Exhibit 5.1
| Our ref | JLH/696731-000001/32865472v2 |
SOS Limited
PO Box 309
Ugland House
Grand Cayman, KY1-1104
Cayman Islands
31 July 2025
Dear Sir or Madam
SOS Limited
We have acted as counsel as to Cayman Islands law to SOS Limited, an exempted company incorporated in the Cayman Islands with limited liability (the “Company”), in connection with the Company’s registration statement on Form F-3, as amended (file No. 333-285820) filed on 14 March 2025 with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended and declared effective by the SEC on 30 June 2025 (the “Registration Statement”) and the prospectus issued by the Company forming a part of the Registration Statement filed with the SEC on 14 March 2025 and the prospectus supplement issued by the Company dated 30 July 2025 (together, the “Prospectus”), relating to the offering by the Company (the “Offering”) of (i) up to 2,142,855 ADSs (the “Offered ADSs”), representing 321,428,250 Shares (the “Offering Shares”), and (ii) in a concurrent private placement, warrants (the “Warrants”) to purchase up to 4,285,710 ADSs, and up to 4,285,710 ADSs issuable upon exercise of the Warrants (the “Warrant ADSs”), representing 642,856,500 Shares (the “Warrant Shares”).
The American depositary shares (“ADSs”), representing Class A ordinary shares of par value US$0.005 each of the Company (“Shares”), shall be issued in accordance with a deposit agreement dated 4 May 2017, as amended by amendment No. 1 to deposit agreement, dated 3 December 2019, as further amended by amendment No. 2 to deposit agreement, dated 6 July 2022, and as further amended by amendment No. 3 to deposit agreement, dated 19 November 2024, made among the Company, Citibank, N.A. as the depositary (the “Depositary”) and all holders and beneficial owners of ADSs issued thereunder, as amended or varied (the “Deposit Agreement”).
We are furnishing this opinion as Exhibits 5.1 and 23.2 to the Registration Statement.
| 1 | Documents Reviewed |
We have reviewed originals, copies, drafts or conformed copies of the following documents:
| 1.1 | The Certificate of Registration By Way of Continuation dated 18 August 2015, the Certificate of Incorporation On Change of Name dated 18 August 2015, and the Certificate of Incorporation On Change of Name dated 20 July 2020. |
| 1.2 | The Sixth Amended and Restated Memorandum and Articles of Association of the Company as adopted by a special resolution of the Company dated 26 July 2021, as amended by ordinary resolutions of the shareholders passed on 1 May 2023 and 15 August 2024 (the “Memorandum and Articles”). |
| 1.3 | The written resolutions of the board of directors of the Company dated 30 July 2025 (the “Resolutions”). |
| 1.4 | A certificate from a director of the Company, a copy of which is attached hereto (the “Director’s Certificate”). |
| 1.5 | A certificate of good standing with respect to the Company issued by the Registrar of Companies dated 30 July 2025 (the “Certificate of Good Standing”). |
| 1.6 | The Registration Statement. |
| 1.7 | The Prospectus. |
| 1.8 | The transaction documents listed in the Schedule (the “Transaction Documents”). |
| 2 | Assumptions |
The following opinions are given only as to, and based on, circumstances and matters of fact existing and known to us on the date of this opinion letter. These opinions only relate to the laws of the Cayman Islands which are in force on the date of this opinion letter. In giving the following opinions, we have relied (without further verification) upon the completeness and accuracy, as at the date of this opinion letter, of the Director’s Certificate and the Certificate of Good Standing. We have also relied upon the following assumptions, which we have not independently verified:
| 2.1 | Copies of documents, conformed copies or drafts of documents provided to us are true and complete copies of, or in the final forms of, the originals. |
| 2.2 | All signatures, initials and seals are genuine. |
| 2.3 | The Transaction Documents have been or will be authorised and duly executed and unconditionally delivered by or on behalf of all relevant parties in accordance with all relevant laws (other than, with respect to the Company, the laws of the Cayman Islands). |
| 2.4 | The Transaction Documents are, or will be, legal, valid, binding and enforceable against all relevant parties in accordance with their terms under the laws of the State of New York and all other relevant laws (other than, with respect to the Company, the laws of the Cayman Islands). |
| 2.5 | The choice of the laws of the State of New York as the governing law of the Transaction Documents has been made in good faith and would be regarded as a valid and binding selection which will be upheld by the state and federal courts sitting in the City of New York, Borough of Manhattan and any other relevant jurisdiction (other than the Cayman Islands) as a matter of the laws of the State of New York and all other relevant laws (other than the laws of the Cayman Islands). |
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| 2.6 | The Company has, or will have, sufficient authorized but unissued Shares in its authorized share capital to enable the Company to issue the Offering Shares and the Warrant Shares upon exercise of the Warrants. |
| 2.7 | The Company will receive money or money’s worth in consideration for the issue of the Offering Shares and the Warrant Shares, and none of such Shares will be issued for less than their par value. |
| 2.8 | The capacity, power, authority and legal right of all parties under all relevant laws and regulations (other than, with respect to the Company, the laws and regulations of the Cayman Islands) to enter into, execute, unconditionally deliver and perform their respective obligations under the Transaction Documents. |
| 2.9 | There is no contractual or other prohibition or restriction (other than as arising under Cayman Islands law) binding on the Company prohibiting or restricting it from entering into and performing its obligations under the Transaction Documents. |
| 2.10 | No monies paid to or for the account of any party under the Transaction Documents or any property received or disposed of by any party to the Transaction Documents in each case in connection with the Transaction Documents or the consummation of the transactions contemplated thereby represent or will represent proceeds of criminal conduct or criminal property or terrorist property (as defined in the Proceeds of Crime Act (As Revised) and the Terrorism Act (As Revised), respectively). |
| 2.11 | At the time of the issue of the Shares underlying the Warrant ADSs resulting from exercise of the Warrants pursuant to the Transaction Documents (the “Warrant Exercise”): |
| (a) | the laws of the Cayman Islands (including the Companies Act (As Revised) (the “Companies Act”)) will not have changed in such way as to materially impact the issue of such Shares; |
| (b) | the Company will have sufficient authorised but unallotted and unissued Shares to issue such number of Shares; |
| (c) | the provisions of the Memorandum and Articles relating to the issue of such Shares will not have been altered, amended or restated; and |
| (d) | the Company will not have been struck off or placed in liquidation. |
| 2.12 | There is nothing contained in the minute book or corporate records of the Company (which, other than the records set out in paragraphs 1.1 to 1.3 of this opinion letter, we have not inspected) which would or might affect the opinions set out below. |
| 2.13 | There is nothing under any law (other than the laws of the Cayman Islands) which would or might affect the opinions set out below. Specifically, we have made no independent investigation of the laws of the State of New York. |
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| 3 | Opinions |
Based upon, and subject to, the foregoing assumptions and the qualifications set out below, and having regard to such legal considerations as we deem relevant, we are of the opinion that:
| 3.1 | The Company has been duly registered as an exempted company with limited liability and is validly existing and in good standing with the Registrar of Companies under the laws of the Cayman Islands. |
| 3.2 | The authorised share capital of the Company is US$50,000,000 divided into 10,000,000,000 ordinary shares of a par value of US$0.005 each, comprising of 9,000,000,000 Class A Ordinary Shares of a par value of US$0.005 each and 1,000,000,000 Class B Ordinary Shares of a par value of US$0.005 each. |
| 3.3 | The Company has all requisite power and authority under the Memorandum and Articles to enter into, execute and perform its obligations under the Transaction Documents, including the issue, offer and sale of: |
| (a) | the Offering ADSs, and the Offering Shares represented by the Offering ADSs; and |
| (b) | the Warrants, and upon the Warrant Exercise, the Warrant ADSs and the Warrant Shares represented by such Warrant ADSs. |
| 3.4 | The issue and allotment of (i) the Offering Shares and (ii) the Warrant Shares upon the Warrant Exercise, have been duly authorised and when allotted, issued and paid for as contemplated in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus, such Shares will be legally issued and allotted, fully paid and non-assessable. As a matter of Cayman law, a share is only issued when it has been entered in the register of members (shareholders). |
| 3.5 | The execution, issue, delivery and performance of the Warrants have been authorised by and on behalf of the Company and, upon the execution and unconditional delivery of the Warrants by an Authorized Person (as defined in the Resolutions) for and on behalf of the Company, the Warrants will have been duly executed, issued and delivered on behalf of the Company and will constitute the legal, valid and binding obligations of the Company enforceable in accordance with their terms. |
| 3.6 | The statements under the caption “Taxation” in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus, to the extent that they constitute statements of Cayman Islands law, are accurate in all material respects and that such statements constitute our opinion. |
| 4 | Qualifications |
The opinions expressed above are subject to the following qualifications:
| 4.1 | The obligations assumed by the Company under the Transaction Documents will not necessarily be enforceable in all circumstances in accordance with their terms. In particular: |
| (a) | enforcement may be limited by bankruptcy, insolvency, liquidation, reorganisation, readjustment of debts or moratorium or other laws of general application relating to, protecting or affecting the rights of creditors and/or contributories; |
| (b) | enforcement may be limited by general principles of equity. For example, equitable remedies such as specific performance may not be available, inter alia, where damages are considered to be an adequate remedy; |
| (c) | some claims may become barred under relevant statutes of limitation or may be or become subject to defences of set off, counterclaim, estoppel and similar defences; |
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| (d) | where obligations are to be performed in a jurisdiction outside the Cayman Islands, they may not be enforceable in the Cayman Islands to the extent that performance would be illegal under the laws of that jurisdiction; |
| (e) | the courts of the Cayman Islands have jurisdiction to give judgment in the currency of the relevant obligation and statutory rates of interest payable upon judgments will vary according to the currency of the judgment. If the Company becomes insolvent and is made subject to a liquidation proceeding, the courts of the Cayman Islands will require all debts to be proved in a common currency, which is likely to be the “functional currency” of the Company determined in accordance with applicable accounting principles. Currency indemnity provisions have not been tested, so far as we are aware, in the courts of the Cayman Islands; |
| (f) | arrangements that constitute penalties will not be enforceable; |
| (g) | enforcement may be prevented by reason of fraud, coercion, duress, undue influence, misrepresentation, public policy or mistake or limited by the doctrine of frustration of contracts; |
| (h) | provisions imposing confidentiality obligations may be overridden by compulsion of applicable law or the requirements of legal and/or regulatory process; |
| (i) | the courts of the Cayman Islands may decline to exercise jurisdiction in relation to substantive proceedings brought under or in relation to the Transaction Documents in matters where they determine that such proceedings may be tried in a more appropriate forum; |
| (j) | we reserve our opinion as to the enforceability of the relevant provisions of the Transaction Documents to the extent that they purport to grant exclusive jurisdiction as there may be circumstances in which the courts of the Cayman Islands would accept jurisdiction notwithstanding such provisions; |
| (k) | a company cannot, by agreement or in its articles of association, restrict the exercise of a statutory power and there is doubt as to the enforceability of any provision in the Transaction Documents whereby the Company covenants to restrict the exercise of powers specifically given to it under the Companies Act, including, without limitation, the power to increase its authorised share capital, amend its memorandum and articles of association or present a petition to a Cayman Islands court for an order to wind up the Company. |
| 4.2 | Applicable court fees will be payable in respect of the enforcement of the Transaction Documents. |
| 4.3 | To maintain the Company in good standing with the Registrar of Companies under the laws of the Cayman Islands, annual filing fees must be paid and returns made to the Registrar of Companies within the time frame prescribed by law. |
| 4.4 | The phrase “non-assessable” means, with respect to the Shares in the Company, that a shareholder shall not, solely by virtue of its status as a shareholder, be liable for additional assessments or calls on the Shares by the Company or its creditors (except in exceptional circumstances, such as involving fraud, the establishment of an agency relationship or an illegal or improper purpose or other circumstances in which a court may be prepared to pierce or lift the corporate veil). |
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| 4.5 | Reference in this opinion to a “deposit” of Shares pursuant to the Deposit Agreement means the allotment and issue to the Depositary (or its nominee or custodian) of the Shares by the Company, and the registration of the Depositary (or its nominee or custodian) in the register of members of the Company as the registered holder of such Shares, all for the purpose of enabling the Depositary to issue ADSs representing such Shares. |
| 4.6 | The obligations of the Company may be subject to restrictions pursuant to: |
| (a) | United Nations and United Kingdom sanctions extended to the Cayman Islands by Orders in Council; and |
| (b) | sanctions imposed by Cayman Islands authorities under Cayman Islands legislation. |
| 4.7 | We express no opinion as to the meaning, validity or effect of any references to foreign (i.e. non-Cayman Islands) statutes, rules, regulations, codes, judicial authority or any other promulgations and any references to them in the Transaction Documents. |
Except as specifically stated herein, we express no view as to the commercial terms of the Transaction Documents or whether such terms represent the intentions of the parties, and we make no comment with regard to warranties or representations that may be made by or with respect to the Company in any of the documents or instruments cited in this opinion or otherwise with respect to the commercial terms of the transactions, which are the subject of this opinion.
We hereby consent to the filing of this opinion as an exhibit to the Registration Statement and the Prospectus and to the reference to our name in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus. In giving such consent, we do not thereby admit that we come within the category of persons whose consent is required under Section 7 of the U.S. Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Rules and Regulations of the SEC thereunder.
Yours faithfully
Maples and Calder (Hong Kong) LLP
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Schedule
Transaction Documents
| 1. | The securities purchase agreement dated 30 July 2025 between the Company and the purchasers identified therein (the “Purchasers”). |
| 2. | The following Warrants issued by the Company to the Purchasers: |
| (i) | A warrant to purchase American Depositary Shares dated 31 July 2025 issued by the Company to Anson Investments Master Fund LP, in respect of up to 1,114,284 ADSs; |
| (ii) | A warrant to purchase American Depositary Shares dated 31 July 2025 issued by the Company to Anson East Master Fund LP, in respect of up to 314,286 ADSs; |
| (iii) | A warrant to purchase American Depositary Shares dated 31 July 2025 issued by the Company to L1 Capital Global Opportunities Master Fund, in respect of up to 1,428,570 ADSs; and |
| (iv) | A warrant to purchase American Depositary Shares dated 31 July 2025 issued by the Company to S.H.N Financial Investments Ltd, in respect of up to 1,428,570 ADSs. |
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