excluding depreciation and royalties are disclosed in the segment note in the consolidated financial statements.

4. Refer to the "Non-GAAP Financial Measures" disclosure at the end of this MD&A for a description and calculation of these measures.

5. All prepay delivery obligations were completed by the end of the second quarter 2025. The average realized gold price for the year ended 2025, excluding the impact of the 2024 prepay arrangement (see "Financial Condition - Gold prepay arrangements"), was $3,549 per ounce.

1. Refer to the "Non-GAAP Financial Measures" disclosure at the end of this MD&A for a description and calculation of these measures.

2. Sustaining and expansion capital expenditures represent incurred expenditures for property, plant and equipment and exploration and evaluation assets, and exclude right-of-use assets and working capital impacts.

1. Cost of sales, including depreciation, cash costs and AISC are expressed on an attributable ounce sold basis (excluding the non-controlling interests at Essakane). See "Operations - Essakane, Burkina Faso".

3. Côté capital expenditures reflect the proportionate interest in Côté Gold UJV on an incurred basis.

Total attributable production for IAMGOLD in 2026 is expected to be in the range of 720,000 to 820,000 ounces, as operations at Côté Gold focus on sustainable operations at nameplate operating rates ahead of the technical report outlining the expansion plans which is expected to be announced in the fourth quarter 2026. For further details, refer to the "Operations" section of each mine below.

The attributable guidance for Essakane is estimated according to IAMGOLD's 85% ownership interest. See "Operations - Essakane, Burkina Faso" for more details.

1. Consists of Côté Gold and Westwood on an attributable basis of 70% and 100%, respectively, and an attributable basis of 90% at Essakane for the first half of 2025 and 85% thereafter.

Cash costs on a consolidated basis, excluding royalties, are expected to be in the range of $1,100 to $1,250 per ounce sold. With the current strong gold price environment, royalties account for an average of approximately $325 per ounce sold - based on a gold price assumption for 2026 of $4,000 per ounce. Cash costs, including royalties, are expected to average $1,425 to $1,575 per ounce sold. AISC for IAMGOLD are expected to be in the range of $2,000 and $2,150 per ounce sold.

The full year guidance for 2026 is based on the following assumptions (before the impact of hedging): an average realized gold price of $4,000 per ounce, USD/CAD exchange rate of 1.35, EUR/USD exchange rate of 1.18, average Brent oil price of $65 per barrel and West Texas Intermediate (WTI) price of $65 per barrel. For expected impacts from fluctuation in these assumptions, refer to the Sensitivity Impact table included in the "Financial Condition" section.

1. 100% basis, for Westwood and Essakane, 70% for Côté Gold, all on an incurred basis.

3. Includes $7 million of capitalized exploration and evaluation expenditures also included in the Exploration Outlook guidance table.

Sustaining capital expenditures are expected to be approximately $380 million ±5%. Sustaining capital at Côté Gold, on an attributable basis, is expected to total $160 million ±5%, an increase from the prior year due to additional non-recurring plant and infrastructure design changes and improvements identified during the ramp-up to optimize operations and operating costs.

Expansion capital expenditures are expected to total $120 million ±5% in 2026. The Company intends to accelerate spending to de-risk the contemplated Côté expansion; early works include basic mill infrastructure and a significant pushback to expand the operating area of the pit. Additional expansion capital is associated with development works at Westwood to support the study of options to expand the mine in the eastern parts of Westwood underground that could be amenable to bulk mining.

Exploration expenditures for 2026 are expected to be approximately $54 million, the majority of which will be expensed. The largest exploration spend in 2026 is expected to be the Nelligan complex of approximately $24 million including the construction of certain infrastructure to support an expanding program, Côté Gold of approximately $5 million attributed to IAMGOLD, and Essakane at approximately $6 million.

The Company expects to pay cash taxes in the range of $205 to $215 million during 2026. Cash tax payments do not occur evenly by quarter, as amounts paid in a quarter can include payments of the final balance of the prior year taxes and payments of instalments for the current year, both required to be made at times as prescribed by different countries. There are no significant cash taxes expected in respect of the new global minimum top-up taxes ("GloBE").

Depreciation expense for 2026 is expected to be $480 million (±5%) corresponding with production levels and depletion of certain pit phases for which waste stripping costs have been capitalized

The Company is committed to maintaining its culture of accountable mining through high standards of Environmental, Social and Governance practices, in every aspect of its business. The Company tracks its ESG performance to understand progress and achievements across a range of material topics and indicators and draws upon various ESG frameworks and standards and internationally recognized methodologies such as the Global Reporting Initiative and Sustainability Accounting Standards Board to guide its Sustainability Report:

• On May 6, 2025, the Company released its annual Sustainability Report, outlining the Company's 2024 sustainability performance.

• On December 16, 2025, the Company released its 2024 Scope 3 Emissions Report. As a member of the Mining Association of Canada ("MAC"), the Company participates in the Towards Sustainable Mining ("TSM") initiative at its Westwood operation, as well as internationally at Essakane (Burkina Faso), which exceeds MAC's requirements of reporting only on Canadian operations. The Company conducted internal assessments of the 2024 TSM results for the Westwood and Essakane mines that were also externally verified and achieved an 'A' level or higher for all indicators within all protocols. The 2025 self-assessment reported improvement on some indicators.

In 2025, the Company set and achieved most of its ESG targets related to health and safety; equity, diversity, and inclusion; and environment, including:

• Integration of Critical Risk Management into operational processes including the development of a control verification tool,

• Advance the catchment-based Water Framework at sites through the development of roadmaps, and

IAMGOLD's TRIFR was 0.60 as of December 31, 2025, compared to 0.63 as of December 31, 2024. IAMGOLD is continuing to advance its critical risk management and visible leadership to improve safety and reduce high-potential incidents. This includes the integration of contractors in the critical risk management program. The Company continues to track a range of leading indicators around critical risk management, contractor management, and incident investigation quality.

In 2025, the Company's key environmental focus areas were water and biodiversity. Building on the water stewardship framework developed in 2024, activities during the year focused on advancing initiatives identified in site-level water roadmaps, developing water performance scorecards, and re-assessing each operation's maturity against the Company's water stewardship framework. Following the establishment of the corporate biodiversity roadmap in 2024, the Company initiated work in 2025 on the development of site-specific regional biodiversity strategies. The Company also initiated work on determining a value of carbon approach for incorporating carbon considerations into decision-making.

The Company's three operating sites all have closure plans filed with the authorities supported by associated financial assurance to secure future restoration funds. In 2025, work to update each closure plan was undertaken to reflect current disturbance conditions and restoration concepts.

Essakane has been certified ISO 14001 for many years and conducted a management review of its environmental management system. The site continued to run an environmental 'stop incident' campaign to educate and empower employees to recognize and respond to environmental risks.

Westwood completed the pilot water recycling projects to reduce water withdrawal from the Bousquet River, and full-scale implementation is planned for 2026.

There were zero significant environmental or community incidents reported during 2025¹.

Throughout 2025, each operation continued to engage with their communities of interest and support community investment initiatives.

At Essakane, key engagements and activities included discussions on economic, social, security, and resettlement topics. In the fourth quarter 2024, IAMGOLD partnered with Project CURE to deliver two 40-foot containers of medical supplies to seven health centers in the Dori and Gorom-Gorom districts. After a needs assessment, IAMGOLD committed to funding two additional containers and four containers will be distributed in 2026 - three funded by IAMGOLD and one by Resource Capital Funds Foundation.

At Côté Gold, the Company hosted site tours with both elected local municipal and provincial officials, as well as Indigenous partner communities to share information about the mine and IAMGOLD's approach to responsible mining. The Company maintained ongoing communication with our neighbouring First Nation communities, local land users, communities' groups and government agencies through meetings, email, social media and school presentations.

At Westwood, the team continued to meet with Abitibiwinni First Nation related to the negotiation of an Impact Benefit Agreement.

1. IAMGOLD defines significant incidents as those assessed as Level 4 or 5 based on the Company's risk matrix, and/or resulting in fines greater than US$100,000. The Company's risk matrix includes a consequence matrix to determine incident severity that considers environmental, health and safety, social, and financial aspects.

As a Canadian business committed to responding to the Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Canada's Calls to Action¹, IAMGOLD launched a company-wide initiative in the first quarter 2025, that will help the Company articulate how it works with Indigenous peoples beyond reconciliation, towards a future that builds upon the Company's experiences and reflects its values. This work will lead to the creation of a coherent vision for reconciliation and a roadmap to help guide the Company's actions as an organization. During the fourth quarter 2025, IAMGOLD continued its work, supported by an Indigenous-owned business, to define a five-year plan for action in support of reconciliation.

IAMGOLD includes annual objectives to support its efforts in integrating Equity, Diversity and Inclusion ("EDI") into the strategy and corporate scorecard, for the annual objectives, and tracks EDI metrics in site and corporate reports for visibility and measurement. IAMGOLD's executive leadership team has a 40% women representation.

The Board of Directors of IAMGOLD (the "Board") maintains diversity and renewal guidelines that reflect governance best practices. Membership should comprise, at a minimum, of the greater of (i) two women directors, or (ii) 30% women directors. The average tenure of the Board should not exceed ten years, and no director should serve as the chair of the Board or the chair of any committee for more than ten consecutive years.

Women represent 44% of all directors and 50% of independent directors. The average tenure of directors on the Board is approximately three years.

1. The Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Canada (2015) released its Calls to Action report, which included a call to the Canadian corporate sector to support reconciliation

The Côté District is located 125 kilometres southwest of Timmins and 175 kilometres north of Sudbury, Ontario, Canada. The mine is being operated through an unincorporated joint venture (the "Côté Gold UJV" or "UJV") between IAMGOLD, as the operator, and SMM. On November 30, 2024, the Company repurchased a 9.7% temporarily transferred interest (the "Funding Agreement with SMM") which returned IAMGOLD to its full 70% interest in the Côté Gold UJV. See "Funding Agreement with SMM" below.

Côté Gold Mine (IAMGOLD interest - 70% for 2025, 60.3% from January 2024 to November 2024 and 70% for December 2024)

3. Average gold price realized on the attributable portion of sales excludes the impact of gold delivered into prepayment arrangements.

4. As per note 35 of the consolidated financial statements for revenues and cost of sales. Cost of sales is net of depreciation expense.

5. Includes the 7.5% gross margin royalty and various net smelter return royalties.

6. Cost of sales, cash costs excluding royalties cash costs and AISC per ounce sold may not be calculated based on amounts presented in this table due to rounding.

• In its first full year of operations, Côté's attributable production was 279,900 ounces (399,800 ounces | 100%), achieving the top-end of the annual guidance range. The mine completed the ramp-up and achieved nameplate plant throughput of 36,000 tonnes per day ("tpd") over a period of thirty consecutive days ahead of schedule in June.

• Attributable gold production in the fourth quarter 2025 was a record 87,200 ounces (124,600 ounces | 100%), a 40% increase from the prior year period.

• Mining activity totaled 11.1 million tonnes in the fourth quarter 2025. Ore tonnes mined increased to a record 4.5 million tonnes, or 24% over the prior year period, with an associated strip ratio of 1.5:1 waste to ore. The average grade mined was 1.04 g/t in the fourth quarter 2025, in line with expectations, and the highest quarterly grade mined to date for the operation.

• Mill throughput in the fourth quarter 2025 totaled 2.9 million tonnes, an increase of 18% over the prior year period. The installation of the additional secondary crusher was completed in November and commissioned in December with both cone crushers tested and operating in parallel. The Company used a temporary contractor aggregate crusher to supplement crushing capacity during 2025 due to high wear caused by the abrasive ore impacting the availability of the secondary crushing circuit. The Company plans to phase out the temporary aggregate crushing circuit over the first half of 2026. The additional secondary cone crusher is expected to increase overall crushing capacity, optimize the particle size entering the high pressure grinding rolls (HPGR) allowing for improved maintenance cycles on the dry side, as well as the particle size entering the ball mill which has the potential to increase capacity in the wet side of the plant.

• Head grade for the fourth quarter was a record 1.44 g/t as a result of the combination of higher grade direct feed ore, a low strip ratio over the quarter and stockpiling of lower grade ore. Recoveries in the plant averaged a record 94% in the quarter. The reconciliation between the reserve models, grade control models, mill feed and production continues to be in line with expected tolerances.

• Revenue and cost of sales for the year are recognized at 70% in accordance with IAMGOLD's ownership interest.

• Production costs were $80.5 million and $286.7 million during the three and twelve months ended December 31, 2025, respectively. As outlined below, mining and milling per tonne unit costs continue to be elevated in part due to the ongoing reliance on the contractor aggregate crushing described above.

• Mining costs averaged $4.72 and $4.20 per tonne mined during the three and twelve months ended December 31, 2025, respectively. Mining costs in the fourth quarter continued to be impacted by the contractor aggregate crushing that increased rehandling and utilization of haul trucks. The impact is expected to reduce in 2026 as the contractor aggregate is phased out over the first half of 2026. Additional improvements to mining cost per tonne are expected through various measures including the continued transition to bulk mining, the improvement of the expected average life on haul truck tires and improving drilling practices to reduce the amount of redrilling required.

• Milling costs were $20.91 and $20.00 per tonne milled during the three and twelve months ended December 31, 2025, respectively. Unit costs remained higher in the fourth quarter as the temporary aggregate crusher was used extensively during the integration and commissioning of the additional secondary crusher. Milling costs were also higher due to the expensing of certain capital spares in 2025 as the life of the spares is expected to be less than a year until the benefits from the installation of the second secondary crusher are realized. Unit costs are expected to decline over the course of 2026 as the contractor aggregate crushing is phased out over the first half of the year.

• G&A costs were $7.62 and $6.97 per tonne milled during the three and twelve months ended December 31, 2025, respectively.

• Cost of sales, excluding depreciation, during the three and twelve months ended December 31, 2025, totaled $111.7 million and $360.8 million, respectively. Cost of sales per ounce sold, excluding depreciation, for the three and twelve months ended December 31, 2025, was $1,271 and $1,272, respectively.

• Cash costs, excluding royalties, during the three and twelve months ended December 31, 2025, totaled $83.3 million and $289.1 million, respectively, and cash cost per ounce sold, excluding royalties, was $949 and $1,020, respectively.

• Royalties during the three and twelve months ended December 31, 2025, were $27.8 million or $316 per ounce (25% of cash cost) and $70.5 million or $248 per ounce (20% of cash cost), respectively.

• Cash costs during the three and twelve months ended December 31, 2025, totaled $111.1 million and $359.6 million, respectively, and cash cost per ounce sold was $1,265 and $1,268, respectively.

• AISC during the three and twelve months ended December 31, 2025, was $1,688 and $1,636 per ounce sold, respectively.

• Capital expenditures, on a 100% and incurred basis, totaled $51.7 million in the fourth quarter 2025. Sustaining capital expenditures totaled $43.7 million ($30.7 million | 70%), including $29.2 million of capital projects related to operational improvements and ramp-up, $10.2 million of mobile equipment and critical spares, $2.3 million of other capital projects and $2.0 million of tailings infrastructure and related earthworks. Expansion capital of $8.0 million ($5.7 million | 70%) was primarily associated with the installation and commissioning of the additional secondary cone crusher completed during the fourth quarter of this year.

• Capital expenditures for the year, on a 100% and incurred basis, totaled $181.6 million. Sustaining capital expenditures totaled $148.0 million, ($103.8 million | 70%), including $46.0 million of capital projects related to operational improvements and ramp-up, $37.4 million of tailings expansion and related earthworks, $36.9 million of mobile equipment and critical spares, $21.1 million of capitalized stripping, and $6.6 million of other capital projects. Expansion capital of $33.6 million ($23.7 million | 70%) was primarily associated with the installation and commissioning of the additional secondary cone crusher during the fourth quarter of this year.

• Mine-site free cash flow was a record $197.0 million on an attributable basis for the three months ended December 31, 2025, on the strength of record revenues of $370.4 million with gold sales of 87,700 ounces at the realized gold price of $4,212 per ounce, resulting in operating cash flows of $241.8 million offset by capital expenditures totaling $44.8 million. For the year, mine-site free cash flow was $484.1 million on an attributable basis, with revenues of $1,014.4 million from the sale of 283,600 ounces at a realized gold price of $3,572 per ounce, resulting in operating cash flows of $606.8 million offset by capital expenditures totaling $122.7 million.

Côté Gold attributable production in 2026 is expected to be in the range of 270,000 to 310,000 ounces (390,000 to 440,000 ounces | 100%). The focus in 2026, now that the plant is operating at nameplate throughput, is on stabilization and optimization, improving the cost structure and preparing for the contemplated expansion of Côte. Short to medium term capital investment is planned to improve the operating efficiency and cost structure while also systematically investing in the expansion to derisk the larger build.

Mining activities in 2026 are planning a total of approximately 52 million tonnes of material mined. This includes a large pushback to open up the pit to improve mine efficiency and prepare for the contemplated expansion. Mill throughput is expected to average 36,000 tpd (nameplate) over the course of the year after the successful installation of the additional secondary crusher in the fourth quarter 2025. Plant head grades are expected to average between 1.00 g/t and 1.10 g/t. Gold production is expected to be higher in the second half of the year based on expected lower grades in the first half of the year followed by higher grades in the second half - as determined by the scheduled mine sequence.

Cash costs, excluding royalties, at Côté Gold are expected to be in the range of $900 to $1,050 per ounce sold, and including royalties (assuming a $4,000 per ounce gold price) in the range of $1,200 to $1,350 per ounce sold. AISC is expected to be in the range of $1,775 to $1,925 per ounce sold.

Sustaining capital expenditures guidance for Côté Gold is approximately $160 million ±5% ($230 million | 100%) that includes $50 million ($70 million | 100%) of non-recurring capital to improve the operating efficiency and the long-term operating cost structure.

Expansion capital of $85 million ±5% ($120 million | 100%) mainly relates to the planned strategic pit pushback that will provide both operational flexibility in the near term and optionality for the expansion, as well as the acceleration of certain expansion related plant construction activities, including an additional Vertimill in early 2027.

The Gosselin zone is located immediately to the northeast of the Côté zone. Following the completion of the expansion and delineation diamond drilling program in 2024, the 2025 drilling plan was to continue with diamond drilling activities aimed at increasing the confidence in the existing resource and converting a large part of the Inferred Resource to the Indicated Resource category. A total of 45,000 metres was planned initially but this program was increased to approximately 53,750 metres for the year. Approximately 3,600 metres were completed in the fourth quarter 2025. In addition, approximately 5,550 metres tested the area to the north-east of the Gosselin zone.

The results of the Gosselin exploration program will be included in an updated Mineral Reserves and Mineral Resources estimate in the second quarter 2026 and will inform the planned updated technical report which will consider a larger scale Côté Gold Mine with a conceptual mine plan targeting both the Côté and Gosselin zones over the life of mine. This updated technical report is expected to be completed by the end of 2026.

An infill drilling program of 20,000 metres was planned on the Côté zone which was initiated in the second quarter of 2025. Approximately 1,350 metres were completed in the fourth quarter 2025, for approximately 20,650 metres for the year. This infill drilling program was planned to improve resource confidence within the northeastern extension of the Côté deposit and convert Inferred Resources into the Indicated Resources category.

Mineral Reserves decreased 301,000 ounces from the prior year period as updated estimates partially offset depletion (based on 10.9 Mt at 1.22 g/t for contained ounces of 428,100 ounces at 100% interest). The Côté Gold Mineral Reserve block model will be updated this year resulting in an updated mine plan incorporating both Côté and Gosselin.

Côté Gold (Côté and Gosselin) Measured & Indicated Mineral Resources, inclusive of Mineral Reserves and on a 100% basis, increased 12%, or approximately 2.0 million ounces, to an estimated 18.2 million ounces (12.7 million ounces attributable) as of December 31, 2025. Inferred Mineral Resources decreased approximately 2.0 million ounces to 2.2 million ounces.

The 2025 drilling plan at Côté and Gosselin prioritized increasing the confidence in the existing resource and converting a large part of the Inferred Resource to the Indicated Resource category. The program was increased to approximately 53,750 metres for the year at Gosselin. The results of the Gosselin drilling program will inform the planned updated technical report which will consider a larger scale Côté Gold Mine with a mine plan targeting both the Côté and Gosselin zones over the life of mine. (See "Mineral Resources and Reserves")

On December 19, 2022, the Company announced it had entered into the JV Funding and Amending Agreement with SMM, whereby SMM contributed the Company's funding obligations to the Côté Gold UJV and as a result, the Company transferred 9.7% of its interest in Côté Gold to SMM with a right to repurchase these transferred interests to return to its full 70% interest in the Côté Gold Mine.

On November 30, 2024, the Company exercised its right to repurchase the 9.7% interest in Côté Gold returning IAMGOLD to its full 70% interest in Côté Gold.

The Westwood Complex is located 35 kilometres northeast of Rouyn-Noranda and 80 kilometres west of Val d'Or in southwestern Québec, Canada. The Westwood Complex includes the Westwood underground mine and the Grand Duc open pit mine.

2. Average realized gold price excludes the impact of gold delivered into prepayment arrangements.

3. As per note 35 of the consolidated financial statements for revenues and cost of sales. Cost of sales is net of depreciation expense.

4. Included in 2024 net earnings from operations is a $455.5 million gain on the reversal of the previously recorded impairment of the Westwood CGU.

5. Cost of sales, cash costs excluding royalties, cash costs and AISC per ounce sold may not be calculated based on amounts presented in this table due to rounding.

6. Includes non-cash ore stockpile and finished goods inventories NRV write-down of $3.2 million in 2023, which had an impact on cost of sales, excluding depreciation, per ounce sold of $36 for 2023).

• Production was 113,900 ounces for the full year, below the bottom end of the guidance range of 125,000 to 140,000 ounces, due to lower grade stopes being mined earlier in the year after changes in the mine sequence to accommodate challenging ground conditions, combined with higher than expected underground dilution and lower mining recovery in certain areas.

• Production in the fourth quarter 2025 was 37,900 ounces, higher by 3,300 ounces or 10% compared with the same prior year period, a record level since the mine restarted in the second half of 2021. The fourth quarter included higher grade stopes which had been re-sequenced earlier in 2025 as described above.

• Mining activity for the year totaled 1.4 million tonnes of ore, an increase over the prior year of 0.4 million tonnes or 36% due to increased tonnes from both the underground mine and open pit. Mining activity in the fourth quarter 2025 of 279,000 tonnes of ore was lower by 102,000 tonnes or 27% than the same prior year period, primarily due to decreased volumes at the Grand Duc open pit. Underground mining activities in the fourth quarter averaged 1,139 tpd, translating to 105,000 tonnes in the quarter, a record volume from underground since the mine restart, with an average underground mined grade of 9.87 g/t Au.

• Mill throughput for the year was 1.2 million tonnes at an average head grade of 3.32 g/t, 4% higher and 18% lower, respectively, than the prior year. The lower head grades are due to a decrease in the grade from the underground mine as described above. Mill throughput in the fourth quarter 2025 was 299,000 tonnes, at an average grade of 4.21 g/t, 12% higher and 3% lower than the same prior year period, respectively.

• The mill achieved recoveries of 93% in the fourth quarter 2025, in line with the same prior year period.

• A renewed Collective Bargaining Agreement was ratified in the quarter extending through November 2030.

• Production costs of $45.1 million were higher by $6.1 million or 16% than the same prior year period, due to increased underground mining activities. Underground mining costs per tonne mined were $264.72, the lowest level for the year due to the higher volumes mined. Mining costs included in production costs were higher due to an increased proportion of development activities in the fourth quarter supporting extraction and stope preparation activities relative to the same prior year period where there was a higher proportion of capital development activities, alongside an increase in the consumption of tires, explosives and related ground support components. Maintenance costs, increased over the fourth quarter 2025, continued in line with the year-to-date run rate as the mine continues to transition certain maintenance activities in house.

• Cost of sales, excluding depreciation, of $48.5 million was higher by $6.2 million or 15% compared to the same prior year period due to higher production costs. Cost of sales per ounce sold, excluding depreciation, of $1,307, was higher by $152 or 13% as a result, with sales volume in line with the same year prior period.

• Cash costs of $47.8 million were higher by $5.6 million or 13% compared to the prior year period. Cash costs per ounce sold of $1,288 were higher by $140 per ounce or 12%, due to the increase in production costs, with sales volume in line with the same year prior period.

• AISC per ounce sold of $1,719 was higher by $31 per ounce or 2%, primarily due to higher cash costs, partially offset by lower sustaining capital spend, with sales volume in line with the same year prior period.

• Sustaining capital expenditures of $15.1 million included mill and mobile equipment of $6.3 million, underground development and rehabilitation of $5.9 million, capitalized stripping at Grand Duc of $2.0 million, and other sustaining capital projects of $0.9 million. During the fourth quarter a work program commenced on the adjacent Eastwood deposit, with $1.5 million incurred in the period, to support the study of options to expand the mine in the eastern parts of Westwood underground that could be amenable to bulk mining.

• Mine-site free cash flow was $89.2 million for the three months ended December 31, 2025, based on the record revenues of $155.0 million with gold sales of 37,100 ounces at a realized gold price of $4,151 per ounce, generating operating cash flows of $106.1 million offset by capital expenditures totaling $16.9 million.

• Production costs of $177.3 million were higher by $22.0 million or 14%, primarily due to higher mining costs due to an increase in underground mining activity resulting in increased consumption of explosives, tires and related components for required ventilation and ground support, alongside increasing maintenance and labour costs. Milling cost increased due to the rental cost of a mobile ore crusher to support higher mill throughput, and increased cost of mill consumables.

• Cost of sales, excluding depreciation, of $175.7 million was higher by $18.2 million or 12%, primarily due to higher production costs. Cost of sales per ounce sold, excluding depreciation, of $1,547 was higher by $370 or 31%, primarily due to higher production costs and lower production and sales volumes.

• Cash costs of $173.8 million were higher by $17.5 million or 11%, primarily due to higher production costs. Cash costs per ounce sold of $1,530 were higher by $363 or 31%, primarily due to higher production costs and lower production and sales volumes.

• AISC per ounce sold of $2,117 was higher by $415 or 24%, primarily due to higher cash costs, partially offset by lower production and sales volumes.

• Sustaining capital expenditures of $63.9 million included mill and mobile equipment of $29.7 million, underground development and rehabilitation of $28.0 million, capitalized stripping at Grand Duc of $2.0 million, and other sustaining capital projects of $4.2 million.

• Mine-site free cash flow was $148.6 million for the twelve months ended December 31, 2025, with record revenues of $403.0 million with gold sales of 113,600 ounces at a realized gold price of $3,531 per ounce, resulting in operating cash flows of $214.1 million offset by capital expenditures totaling $65.5 million. This increase of $54.2 million compared to the prior year period is primarily attributed to $80.0 million in higher revenues due to the higher realized gold price, partially offset by lower production and sales.

Westwood production is expected to be in the range of 110,000 to 130,000 ounces in 2026. Underground mining is planned for between 900 to 1,000 tonnes per day and the Grand Duc open pit life has been extended into 2027 based on the improved economics in the current gold price environment. Mill throughput is expected to average 1.2 million tonnes in 2026 with blended head grades expected to average 3.44 g/t over the course of the year.

Cash costs at Westwood are expected to be in the range of $1,500 to $1,650 per ounce sold and AISC in the range of $1,950 to $2,100 per ounce sold.

Sustaining capital expenditures guidance is $55 million (±5%), primarily consisting of underground development in support of the mine plan, the continued renewal of the mobile fleet and fixed equipment, and certain asset integrity projects at the Westwood mill. Expansion capital of $30 million is primarily associated with development works to support the study of options to expand the mine in the eastern parts of Westwood underground that could be amenable to bulk mining. Additional extensions to the Grand Duc pit will also be investigated this year.

During the three and twelve months ended December 31, 2025, approximately 7,700 metres and 28,400 metres respectively, of underground diamond drilling (including approximately 1,600 metres for the year of geotechnical drilling) were completed to support the continued ramp-up of underground mining operations. The Company is investigating high priority underground targets which could offer potential additional sources of high-grade material.

Mineral Reserves from the underground increased 125,000 ounces and 20,000 ounces from the Grand Duc open pit, more than offsetting depletion, primarily as a result of the change in resource model and increased gold price assumption and reduction in the underground cut-off grade to 6.40 g/t Au (down from 6.82 g/t Au previously). (See "Mineral Resources and Reserves")

The Essakane District is located in north-eastern Burkina Faso, West Africa approximately 330 kilometres northeast of the capital, Ouagadougou. The Essakane District includes the Essakane mine and the surrounding mining lease and exploration concessions totaling approximately 600 square kilometres. Effective June 20, 2025, in accordance with the amended Burkina Faso Mining Code, the government of Burkina Faso increased its ownership interest in the Essakane mine from 10% to 15%. As a result, the Company's interest decreased thereafter from 90% to 85%.

Essakane Mine (IAMGOLD interest - 90% for H1 2025 and prior, 85% thereafter)

4. Average realized gold price excludes the impact of gold delivered into prepayment arrangements.

5. As per note 35 of the consolidated financial statements for revenues and cost of sales. Cost of sales is net of depreciation expense.

6. Includes contributions made by the Essakane mine to the development fund for local communities, equating to 1% of total revenues.

7. Cost of sales, cash costs excluding royalties, cash costs and AISC per ounce sold may not be calculated based on amounts presented in this table due to rounding.

• Essakane delivered full year production of 427,200 ounces on a 100% basis, exceeding the midpoint of the guidance range when expressed on a 100% basis; on an attributable basis Essakane produced 372,100 ounces that include the impact of the mid-year change in ownership from 90% to 85%. During the fourth quarter 2025, Essakane produced a record 138,100 ounces, or 117,300 ounces on an attributable basis, an increase of 37,600 ounces or 47% from the prior year period, due to higher head grades compared to the same prior year period.

• Mining for the year totaled 39.6 million tonnes, 7.3 million tonnes or 16% lower than the prior year period in line with the mine plan, and included ore mined totaling 11.9 million tonnes at an average grade of 1.25 g/t, an increase of 23% and decrease of 13%, respectively over the prior year. Mining in the fourth quarter 2025 totaled 9.4 million tonnes, lower by 3.0 million tonnes or 24% compared to the same prior year period and included ore mined totaling 4.1 million tonnes in the quarter at an average grade of 1.44 g/t, an increase of 90% and 26%, respectively over the same year prior period. The average grade of mined ore in the fourth quarter was the highest grade mined in the year as the mine sequences deeper into Phase 7.

• Mill throughput for the year totaled 12.6 million tonnes at an average head grade of 1.18 g/t, 4% higher and 11% lower than prior year levels, respectively. Mill throughput in the fourth quarter 2025 was 3.2 million tonnes at an average head grade of 1.50 g/t, 10% higher and 40% higher than the same prior year period, respectively.

• The mill achieved recoveries of 90% for the year, 2% higher than the prior year. Recoveries were 88% in the fourth quarter 2025, 1% higher than the same prior year period.

• The security situation in Burkina Faso continues to be a focus for the Company. Security-related incidents are still occurring in the country, and more broadly, the West African region, which pressure supply chains. The Company continues to take proactive measures to ensure the safety and security of in-country personnel and is constantly adjusting its protocols and activity levels at the site in response to the security environment. The Company continues to invest in the security and supply chain infrastructure in the region and at the mine site. It is also incurring additional costs to bring employees, contractors, supplies, and inventory to the mine. The situation has placed the Government of Burkina Faso under significant financial constraint due to the high cost of funding its initiatives to defend itself against militant attacks. See "Risks and Uncertainties".

• Essakane declared a record dividend of approximately $855 million in June 2025. This dividend represents the full distribution of past undistributed retained earnings up to and including 2024. IAMGOLD's 85% portion of the dividend, net of taxes, is approximately $680 million at a foreign exchange rate of EUR/USD 1.15. See "Financial Condition - Dividend Payments from Essakane".

• On April 7, 2025, the Government of Burkina Faso enacted an update to the royalty decree increasing the minimum royalty rate applicable to gold prices above $3,000/oz to 8%, with the rate increasing by an additional 1% for each $500/oz thereafter. The previous rate was 7% on all gold sold at or above $2,000/oz. The average royalty rate was 10.0% in the fourth quarter and 8.6% for the full year 2025, in addition to the contributions to the development fund for local communities equating to 1% of total revenues.

• Production costs of $131.1 million were higher by $9.2 million or 8%, primarily resulting from a higher proportion of mining costs being expensed, due to the lower strip ratio during the period due to the increased proportion of ore tonnes mined described above. Costs were also impacted by USD equivalent labour, contractor and facility costs, which have increased compared to the same prior year period due to the appreciation of the local XOF currency, which is pegged to the Euro.

• Cost of sales, excluding depreciation, of $198.0 million was higher by $58.3 million or 42%, primarily due to higher production costs and a 216% increase in royalties resulting from higher gold prices and the new royalty decree. Cost of sales per ounce sold, excluding depreciation, of $1,475 was lower by $29 per ounce or 2% primarily due to higher production and sales volumes due to higher average head grade in the quarter offsetting the impact of higher production costs and royalties. Royalties accounted for $460 per ounce, an increase of $250 per ounce.

• Cash costs, excluding royalties, of $135.7 million were higher by $15.8 million or 13%, primarily due to higher production costs. Cash costs per ounce sold, excluding royalties, of $1,011 per ounce were lower by $280 per ounce or 22%, primarily due to higher production and sales volumes offsetting the impact of higher production costs.

• Cash costs, including royalties, of $197.4 million were higher by $58.0 million or 42%, and total cash costs per ounce sold of $1,471 per ounce were lower by $30 or 2%.

• AISC per ounce sold of $1,674 was lower by $444 per ounce or 21% primarily due to lower sustaining capital expenditures and higher production and sales volumes, partially offset by higher production costs and royalties compared to the prior period.

• Total capitalized stripping of $4.2 million was lower by $28.9 million or 87%, as the mine fleet prioritized ore mining, resulting in lower overall waste tonnes mined in the period increasing the proportion of waste tonnes classified as operating waste consistent with the 2025 mine plan.

• Sustaining capital expenditures, excluding capitalized stripping, of $24.7 million included mobile and mill equipment of $13.3 million, capital spares of $4.9 million, tailings management of $2.8 million, resource development of $1.4 million, and other sustaining projects of $2.3 million.

• Mine-site free cash flow was $340.4 million for the three months ended December 31, 2025, with record revenues of $562.7 million with gold sales of 134,200 ounces at a realized gold price of $4,188 per ounce, resulting in operating cash flows of $367.2 million offset by capital expenditures totaling $26.8 million. This increase of $320.4 million compared to the same prior year period is primarily due to higher revenues from the higher realized gold price and higher production and sales volume, partially offset by higher production costs and royalty payments.

• Production costs of $544.7 million were higher by $86.4 million or 19% than the prior year period, primarily resulting from a higher proportion of mining costs being expensed, due to the lower overall waste tonnages mined reducing the lower strip ratio and amount of deferred stripping during the period. Costs were also impacted by higher maintenance costs and higher energy costs.

• Cost of sales, excluding depreciation, of $689.2 million was higher by $152.4 million or 28%, primarily due to higher production costs and a 67% increase in royalties resulting from the higher gold prices and new royalty decree. Cost of sales per ounce sold, excluding depreciation, of $1,640 was higher by $458 or 39%, primarily due to higher production costs and increased royalties as well as lower production and sales volumes. Royalties were $336 per ounce, an increase of $148 per ounce due to higher realized gold prices.

• Cash costs, excluding royalties, of $545.4 million were higher by $95.2 million or 21%, primarily due to the higher cost of sales. Cash costs per ounce sold, excluding royalties, of $1,300 were higher by $309 or 31%, primarily due to higher production costs as described above.

• Cash costs, including royalties, of $687.7 million were higher by $152.2 million or 28%, and total cash costs per ounce sold of $1,636 were higher by $457 or 39% than the prior year period.

• AISC per ounce sold of $1,888 was higher by $263 per ounce or 16%, primarily due to higher cash cost and lower production and sales volume, partially offset by lower sustaining capital expenditures.

• Total capitalized stripping of $32.5 million was lower by $93.6 million or 74%, as the mine fleet continued to prioritize ore mining in Phase 7 and sequencing through mining phases with higher life of phase strip ratios, resulting in a higher proportion of waste tonnes classified as operating waste consistent with the 2025 mine plan.

• Sustaining capital expenditures, excluding capitalized stripping, of $74.4 million included mobile and mill equipment of $23.7 million, capital spares of $20.0 million, tailings management of $10.6 million, resource development of $8.6 million, generator overhaul of $1.9 million and other sustaining projects of $9.6 million.

• Mine-site free cash flow was $566.3 million for the twelve months ended December 31, 2025, with record revenues of $1,489.5 million from the sale of 420,600 ounces at a realized gold price of $3,538 per ounce resulting in operating cash flows of $672.9 million offset by capital expenditures totaling $106.6 million. This increase of $315.8 million compared to the prior year period is primarily due to higher revenues from the higher realized gold price, partially offset by lower production and sales and higher production costs of $86.4 million described above, $57.0 million in higher royalty payments in the year and higher cash tax payments of $66.5 million due to higher taxation based on higher profits in 2024.

Essakane attributable production is expected to be in the range of 340,000 to 380,000 ounces (400,000 to 440,000 ounces | 100%). Mining activities will predominantly target Phase 6 and 7 and the Lao pit that is adjacent to the Essakane Main Zone, with an estimated target of 42 to 43 million tonnes of material mined at a strip ratio between 2.5 to 3:1. Mill throughput is expected to total near 13 million tonnes with head grades averaging 1.10 g/t Au.

Cash costs, excluding royalties, are expected to be in the range of $1,150 to $1,300 per ounce sold, and including royalties, in the range of $1,600 to $1,750. AISC is expected to be in the range of $2,000 to $2,150 per ounce sold. Costs at Essakane are impacted by the Burkinabe royalty structure described above which are uncapped and tied to gold prices.

Sustaining capital expenditures guidance is approximately $165 million (±5%), including approximately $90 million of capitalized waste stripping to progress Phase 6 and into the Lao pit, as well as the ongoing replacement of certain equipment to improve efficiency and maintenance costs at Essakane, and the annual tailings dam program. The capitalized waste stripping is higher than estimated in the December 2023 technical report due to inclusion of the Lao pit and extension of estimated mine life into 2029.

Continued security incidents or related concerns could have a material adverse impact on future operating performance. In response to the security situation noted above, the Company continues to actively work with authorities and suppliers to mitigate potential impacts and manage supply continuity, while also investing in additional infrastructure and supply inventory levels designed to secure operational continuity. See "Risks and Uncertainties."

During the three and twelve months ended December 31, 2025, approximately 3,800 metres and 40,300 metres respectively, of diamond and reverse circulation drilling were completed as part of a step-out and infill drilling program to extend known mineralization and improve resource confidence within selected areas of Essakane North, Essakane Main Zone and the Lao satellite deposit and southern extension. The deposits remain open along strike and at depth. Exploration activities on concessions surrounding the mine lease continue to be suspended due to regional security constraints.

Mineral Reserves decreased 640,000 ounces, primarily due to depletion (428,000 contained ounces milled) and geology model adjustments as mining activities continue to progress through the mine plan.

Essakane M&I Mineral Resources, inclusive of Mineral Reserves on a 100% basis (excluding Gossey), increased 11% to an estimated 4.4 million ounces (3.8 million ounces attributable) as of December 31, 2025, with a 50% increase in tonnes (to 150 Mt) offsetting a 26% decrease in grades (to 0.91 g/t Au, including stockpiles). The increase in tonnes and ounces underscores confidence in the potential for Essakane to extend its mine life within the fence beyond current guidance (last year Essakane processed 12.6 Mt of ore at an average head grade of 1.18 g/t Au). Inferred Mineral Resources (excluding Gossey) increased 20% from the year prior to an estimated 853,000 ounces at 1.10 g/t Au. (See "Mineral Resources and Reserves")

On December 19, 2025, and December 22, 2025, the Company acquired all of the issued and outstanding shares of each of Northern Superior and Orbec, respectively, by way of court-approved plan of arrangement for consideration of approximately $329.0 million and $14.2 million, respectively, in shares of the Company and cash. The combined assets, together the "Nelligan Mining Complex", consolidates the Chibougamau region with a dominant land position of approximately 134,000 hectares. The Northern Superior acquisition with the Philibert, Chevrier, Lac Surprise and Croteau¹projects together with the Orbec acquisition with the Muus project are combined with IAMGOLD's Nelligan and Monster Lake Projects. The newly combined assets, together, rank as one of the largest pre-production gold camps in Canada. The close proximity of the primary deposits to each other supports the conceptual vision of a central processing facility being fed from multiple ore sources within a 17-kilometre radius.

On February 17, 2026, the Company announced its updated Mineral Resources for the Nelligan Mining Complex. On a consolidated basis, the Nelligan Mining Complex reported a significant increase in Indicated and Inferred Mineral Resources. Indicated Resources increased 1.1 million ounces to a total of 4.3 million ounces at an average grade of 0.99 g/t Au. Inferred ounces increased 1.9 million ounces to a total of 7.5 million ounces at an average grade of 1.08 g/t Au. The Nelligan deposit reported an increase of 575,000 ounces in Indicated Mineral Resources, to a total of 3.7 million ounces at an average grade of 0.95 g/t. The increase was primarily a result of the infill program conducted last year to increase the confidence in ounces from Inferred Mineral Resources. At the time of the Northern Superior acquisition, disclosed estimates were 3.75 Moz Au Measured and Indicated Mineral Resources and 8.65 Moz Au Inferred Mineral Resources, which included Croteau. The Company opted to exclude the mineral resources previously associated with the Croteau property in its year-end update, resulting in the reported totals above. (See "Mineral Resources and Reserves")

IAMGOLD has budgeted approximately $24 million for exploration activities within the Nelligan Mining Complex for 2026. The goal of the program will be to conduct thorough testing of Philibert, expand Nelligan and continue to test Monster Lake at depth, all in support of a conceptual preliminary economic assessment in 2027. The Company is planning to test high priority targets within the region.

Subsequent to the year-end, the Company exercised the option to acquire the remaining 25% interest in the Philibert property held by SOQUEM for the payment totaling C$3.5 million, completing the consolidation of 100% of the Philibert property.

The Company holds a 100% interest in Nelligan located approximately 45 kilometres south of the Chapais Chibougamau area in Québec.

The diamond drilling program of 13,000 metres of expansion and delineation drilling planned for 2025 was increased by more than 3,000 metres and ended at the end of the third quarter. No additional drilling was completed in the fourth quarter 2025 and approximately 16,700 metres were drilled for the year.

On September 15, 2025, the Company provided an update on the 2025 drilling program with assay results confirming the extension of the mineralized zones of Nelligan deposit. Highlights included: 20.6 m at 1.93 g/t Au and 13.5 m at 2.17 g/t Au in hole NE-25-239, and 36.5 m at 3.03 g/t Au in hole NE-25-265 in Zone 36; 24.5 m at 3.24 g/t Au in drill hole NE-25-244, and 28.8 m at 1.00 g/t Au in drill hole NE-25-248 in the Renard Zone; and 21.0 m at 2.23 g/t Au in drill hole NE-25-244, and 7.5 m at 7.48 g/t Au and 34.5 m at 1.22 g/t Au in drill hole NE-25-256A (see news release dated September 15, 2025). The Megane Zone mineralization extends at depth but will require further drilling to delineate potential mineralized lenses to add to the current resources.

The Company holds a 100% interest in the Monster Lake Gold Project, which is located approximately 15 kilometres north of Nelligan in the Chapais Chibougamau area in Québec.

The 2025 diamond drilling program was initially planned for 17,000 metres and was slightly increased to approximately 17,600 metres, all of which were completed in the third quarter 2025. It tested exploration targets along the main Monster Lake Shear Zone structural corridor and known gold mineralized lateral and depth extensions.

1. At the time of the Northern Superior acquisition, disclosed estimates were 3.75 Moz Au Measured and Indicated Mineral Resources and 8.65 Moz Au Inferred Mineral Resources, which included Croteau. As at December 31, 2025, the Company opted to exclude the mineral resources previously associated with the Croteau property in its year end update, resulting in reported totals of 4.34 Moz Au Measured and Indicated Mineral Resources and 7.50 Moz Au Inferred Mineral Resources.

Drilling activities were pursued in other prospective target areas of the general sector.

On September 15, 2025, the Company also provided an update on this 2025 drilling program with assay results indicating the persistence of the high-grade veins in the general down-plunge of the Megane zone. Highlights included: 3.0 m at 12.66 g/t Au in drill hole ML-25-282, and 9.0 m at 23.4 g/t Au in drill hole ML-25-292 in the Megane Zone; and 4.9 m at 127.3 g/t Au in drill hole ML-25-283, and 2.2 m at 39.4 g/t Au in drill hole ML-25-287 in the Lower Shear Zone (see news release dated September 15, 2025).

The Anik Gold Project is owned at 75% by IAMGOLD after the Company elected to exercise its first option to acquire an undivided interest of 75% in the project in May 2025 pursuant to an option agreement signed on May 20, 2020, with Auriginal Metals, successor to Kintavar Exploration Inc. The project is contiguous with the Nelligan Gold project to the north and east. The Company holds an option to earn up to an 80% interest in the project by meeting certain commitments.

The 2025 diamond drilling program was initially planned for 1,800 metres and was slightly increased to approximately 2,100 metres, all of which was completed in the first quarter 2025, testing different target areas.

During the twelve months ended December 31, 2025, drilling activities on active projects and mine sites totaled approximately 194,000 metres. For additional information regarding the brownfield and greenfield exploration projects, see "Operations". The Company's exploration expenditures guidance for 2026 is $54 million.

1. Exploration projects - brownfield for the fourth quarter 2025 included near-mine exploration and resource development of $2.0 million (fourth quarter 2024 - $2.0 million) and $10.8 million for 2025 (2024 - $6.5 million, 2023 - $4.4 million), which are capitalized.

During the second quarter 2025, the Company completed a transaction with Summit Royalty Corporation affecting the sale of a portfolio of non-core royalty interests for aggregate cash proceeds of $10.0 million and 11.5 million shares in Summit Royalty. As part of the disposition, third party royalty holders exercised their Right of First Refusal and acquired certain interests for proceeds of $1.85 million.

The Company's capital allocation strategy is to maximize value through the allocation of internally generated cashflows to fund growth opportunities, return capital to its shareholders, and strengthen its balance sheet.

As at December 31, 2025, the Company had $421.9 million in cash and cash equivalents and net debt of $344.4 million. The Company has $200.0 million drawn on the Credit Facility and approximately $445.7 million remains available, resulting in liquidity at December 31, 2025 of approximately $868.6 million.

• $53.5 million (70% basis) was held by the Côté Gold UJV. The Côté Gold UJV requires its joint venture partners to fund, in advance, two months of future expenditures and cash calls are made at the beginning of each month, resulting in the month end cash balance approximating the following month's expenditure.

• $197.5 million was held by Essakane. The Company uses dividends and a shareholder account structure to repatriate funds from Essakane (see "Dividend Payments from Essakane" below).

Restricted cash totaled $71.0 million and relates to deposits required for environmental closure costs obligations related to Essakane and the Westwood division.

The Company's liquidity position and capital allocation decisions will be substantially determined by the success or failure of the Company's operations, the price of gold, currency exchange rates and the Company's ability to successfully repatriate dividends from Burkina Faso.

The Company's liquidity position, comprised of cash and cash equivalents, short-term investments, and availability under the Credit Facility, together with expected cash flows from operations, is expected to be sufficient to support the Company's normal operating requirements, capital commitments, and service the debt obligations as they become due. The Company's ability to draw down on the Credit Facility is dependent on its ability to meet net debt to EBITDA and interest ratio covenants.

Readers are encouraged to read the "Caution Regarding Forward Looking Statements" and the "Risk Factors" sections contained in the Company's 2025 Annual Information Form, which is available on SEDAR at www.sedarplus.ca and the "Caution Regarding Forward Looking Statements" and "Risk and Uncertainties" section of this MD&A.

Excess cash at Essakane is repatriated through dividend and shareholder account payments, of which the Company will receive its share based on its ownership, net of withholding taxes. The shareholder account structure functions like an inter-company loan and allows for the Company's portion of the dividend to be repaid using cash in excess of working capital requirements and aligns the interests of both IAMGOLD and the Government of Burkina Faso, including a preference for increased and/or more regular cash flow movements from Essakane.

Essakane declared a record dividend of approximately $855 million in June 2025. This dividend represents the full distribution of past undistributed retained earnings up to and including 2024. IAMGOLD's 85% portion of the dividend, net of taxes, is approximately $680.7 million at an EUR/USD exchange rate of 1.15. IAMGOLD received $291 million of dividend payments, shareholder account payments and interest up to December 31, 2025, and the remaining balance of $408 million at December 31, 2025, is expected to be fully paid over the next 6 to 12 months. Subsequent to year end, additional payments of $171 million of shareholder account payments were received.

The dividend and shareholder loan are denominated in XOF which is pegged to the Euro. The timing of the repayment of the shareholder account is dependent upon the gold price, financial performance of Essakane, currency exchange rates and potential receipt of any value added tax ("VAT") balances owed to Essakane. See "Risks and Uncertainties".

During the fourth quarter 2025, the Company repurchased and cancelled approximately 3 million shares for approximately $50 million at an average price of $16.87 per share through its share buyback program under a normal course issuer bid ("NCIB") that was approved by the Company's Board of Directors and the TSX. The approval allows for the purchase of up to 57,000,000 of its common shares over a twelve-month period, representing approximately 9.92% of IAMGOLD's public float as at November 30, 2025, through the facilities of the TSX, the NYSE, or any other eligible Canadian alternative trading system on which the common shares are listed. All common shares purchased under the NCIB will be either cancelled or placed under trust to satisfy future obligations under the Company's share incentive plan. This initiative reflects management's confidence in the Company's long-term value and its commitment to disciplined capital allocation. The program is expected to continue to be funded from operating cash flows.

The Company has established an automatic share purchase plan in connection with its NCIB to facilitate the purchase of common shares during times when IAMGOLD would ordinarily not be permitted to purchase common shares due to regulatory restrictions or self-imposed black-out periods. Before entering a black-out period, IAMGOLD may, but is not required to, instruct the broker to make purchases under the NCIB based on parameters set by IAMGOLD in accordance with the automatic share purchase plan, applicable securities laws and stock exchange rules. The actual number of common shares that may be purchased, if any, and the timing of such purchases, will be determined by the Company based on a number of factors, including the Company's financial performance, the availability of cash flows, and the consideration of other uses of cash, including capital investment opportunities, returns to shareholders, and debt reduction.

The following sets out the changes in cash balance from September 30, 2025, to December 31, 2025, and December 31, 2024, to December 31, 2025:

Current assets as at December 31, 2025, were $903.7 million, an increase of $235.4 million compared with December 31, 2024. The increase was due to higher inventories of $105.1 million, higher cash and cash equivalents of $74.4 million, higher receivables and other current assets of $30.7 million and assets classified as held for sale in 2025 of $25.2 million.

Current liabilities as at December 31, 2025, were $517.1 million, down $33.5 million compared with December 31, 2024. The decrease was primarily due to the $151.1 million reduction in the current portion of deferred revenue, a $27.7 million decrease in the current portion of other liabilities, and a decrease of $5.9 million in current portion of lease liabilities and provisions, partially offset by increased accounts payable and accrued liabilities of $64.3 million, an accrual of $50 million for the automatic share purchase plan for the period of January 1 to February 20, 2026, and an increase in income tax payable of $36.9 million.

Net cash flow from operating activities for the fourth quarter 2025 was $701.7 million, higher by $599.1 million compared to the same prior year period, primarily due to:

• Higher cash earnings of $514.0 million due to higher realized gold price and an increased sales volume,

• Net impact of $64.4 million from the deferred revenue recognized in prior year period,

• A decrease in receivables and other items of $38.3 million that includes the impact of VAT received in Burkina Faso,

• An increase in trade and other payables of $13.5 million relative to the prior year period, and

• A net increase in inventories of $16.5 million, primarily due to an increase in the value of supplies inventory at the operations relative to the prior year period,

• Higher disbursements related to asset retirement obligations of $1.5 million.

For the year, net cash flow from operating activities was $1,142.6 million, higher by $656.6 million compared to the same prior year period, primarily due to:

• Higher cash earnings of $768.7 million due to higher realized gold price and an increased sales volume,

• An increase in trade and other payables of $73.9 million due to the timing of supplier invoices, and

• Net reductions in receivables and other items of $34.0 million, including the impact of VAT received in Burkina Faso, Offset by:

• A net increase in inventories of $54.4 million primarily due to an increase in supplies inventory at the operations relative to the prior year period,

• Higher disbursements related to asset retirement obligations of $11.6 million.

Net cash used in investing activities for the fourth quarter 2025 was $158.1 million, a decrease of $55.6 million from the same prior year period, primarily due to:

• Net cash proceeds of $35.5 million received from the sale of Karita and related assets in the prior year period,

• Cash component of acquisition costs for Northern and Orbec of $30.8 million, and

• Securitization of the Essakane VAT receivable into Government of Burkina Faso Bonds and other investing activities of $29.0 million than the same year prior period,

• A decrease in capital expenditures for property, plant and equipment of $32.8 million, mainly due to lower capitalized waste stripping in the period, and

For the year, net cash used in investing activities was $378.3 million, lower by $204.1 million from the same prior year period, primarily due to:

• A decrease in capital expenditures for property, plant and equipment of $264.5 million, mainly due to the completion of the Côté Gold construction phase in 2024,

• $6.4 million lower in proceeds from the sale of marketable securities, other royalty interests and other dispositions.

• Net cash proceeds of $35.2 million received from the sale of Karita and related assets in the prior year period,

• Cash component of acquisition costs for Northern Superior and Orbec of $30.7 million,

• Securitization of the Essakane VAT receivable into Government of Burkina Faso Bonds and other investments of $25.9 million, and

• A one-time payment of $18.2 million arising from the closing of the Yatela asset in the current period.

Net cash used in financing activities for the fourth quarter 2025 was $433.3 million, a decrease of $238.4 million from the same prior year period, primarily due to:

• A repurchase of $50.0 million of common shares in the fourth quarter 2025, and

• A repayment of $50.0 million on the Credit Facility in the fourth quarter 2025, compared to a $220 million draw in fourth quarter 2024,

• The repurchase of $376.9 million of transferred interest in 2024 from SMM, and

For the year, net cash used in financing activities was $709.4 million, higher by $792.7 million from the same prior year period, primarily due to:

• The net proceeds of $283.6 million received in the same prior year period from the issuance of shares,

• A net reduction of the credit facility of $20.0 million in 2025, compared to a $220 million draw in 2024,

• A $110.3 million increase to the dividend paid to the Government of Burkina Faso compared to the same prior year period,

• The receipt of $44.4 million in proceeds received through the SMM funding arrangement in 2024, and

• Higher net reduction in lease principal and equipment loans of $7.3 million,

• The repurchase of $376.9 million of transferred interest in 2024 from SMM, and

The following table summarizes the carrying value of the Company's long-term debt:

1. Long-term debt does not include leases in place of $112.0 million as at December 31, 2025 (December 31, 2024 - $124.2 million, December 31, 2023 - $121.3 million).

1. Includes principal for the 5.75% senior notes and equipment loans and leases.

2. Excludes the amounts drawn on the Credit Facility, which can be repaid at any time prior to maturity in 2028.

The Company has a $650 million secured revolving Credit Facility, which was entered into in December 2017 and subsequently increased and extended by four years now maturing on December 20, 2028, in support of the Company's requirements for a senior revolving facility for its overall business.

The Credit Facility provides for an interest rate margin above the secured overnight financing rate (SOFR), banker's acceptance prime rate and base rate advances which vary, together with fees related thereto, according to the total net debt to EBITDA ratio of the Company. The Credit Facility is secured by certain of the Company's real assets, guarantees by certain of the Company's subsidiaries and pledges of shares of certain of the Company's subsidiaries. The key terms of the Credit Facility include certain limitations on incremental debt, certain restrictions on distributions and financial covenants, including net debt to EBITDA, Interest Coverage and a minimum liquidity requirement of $150 million. The Company was in compliance with its Credit Facility covenants as at December 31, 2025.

As at December 31, 2025, the Credit Facility was drawn in the amount of $200.0 million and the Company issued letters of credit under the Credit Facility in the amount of $3.9 million as a supplier payment guarantee and $0.4 million as guarantees for certain environmental indemnities to government agencies, with $445.7 million remaining available under the Credit Facility.

In September 2020, the Company completed the issuance of $450 million of senior notes at face value with an interest rate of 5.75% per annum (the "Notes"). The Notes are denominated in U.S. dollars and mature on October 15, 2028. The notes are callable at 100% of their face value. Interest is payable in arrears in equal semi-annual installments on April 15 and October 15 of each year, beginning on April 15, 2021, in the amount of approximately $12.9 million for each payment. The Notes are guaranteed by certain of the Company's subsidiaries.

In May 2023, the Company entered into a $400.0 million Term Loan. The Term Loan had a 3% original issue discount, bearing interest at a floating interest rate of either one month or three-month SOFR + 8.25% per annum. The Company repaid $100 million during the third quarter of 2025 and the balance of $300 million during the fourth quarter 2025. The early repayment included a 4% repayment penalty that amounted to $16 million. With the repayment completed, the Term Loan has been fully extinguished and is no longer in effect, including all associated covenants and obligations.

At December 31, 2025, the Company had lease obligations of $112.0 million at a weighted average borrowing rate of 7.25%.

On April 29, 2022, the Company, on behalf of the Côté Gold UJV, entered into a master lease agreement with Caterpillar Financial Services Limited for $125 million, which was subsequently amended to increase the facility to $175 million for the leasing of certain mobile equipment at Côté Gold. The final pieces of equipment were delivered during the first quarter 2025.

At December 31, 2025, the Company had an equipment loan with a carrying value of $1.0 million secured by certain mobile equipment, with an interest rate of 5.3% which matures in 2026. The equipment loan is carried at amortized cost on the consolidated balance sheet.

In December 2023 and April 2024, the Company entered into gold sale prepay arrangements and amendments to certain pre- existing prepay arrangements.

At June 30, 2025, the Company fulfilled all gold delivery obligations thereby concluding the gold prepay arrangements:

• 2024 Q1 Prepay Arrangements: In the first quarter 2024, the Company received an amount of $59.9 million at an effective gold price of $1,916 per ounce and was required to physically deliver 31,250 ounces of gold over the first quarter 2025 in equal monthly amounts.

• 2024 Q2 Prepay Arrangements: In the second quarter 2024, the Company received an amount of $59.4 million at an effective gold price of $1,900 per ounce with the requirement to physically deliver 31,250 ounces of gold over the second quarter 2025 in equal monthly amounts. The arrangement included a gold collar of $2,100 to $2,925 per ounce whereby the Company received cash payments at the time of delivery of the ounces, with the payment calculated as the difference between the spot price and $2,100 per ounce, capped at $2,925 per ounce. The Company received approximately $25.8 million in relation to the collar in the second quarter 2025.

• Amendment to pre-existing prepay arrangements: the Company deferred the delivery of 12,500 ounces that were previously scheduled for delivery in the first half of 2024 that were delivered in the first half of 2025.

As at December 31, 2025, the Company had (i) C$274.7 million ($200.3 million) of surety bonds, issued pursuant to arrangements with insurance companies, in support of environmental closure costs obligations related to the Westwood division and Côté Gold and (ii) C$32.1 million ($23.4 million) of performance bonds in support of certain obligations primarily related to the construction of fish habitat at Côté Gold.

As at December 31, 2025, there is no collateral required to be in place for surety and performance bonds, and the balance of $223.7 million remains uncollateralized.

During the third quarter 2025, the Company increased the bonds required by C$16.9 million ($12.2 million) and will be required to increase bonds required further by C$19.0 million ($13.6 million) cumulatively during the second and third quarter of 2026.

As at December 31, 2025, contractual obligations from operations with various maturities were approximately $1.2 billion, primarily comprising expected future contractual payments of long-term debt, including principal and interest, purchase obligations, capital expenditures obligations, asset retirement obligations and lease obligations, partially offset by cash collateralized letters of credit and restricted cash in support of environmental closure cost obligations for certain mines. The Company believes these obligations will be met through available cash resources and net cash from operating activities. The Company entered into derivative contracts for risk management purposes, which are not included in the contractual obligations.

1. Excludes the amounts drawn on the credit facility, which can be repaid at any time prior to maturity in 2028.

The Company seeks to manage its exposure to fluctuations in foreign exchange rates and commodity prices by entering into derivative financial instruments from time to time. The Company establishes trading agreements with counterparties under which there is no requirement to post any collateral or make any margin calls on derivatives. Counterparties cannot require settlement solely because of an adverse change in the fair value of a derivative.

The Company's functional currency is the U.S. dollar with revenues primarily denominated in U.S. dollars which creates currency exchange risk exposure primarily associated with its expenditures denominated in Canadian dollars and Euros (input costs). Separately, additional currency exchange rate risk exists on earnings distributions from Essakane where total notional amount of the distribution is effectively denominated in EUR and converted to USD upon payment. The total amount of the distribution fluctuates based on EUR/USD rates and is realized based on the timing of distribution payments

At December 31, 2025, the Company's outstanding foreign currency contracts were as follows:

1. Canadian dollar hedges exclude Canadian dollars on hand which functions as a natural hedge for the Company's Canadian dollar expenditures. USD/CAD hedges are CAD notional hedges.

2. The Company calculates the CAD hedge ratio based on future estimates of operating and capital expenditures such as its Canadian dollar operating and capital expenditures at Côté Gold, Westwood and its corporate office. Outstanding derivative contracts are allocated based on a specified allocation methodology.

3. Euro hedges are for the sale of EUR (purchase of USD) and are not a hedge of input costs.

4. The Company calculates the EUR hedge ratio based on the amount of the Essakane dividend distribution payable to the corporate office, including the portion of the 2024 dividend declared in June 2025 which is partially outstanding as an intercompany shareholder account.

The Company uses option structures to help mitigate the risk of fluctuations in the cost of energy, which is a major input in its ongoing mine-site operating costs.

At December 31, 2025, the Company's outstanding energy contracts were as follows:

1. The Company calculates hedge ratios based on future estimates of its fuel consumption for operating and capital activities at Côté Gold, Essakane and Westwood. Outstanding derivative contracts are allocated based on a specified allocation methodology.

The Company's primary source of revenue is gold that is denominated in U.S. dollars. To manage such risk, the Company may use various hedging strategies, including the use of put and call option contracts. Option contracts can also include put option contracts and call option contracts (collar structure), within a range of expiry dates and strike prices.

Gold prices remained highly volatile during the period, and this variability continued to impact the Company's operating and financial performance. Fluctuations in realized prices affected revenue, cash flow generation, and operating margins, in addition, the broader market's sensitivity to commodity price movements contributed to the increase in volatility in the Company's share price. Volatility in the gold price is expected to continue in the future which will continue to impact the Company's share price.

In the third quarter 2025, the Company purchased gold puts for the purpose of ensuring the timely payment of planned earnings distributions from the Essakane mine. The put purchase price is financed such that the cash outlay for the purchase price is aligned with the hedges' expiries occurring monthly in 2026. As the hedges are paid for with cash at the time of delivery, no call option was sold to finance the put purchase, and therefore the gold hedges allow unlimited participation in market spot gold prices above the put level (floor price).

The following table compares the market price of gold with the average price of gold:

2. No further deliveries are required. The Company delivered 75,000 ounces into the 2024 Prepay Arrangements in the first half of 2025 fully fulfilling the terms of the arrangements. See "Gold prepay arrangements" above.

The following table provides estimated cost per ounce sensitivities around certain inputs, excluding the impact of the Company's hedging program which can affect the Company's operating results, assuming guided 2026 production and costs levels:

1. This is a non-GAAP financial measure. See "Non-GAAP Financial Measures". Cash costs and AISC per ounce of gold sold consist of Côté Gold, Westwood and Essakane on an attributable basis of 70%, 100% and 85%, respectively.

The cost of sales and cash costs of the Company are impacted by the gold price linked payments and royalties at Côté Gold and Essakane. See "Outlook - Costs".

Compensation breakdown for key management personnel, comprising of the Company's directors and executive officers, is as follows:

1. Refer to note 25 of the consolidated financial statements for all outstanding equity awards.

In the third quarter 2024, net earnings from operations were higher due to the reversal of previous impairments in respect of the Westwood CGU, which includes the Doyon closed mine.

Revenues were $1,088.1 million in the fourth quarter 2025 from record sales volume of 259,000 ounces at an average realized gold price of $4,191 per ounce, higher by $618.2 million or 132% than the prior year period, due primarily to the $1,666 per ounce increase in the realized gold price and the continued ramp-up of gold sales volume at the Côté Gold mine.

Revenues for the year were $2,852.8 million from sales of 817,800 ounces at an average realized gold price of $3,482 per ounce, higher by $1,219.8 million or 75% than the prior year period, primarily due to the $1,152 per ounce increase in realized gold price and higher gold sales volume as the Côté Gold mine only commenced gold sales from the second quarter 2024, partially offset by lower sales volumes at Essakane and Westwood and the impact of gold deliveries into the prepay arrangements in the first half of 2025, including 31,000 ounces delivered at a collar price of $2,925 per ounce, 31,000 ounces delivered at a forward price of $1,916 per ounce and 13,000 ounces delivered at a forward price of $1,753 per ounce.

Cost of sales excluding depreciation was $358.2 million in the fourth quarter 2025, higher by $115.6 million or 48% than the prior year period, primarily due to the increase in gold sales volume resulting from the ramp-up of the Côté Gold mine, higher royalties at Côté and Essakane due to the higher gold price and higher cost of sales at the Essakane mine due to a combination of lower proportion of capitalized waste in the period, higher maintenance activities and the impact of an appreciation of the local XOF currency, which is pegged to the Euro, compared to the prior year period.

Cost of sales excluding depreciation for the year was $1,225.7 million, higher by $416.4 million or 51% than the prior year period, primarily due to the Côté Gold mine only commencing gold sales from the second quarter 2024, and the higher cost of sales at the Essakane mine due to a combination of lower proportion of capitalized waste in the period, higher maintenance activities and the impact of an appreciation of the local XOF currency, which is pegged to the Euro, compared to the prior year period.

Depreciation expense was $136.3 million in the fourth quarter 2025, higher by $39.9 million or 41% than the prior year period primarily due to the higher sales volume compared to the prior year period.

Depreciation expense for the year was $420.9 million, higher by $147.1 million or 54% than the prior year period primarily due to the Côté Gold mine commencing operations in the second quarter 2024, and the reversal of previous impairments for the Westwood mine complex in the third quarter of 2024, partially offset by lower production volumes at Essakane and Westwood and the amortization of deferred stripping assets at Essakane.

Exploration expense was $5.7 million in the fourth quarter 2025, in line with the prior year period.

Exploration expense for the year was $27.2 million, higher by $5.5 million or 25% than the prior year period due to increased exploration expenditures at Chibougamau District and Côté Gold.

General and administrative expense was $14.9 million in the fourth quarter 2025, lower by $0.4 million or 3% than the prior year period, due to $3.8 million in lower salaries and labour costs due to reductions in headcount at the corporate office over the past year, partially offset by $1.9 million higher legal and other administrative costs incurred in the period and $1.5 million in cloud- based software implementation costs.

General and administrative expense for the year was $58.4 million, higher by $9.5 million or 19% than the prior year period, due to $10.9 million in restructuring and other administrative costs incurred in the period, $2.5 million in cloud-based software implementation costs, and $1.8 million in higher share based compensation resulting from the rise in the Company's share price, partially offset by $5.7 million in lower salaries and labour costs due to reductions in headcount at the corporate office.

The Company is subject to tax in various jurisdictions, including Burkina Faso and Canada. There are a number of factors that can significantly impact the Company's effective tax rate, including the geographic distribution of income, varying rates in different jurisdictions, the non-recognition of tax assets, mining allowances, foreign currency exchange rate movements, changes in tax laws and the impact of specific transactions and assessments. Due to the number of factors that can potentially impact the effective tax rate and the sensitivity of the tax provision to these factors, it is expected that the Company's effective tax rate will fluctuate from one period to the next.

Income tax expense was $75.0 million in the fourth quarter 2025, higher by $40.7 million or 119% than the prior year period. It is comprised of a current income tax expense of $65.4 million and a deferred income tax expense of $9.6 million, higher than the prior year period for current income tax expense by $40.3 million or 161% and higher for deferred income tax expense by $0.4 million or 4%, respectively. The current income tax expense in the fourth quarter 2025 was higher primarily due to higher income in Essakane. The deferred income tax expense in the fourth quarter 2025 was higher primarily due to higher Canadian provincial mining taxes, offset by a deferred tax recovery in Essakane.

Income tax expense was $237.5 million for the year, higher by $108.1 million or 84% than the prior year period. It is comprised of a current income tax expense of $198.9 million and a deferred income tax expense of $38.6 million, higher than the prior year period for current income tax expense by $82.5 million or 71% and higher for deferred income tax expense by $25.6 million or 197%, respectively. The current income tax expense for the year was higher primarily due to higher income in Essakane as well as higher taxes related to the 2025 dividend declared by Essakane. The deferred income tax expense for the year was higher primarily due to higher Canadian provincial mining taxes, offset by a deferred tax recovery in Essakane.

DISCLOSURE CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES AND INTERNAL CONTROL OVER FINANCIAL REPORTING

The Company's disclosure controls and procedures are designed to provide reasonable assurance that all relevant information is communicated to senior management to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. An evaluation of the effectiveness of the Company's disclosure controls and procedures, as defined under the rules of the Canadian Securities Administration, was conducted as at December 31, 2025, under the supervision of the Company's Disclosure Committee and with the participation of management. Based on the results of that evaluation, the CEO and the CFO concluded that the Company's disclosure controls and procedures were effective as at December 31, 2025, providing reasonable assurance that the information required to be disclosed in the Company's annual filings, interim filings or other reports filed or submitted by it under securities legislation is recorded, processed, summarized and reported in accordance with securities legislation.

Internal control over financial reporting is designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of the Company's financial reporting and the preparation of consolidated financial statements in compliance with IFRS as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board ("IASB"). The Company's internal control over financial reporting includes policies and procedures that:

• pertain to the maintenance of records that accurately and fairly reflect the transactions of the Company;

• provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit the preparation of consolidated financial statements in accordance with IFRS as issued by the IASB;

• ensure the Company's receipts and expenditures are made only in accordance with authorization of management and the Company's directors; and

• provide reasonable assurance regarding the prevention or timely detection of unauthorized transactions that could have a material effect on the consolidated financial statements.

Following a restructuring of the Corporate office, the Company increased the scope of the functions managed by a third-party service provider regarding its Enterprise Resource Program (ERP) during the year. The Company implemented changes to its general information technology controls and processes related to the change, including additional manual controls during the transition period to augment the general information technology controls. There were no material changes in the Company's internal control over financial reporting during the period that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company's internal control over financial reporting.

An evaluation of the effectiveness of the Company's internal control over financial reporting, including an evaluation of material changes, that may have materially affected or are reasonably likely to have materially affected the internal control over financial reporting based on the criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission, was conducted as of December 31, 2025 by the Company's management, including the CEO and the CFO. Based on this evaluation, management, including the CEO and the CFO, has concluded that the Company's internal control over financial reporting was effective as of December 31, 2025.

The Company's management, including the CEO and the CFO, believe that any disclosure of controls and procedures and internal control over financial reporting, no matter how well designed, can have inherent limitations. Therefore, even those systems determined to be effective can provide only reasonable assurance that the objectives of the control system are met.

The Company's management makes judgments in its process of applying the Company's accounting policies in the preparation of its consolidated financial statements. In addition, the preparation of financial data requires that the Company's management make assumptions on, and estimates of effects of, uncertain future events on the carrying amounts of the Company's assets and liabilities at the end of the reporting period and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results may differ materially from those estimates as the estimation process is inherently uncertain. Estimates are reviewed on an ongoing basis based on historical experience and other factors that are considered to be relevant under the circumstances. Revisions to estimates and the resulting effects on the carrying amounts of the Company's assets and liabilities are accounted for prospectively. The critical judgments, estimates, and assumptions applied in the preparation of the Company's consolidated financial statements are reflected in note 3 of the Company's audited annual consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2025.

MINERAL RESOURCES AND MINERAL RESERVES as of December 31, 2025^{1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8}

2. In mining operations, Measured Mineral Resources and Indicated Mineral Resources that are not Mineral Reserves are considered uneconomic at the price used for Mineral Reserves estimations but are deemed to have a reasonable prospect of economic extraction.

3. See "Cautionary Note to U.S. Investors Regarding Disclosure of Mineral Reserves and Mineral Resources Estimates".

4. 2025 Mineral Reserves estimated as of December 31, 2025, using a gold price of $2,000 per ounce for Westwood (including Grand Duc) and Essakane; and $1,700 per ounce for Côté Gold.

5. 2025 Mineral Resources estimated as of December 31, 2025, using a gold price of: $2,500 per ounce for Essakane, Westwood (incl. Grand Duc), Nelligan, Monster Lake and Gossey; and $2,100/oz for Côté.

6. Diakha-Siribaya Mineral Resources are estimated at a gold price of $1,500 per ounce. The definitive agreement to sell the Diakha-Siribaya Gold Project in Mali to Managem S.A. expired on December 31, 2024, and was not extended. The Company is pursuing alternative options for the sale of this asset.

7. Philibert (75% with option to acquire 100% from SOQUEM for C$3.5M) and Chevrier were acquired with the closing of the Northern Superior transaction in December 2025. The Mineral Resources estimates for these assets are based on data as reported in the respective NI 43-101 Technical Reports. Chevrier Mineral Resources (including underground Inferred Resources)have been estimated as of September 23, 2022, using a $1,800/oz gold price and have been estimated in accordance with NI 43-101. Philibert Mineral Resources have been estimated as of September 22, 2023, using a $1,747/oz gold price and have been estimated in accordance with NI 43-101.

8. At the time of the Northern Superior acquisition, disclosed estimates were 3.75 Moz Au Measured and Indicated Mineral Resources and 8.65 Moz Au Inferred Mineral Resources, which included Croteau. The Company opted to exclude the mineral resources previously associated with the Croteau property in its year-end update, resulting in reported totals of 4.34 Moz Au Measured and Indicated Mineral Resources and 7.50 Moz Au Inferred Mineral Resources.

The technical and scientific information relating to exploration activities disclosed in this document was prepared under the supervision of and verified and reviewed by Marie-France Bugnon, P.Geo., Vice President, Exploration, IAMGOLD. Ms. Bugnon is a "qualified person" as defined in National Instrument 43-101 - Standards of Disclosure for Mineral Projects ("NI 43-101").

Christine Beausoleil, P.Geo. (Senior Director, Mining Geology, IAMGOLD Corporation), is the qualified person responsible for the review and approval of all mineral resource estimates contained herein, as at December 31, 2025. Adrienne Rispoli, P. Eng. (Senior Director, Mining and Integrated Planning, IAMGOLD Corporation), is the qualified person responsible for the review and approval of all mineral reserve estimates contained herein, as at December 31, 2025.

For the recently acquired Philibert and Chevrier properties (acquired on December 19, 2025), the mineral resource estimates provided in this statement are based on data as reported in the respective NI 43-101 Technical Reports. The qualified persons responsible for these estimates have consented under NI 43-101 to the incorporation of their data in this report. IAMGOLD has not revised or altered the original information provided for these properties. For Philibert, the qualified persons Mr. Merouane Rachidi, P.Geo., and Mr. Claude Duplessis, P.Eng.; for Chevrier, the qualified persons are Ms. Susan Lomas, P.Geo., Mr. André Liboiron, P.Geo. and Mr. Jonathan Lavoie, P.Eng.

The technical information has been included herein with the consent and prior review of the above noted qualified persons, who have verified the data disclosed, and data underlying the information or opinions contained herein.

Data verification involves data input and review by senior project geologists at site, scheduled weekly and monthly reporting to senior exploration management and the completion of project site visits by senior exploration management to review the status of ongoing project activities and data underlying reported results. All drilling results for exploration projects or supporting resource and reserve estimates referenced in this MD&A have been previously reported in news release disclosures either by the Company or the project operator as the case may be (see referenced news releases) and have been prepared in accordance with NI 43-101. The sampling and assay data from drilling programs are monitored through the implementation of a quality assurance - quality control (QA-QC) program designed to follow industry best practices. Drill core (HQ and NQ size) samples are selected by the project geologists and sawn in half with a diamond saw at the project site. Half of the core is typically retained at the site for reference purposes. Generally, sample intervals are 1.0 to 1.5 metres in length, and reverse circulation holes are sampled at 1.0 metre intervals at the drill rig. Samples are prepared and analyzed at site for the Company's producing mines and at accredited regional laboratories for the Company's exploration projects, using analysis techniques such as standard fire assay with a 50 gram charge, fire assay with gravimetric finish, or LeachWELL rapid cyanide leach with fire assay with a 50 gram charge.

CAUTIONARY NOTE TO U.S. INVESTORS REGARDING DISCLOSURE OF MINERAL RESERVE AND MINERAL RESOURCE ESTIMATES

Disclosure regarding the Company's mineral properties, including with respect to mineral reserve and mineral resource estimates, included in this report, was prepared in accordance with the Canadian securities administrators' NI 43-101.

The SEC disclosure requirements and policies for mining properties were amended in 2019 to more closely align with current industry and global regulatory practices and standards, including NI 43-101. However, foreign private issuers that file their annual report on Form 40-F with the SEC pursuant to the Multijurisdictional Disclosure System ("MJDS"), such as the Company, may use NI 43-101 rather than the SEC's disclosure requirements and are not required to provide disclosure under subpart 1300 of Regulation S-K when filing MJDS registration statements and annual reports. Accordingly, information contained in this report may not be comparable to similar information disclosed by US companies. If the Company ceases to be a foreign private issuer or loses its eligibility to file its annual report on Form 40-F pursuant to MJDS, then the Company will be subject to reporting pursuant to subpart 1300 of Regulation S-K, which differ from the requirements of NI 43-101. US investors are urged to consider closely the disclosure on technical terminology under the heading "Technical Information" in the Company's AIF filed with Canadian securities regulatory authorities at www.sedarplus.ca and filed under Form 40-F with the SEC at http://www.sec.gov incorporated by reference into this MD&A.

For a discussion of new accounting standards adopted and new accounting standards issued but not yet effective that may impact the Company, refer to note 3 of the Company's consolidated financial statements.

The Company is subject to various business, operational, geopolitical, security, market and financial risks that could materially adversely affect the Company's future business, operations and financial condition and could cause such future business, operational and financial condition to differ materially from the forward-looking statements and information contained in this MD&A and as described under the heading "Cautionary Statement On Forward-Looking Information".

Readers of this MD&A should consider the information included or incorporated by reference in this document and the Company's consolidated financial statements and related notes for the year ended December 31, 2025.

The inherently volatile nature of the Company's activities, the international geographies and emerging, undeveloped economies in which it operates mean that the Company's business, operations and financial condition are generally exposed to significant risk factors, known and unknown, stable and unstable, many of which are beyond its control. Managing these risks is a key component of the Company's business strategy and is supported by a risk management culture and an enterprise risk management ("ERM") system. The Company's view of risks is not static. An important component of the ERM approach is to identify evolving or emerging key risks, manage those risks and incorporate them into existing ERM assessment, measurement, monitoring and reporting processes. These practices are designed to ensure management is forward-looking in its assessment of risks. Identification of key risks occurs in the course of business activities, while pursuing approved strategies and as part of the execution of risk oversight responsibilities at the management and Board of Directors levels.

Readers are cautioned that no ERM framework or system, including that employed by the Company, can ensure that all risks to the Company, at any point in time, are accurately identified, assessed as to significance or impact, managed, effectively controlled or mitigated.

For a comprehensive discussion of the risk factors that may affect the Company, its business operations and financial performance, refer to the risk disclosure contained in the Company's latest annual information form ("AIF"), filed with Canadian securities regulatory authorities at www.sedarplus.ca and filed under Form 40-F with the United States Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") at www.sec.gov/edgar, and is hereby incorporated by reference into this MD&A.

The Company has included certain non-GAAP financial measures to supplement its consolidated financial statements, which are presented in accordance with IFRS, including the following:

• Underground mining cost per ore tonne mined, open pit net mining cost per operating tonne mined, milling cost per tonne milled, and G&A cost per tonne milled

• Cash costs excluding royalties, cash costs, cash costs per ounce sold, all in sustaining cost and all in sustaining cost per ounce sold

• Net earnings (loss) attributable to shareholders and adjusted net earnings (loss) attributable to shareholders

• Net cash from operating activities, before movements in working capital and non-current ore stockpiles

• Earnings before interest, income taxes, depreciation and amortization ("EBITDA")

The Company believes that, in addition to conventional financial measures prepared in accordance with IFRS, these non-GAAP financial measures will provide investors with an improved ability to evaluate the underlying performance of the Company. Non- GAAP financial measures do not have any standardized meaning prescribed by IFRS, may not be comparable to similar measures presented by other companies and should not be considered in isolation or as a substitute for measures of performance prepared in accordance with IFRS.

Average realized gold price per ounce sold is intended to enable management to understand the average realized price of gold sold in each reporting period after removing the impact of non-gold revenues and by-product credits, which, in the Company's case, are not significant, and to provide investors a clearer view of the Company's financial performance based on the average realized proceeds from gold sales in the reporting period.

1. Average realized gold price per ounce sold may not be calculated based on amounts presented in this table due to rounding.

2. Average realized gold price per ounce sold is calculated based on sales from the Company's Côté Gold mine at 70% and Westwood and Essakane mines at 100%.

3. Average realized gold price per ounce sold for 2025 includes 75,000 ounces at $2,305 per ounce as delivered into the 2024 Prepay Arrangements (Q4 2024 - 37,500 ounces at $2,031 per ounce, 2024 - 137,500 ounces at $2,012 per ounce as delivered in accordance with the 2022 Prepay Arrangement), 2023 - $nil. No deliveries were required in the fourth quarter 2025 as the delivery obligations were fulfilled in H1 2025.

Underground Mining Cost per Ore Tonne Mined, Open Pit Net Mining Cost per Operating Tonne Mined, Milling Cost per Tonne Milled, and G&A Cost per Tonne Milled

Underground mining cost per ore tonne mined and open pit net mining cost per operating tonne mined are defined as:

• Mining costs (as included in production costs), that exclude capitalized waste stripping for open pit mines, less changes in stockpile balances and non-production costs as these costs are not directly related to tonnes mined, divided by

Milling cost per tonne milled and general and administrative cost per tonne milled are defined as:

• Mill and general and administrative costs (as included in production costs), excluding selling costs and non-production costs as these costs are not directly related to tonnes milled, divided by

IAMGOLD believes these non-GAAP financial performance measures provide further transparency and assist analysts, investors and other stakeholders of the Company in assessing the performance of mining operations by eliminating the impact of varying production levels. Management is aware, and investors should note that these per tonne measures of performance can be affected by fluctuations in mining and/or processing levels. This inherent limitation may be partially mitigated by using this measure in conjunction with production costs and other data prepared in accordance with IFRS. These measures do not have standardized meanings under IFRS and may not be comparable to similar measures presented by other mining companies. They should not be considered in isolation or as a substitute for measures of performance prepared in accordance with IFRS.

$/tonne may not re-calculate based on amounts presented in this table due to rounding.

Cash Costs Excluding Royalties, Cash Costs, Cash Costs per Ounce Sold, AISC and AISC per Ounce Sold

The Company reports cash costs excluding royalties, cash costs excluding royalties per ounce sold, cash costs, cash costs per ounce sold, AISC and AISC per ounce sold in order to provide investors with information about key measures used by management to monitor performance of mine sites in commercial production and its ability to generate positive cash flow.

Cash costs include mine-site operating costs such as mining, processing, administration, royalties, production taxes and realized derivative gains or losses, exclusive of depreciation, reclamation, capital expenditures and exploration and evaluation costs. AISC include cost of sales exclusive of depreciation expense, sustaining capital expenditures, which are required to maintain existing operations, capitalized exploration, sustaining lease principal payments, environmental rehabilitation accretion and amortization, by-product credits and corporate general and administrative costs. These costs are then divided by the Company's attributable gold ounces sold by mine sites in commercial production in the period to arrive at the cash costs excluding royalties per ounce sold, cash costs per ounce sold, and the AISC per ounce sold.

The following tables provide a reconciliation of cash costs excluding royalties, cash costs, AISC, cost of sales excluding depreciation per ounce sold, cash costs excluding royalties per ounce sold, cash costs per ounce sold and AISC per ounce sold on an attributable basis to cost of sales as per the consolidated financial statements.

1. As per note 35 of the consolidated financial statements for cost of sales and depreciation expense.

2. Includes contributions made by the Essakane mine to the development fund for local communities equating to 1% of total revenues.

3. Adjustments for the consolidation of Essakane (85%) to its attributable portion of cost of sales.

4. Sustaining capital expenditures are expenditures required to support current production levels at a mine site. Sustaining capital expenditures are further described below.

5. Corporate general and administrative costs exclude one-time material severance charges.

6. Other costs include sustaining lease principal payments and environmental rehabilitation accretion and amortization, partially offset by by-product credits.

7. Cost of sales excluding depreciation per ounce sold, cash costs per ounce sold, and AISC per ounce sold may not be calculated based on amounts presented in this table due to rounding.

1. As per note 35 of the consolidated financial statements for cost of sales and depreciation expense.

2. Includes contributions made by the Essakane mine to the development fund for local communities equating to 1% of total revenues.

3. Adjustments for the consolidation of Essakane (90%) to its attributable portion of cost of sales.

4. Sustaining capital expenditures are expenditures required to support current production levels at a mine site. Sustaining capital expenditures are further described below.

5. Corporate general and administrative costs exclude depreciation expense and one-time material severance charges.

6. Other costs include sustaining lease principal payments and environmental rehabilitation accretion and amortization, partially offset by by-product credits.

7. Cost of sales excluding depreciation per ounce sold, cash costs per ounce sold, and AISC per ounce sold may not be calculated based on amounts presented in this table due to rounding.

1. As per note 35 of the consolidated financial statements for cost of sales and depreciation expense.

2. Includes contributions made by the Essakane mine to the development fund for local communities equating to 1% of total revenues.

3. Adjustments for the consolidation of Essakane to its attributable portion of cost of sales. The attributable portion was calculated based on IAMGOLD's 85% ownership following the June 20, 2025, decrease in IAMGOLD's ownership interest from 90%; accordingly, the attributable portion preceding the ownership change was calculated based on IAMGOLD's 90% interest.