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Exhibit 23.1

CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

We consent to the incorporation by reference in this Registration Statement on Form S-8 of our report dated March 24, 2025, relating to the financial statements of Neurogene Inc., appearing in the Annual Report on Form 10-K of Neurogene Inc. for the year ended December 31, 2024.

/s/ Deloitte & Touche LLP

Seattle, Washington

March 24, 2025