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• | Our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021, filed with the SEC on February 24, 2022; |
• | Information specifically incorporated by reference in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020 from our definitive proxy statement on Schedule 14A filed with the SEC on April 23, 2021; |
• | Our Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on February 23, 2022; and |
• | The description of our common stock set forth in our registration statement on Form 8-A, filed with the SEC on March 20, 2014, as amended by the description of our common stock set forth in Exhibit 4.5 to our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021, including any further amendments thereto or reports filed for the purposes of updating this description. |
• | Declines in advertising and general economic conditions, including declines caused by the COVID-19 pandemic; |
• | The severity and duration of the COVID-19 pandemic and any other pandemics, and the impact on our business, financial condition and results of operations; |
• | Competition; |
• | Government regulation; |
• | Our ability to implement our digital display platform and deploy digital advertising displays to our transit franchise partners, including interruptions and reductions in demand caused by the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic; |
• | Losses and costs resulting from recalls and product liability, warranty and intellectual property claims; |
• | Our ability to obtain and renew key municipal contracts on favorable terms; |
• | Taxes, fees and registration requirements; |
• | Decreased government compensation for the removal of lawful billboards; |
• | Content-based restrictions on outdoor advertising; |
• | Seasonal variations; |
• | Acquisitions and other strategic transactions that we may pursue could have a negative effect on our results of operations; |
• | Dependence on our management team and other key employees; |
• | Diverse risks in our Canadian business; |
• | Experiencing a cybersecurity incident; |
• | Changes in regulations and consumer concerns regarding privacy, information security and data, or any failure or perceived failure to comply with these regulations or our internal policies; |
• | Asset impairment charges for our long-lived assets and goodwill; |
• | Environmental, health and safety laws and regulations; |
• | Our substantial indebtedness; |
• | Restrictions in the agreements governing our indebtedness; |
• | Incurrence of additional debt; |
• | Interest rate risk exposure from our variable-rate indebtedness; |
• | Our ability to generate cash to service our indebtedness; |
• | Cash available for distributions; |
• | Hedging transactions; |
• | The ability of our board of directors to cause us to issue additional shares of stock without common stockholder approval; |
• | Certain provisions of Maryland law may limit the ability of a third party to acquire control of us; |
• | Our rights and the rights of our stockholders to take action against our directors and officers are limited; |
• | Our failure to remain qualified to be taxed as a real estate investment trust (“REIT”); |
• | REIT distribution requirements; |
• | Availability of external sources of capital; |
• | We may face other tax liabilities even if we remain qualified to be taxed as a REIT; |
• | Complying with REIT requirements may cause us to liquidate investments or forgo otherwise attractive opportunities; |
• | Our ability to contribute certain contracts to a taxable REIT subsidiary (“TRS”); |
• | Our planned use of TRSs may cause us to fail to remain qualified to be taxed as a REIT; |
• | REIT ownership limits; |
• | Complying with REIT requirements may limit our ability to hedge effectively; |
• | Failure to meet the REIT income tests as a result of receiving non-qualifying income; |
• | The Internal Revenue Service (the “IRS”) may deem the gains from sales of our outdoor advertising assets to be subject to a 100% prohibited transaction tax; |
• | Establishing operating partnerships as part of our REIT structure; |
• | Tax treatment of exchange transactions; |
• | Differences between ownership of Class A Shares of the DownREIT and shares of our common stock; |
• | Volatile market price and trading volume; and |
• | Dilution following future sales of our common stock. |
• | actual or anticipated variations in our annual or quarterly results of operations, including our earnings estimates and whether we meet market expectations with regard to our earnings; |
• | actual or anticipated changes to our dividend or other distribution amounts and cash available for dividends or other distributions; |
• | publication of research reports by analysts or others about us or the media, advertising or REIT industries, which may be unfavorable, inaccurate, inconsistent or not disseminated on a regular basis; |
• | changes in market interest rates that may cause purchasers of our shares to demand a different yield; |
• | changes in market valuations of similar companies; |
• | market reaction to any additional equity, debt or other securities that we may issue in the future, and which may or may not dilute the holdings of our existing stockholders; |
• | additions or departures of key personnel; |
• | actions by institutional or significant stockholders; |
• | speculation in the press or investment community about our company or industry; |
• | strategic actions by us or our competitors, such as acquisitions or other investments; |
• | legislative, administrative, regulatory or other actions affecting our business, our industry or REITs, including positions taken by the IRS; |
• | anticipated or pending investigations, proceedings, or litigation that involve or affect us; |
• | the occurrence of any of the other risk factors included or incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement; and |
• | general market and economic conditions. |
Class A Shares of the DownREIT | | | Common Stock of the Company |
Form of Organization and Purpose | |||
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The DownREIT is a Delaware limited liability company formed to engage in any business or activity relating to out-of-home advertising in Canada. | | | The Company is a Maryland corporation that has elected to be taxed as a REIT. |
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Length of Investment | |||
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The term of the DownREIT will continue until it is dissolved upon the determination of the Managing Shareholder or the entry of a decree of judicial dissolution. | | | The Company has a perpetual term and intends to continue its operations for an indefinite time period. |
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Management Control | |||
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The Managing Shareholder has responsibility for the management and control of the DownREIT, including the power to cause the DownREIT to enter into certain major transactions, subject to the voting rights of other shareholders as described under “Voting Rights” below. Additionally, subject to certain exceptions, the Managing Shareholder may not undertake certain actions, including the following: • take any action that would make it impossible to carry on the ordinary business of the DownREIT, or permit the DownREIT to engage in material business activities other than out-of-home advertising in Canada; • establish or increase reserves not for a legitimate business purpose, or for the purpose of depriving shareholders of distributions; • enter into any contract, mortgage, loan or other agreement that prohibits or restricts the ability of a shareholder from exercising its redemption rights; or | | | Our board of directors has exclusive control over our business and affairs subject only to the applicable provisions of Maryland law and the provisions in our charter and bylaws. |
Class A Shares of the DownREIT | | | Common Stock of the Company |
• transfer the direct or indirect interest of the DownREIT in certain subsidiaries | | | |
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Fiduciary Duties | |||
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Under the Operating Agreement and applicable Delaware law, the Managing Shareholder and the directors of the DownREIT owe a duty to act in good faith and perform their contractual obligations as expressly set forth in the Operating Agreement, but have no other duty, fiduciary or otherwise, to the DownREIT, any shareholder or any other person. | | | Under Maryland law, each director must perform his or her duties in good faith, in a manner that he or she reasonably believes to be in the best interests of the corporation, and with the care of an ordinarily prudent person in a like position under similar circumstances. These duties apply to each director individually. Under Maryland law, an act of a director is generally presumed to satisfy such standards. |
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Management’s Liability and Indemnification | |||
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The Managing Shareholder has no personal liability to the DownREIT or its shareholders for any action or omission taken in good faith. The Managing Shareholder is not responsible to the DownREIT or any shareholder for any misconduct or negligence on the part of any of its employees or agents appointed by the Managing Shareholder in good faith. The Operating Agreement provides for indemnification of the Managing Shareholder, other shareholders, and officers, employees, representatives and agents of the Managing Shareholder and the DownREIT, from and against any and all losses, claims, demands, liabilities, expenses, judgments, fines, settlements and other amounts arising from any and all claims, demands, actions, suits or proceedings, civil, criminal, administrative or investigative in which such person may be involved, or threatened to be involved, as a party or otherwise, by reason of such person’s relationship to the DownREIT or which relates to or arises out of the DownREIT or its property, business or affairs, unless such person acted in bad faith or committed gross negligence or willful misconduct or, in the case of a criminal proceeding, knew that the act or omission was unlawful. | | | Our charter contains a provision which eliminates the liability of our directors and officers to us and our stockholders for money damages to the maximum extent permitted by Maryland law. Neither the provisions of our charter nor Maryland law limit the ability of us or our stockholders to obtain other relief, such as an injunction or rescission. Our charter authorizes us, and our bylaws obligate us, to indemnify our directors and officers to the maximum extent permitted by Maryland law. See “Certain Provisions of Maryland Law and of Our Charter and Bylaws” in the accompanying prospectus. |
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Takeover Defense Provisions | |||
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Except in limited circumstances, the Managing Shareholder has exclusive management power over the business and affairs of the DownREIT. The Managing Shareholder may not be removed as Managing Shareholder by the other shareholders with or without cause. We may replace the Managing Shareholder at any time with another entity that is majority-owned and controlled by us. | | | Our charter and bylaws contain a number of provisions that may delay or discourage an unsolicited proposal for the acquisition of our company or the removal of incumbent management. These provisions include: • authorized capital stock that may be issued as preferred stock in the discretion of our board of directors, with voting or other rights superior to the common stock; |
Class A Shares of the DownREIT | | | Common Stock of the Company |
| | | • provisions designed to avoid concentration of share ownership in a manner that would jeopardize our status as a REIT under the Code; and • the advance notice provisions of our bylaws. Maryland law also contains provisions which could delay, defer or prevent a change of control or other transaction. See “Certain Provisions of Maryland Law and of Our Charter and Bylaws” in the accompanying prospectus. | |
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Sale of Assets; Merger, Consolidation or Conversion | |||
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Under the Operating Agreement, the Managing Shareholder generally has the exclusive authority to determine whether, when and on what terms the assets of the DownREIT will be sold. The Managing Shareholder generally has full power and authority to acquire, sell, transfer, exchange or otherwise dispose of any assets of the DownREIT, without the consent of the other shareholders. Under the Operating Agreement, the DownREIT may engage in a merger, consolidation or conversion with the prior approval of the Managing Shareholder and, subject to certain exceptions, the approval of the other shareholders. If the DownREIT sells or otherwise disposes of certain of its assets prior to June 13, 2022, the DownREIT may be required to pay holders of Class A Shares an amount intended to approximate their resulting tax liability. | | | Our charter provides that we generally may not dissolve, merge or consolidate with, or convert into, another entity, sell all or substantially all of our assets or engage in a statutory share exchange unless the action is declared advisable by our board of directors and approved by the affirmative vote of stockholders entitled to cast a majority of all of the votes entitled to be cast on the matter. In addition, Maryland law provides certain restrictions relating to “business combinations” (including a merger, consolidation, statutory share exchange and, in certain circumstances specified in the statute, an asset transfer or issuance or reclassification of equity securities). See “Certain Provisions of Maryland Law and of Our Charter and Bylaws” in the accompanying prospectus. |
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Dissolution | |||
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The DownREIT will dissolve upon the determination of the Managing Shareholder or the entry of a decree of judicial dissolution. | | | The dissolution of the Company must be declared advisable by the board of directors and approved by the affirmative vote of the stockholders entitled to cast a majority of all of the votes entitled to be cast on the matter. |
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Amendments | |||
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Generally, the Operating Agreement permits amendments with the approval of the Managing Shareholder, other shareholders holding a majority of the outstanding Class A Shares held by all shareholders (excluding the Managing Shareholder), and shareholders holding a majority of the outstanding Class B Shares of the DownREIT (“Class B Shares”). Additionally, certain amendments may be made by the Managing Shareholder without the consent of the other shareholders. | | | Generally, amendments to our charter must be declared advisable by the board of directors and approved by the affirmative vote of holders of shares entitled to cast a majority of all of the votes entitled to be cast on the matter. See “Certain Provisions of Maryland Law and of Our Charter and Bylaws” in the accompanying prospectus. |
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Class A Shares of the DownREIT | | | Common Stock of the Company |
Additional Equity/Potential Dilution | |||
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Pursuant to the Operating Agreement, the Managing Shareholder is authorized to cause the DownREIT from time to time to issue to the existing shareholders (including the Managing Shareholder) or other persons (a) Class A Shares or Class B Shares, or (b) additional shares of the DownREIT on terms and conditions acceptable to the Managing Shareholder. | | | Our charter provides that we may issue up to 450,000,000 shares of common stock, par value $0.01 per share, and up to 50,000,000 shares of preferred stock, par value $0.01 per share, of which 700,000 shares are classified and designated as Series A Convertible Perpetual Preferred Stock, par value $0.01 per share (the “Series A Preferred Stock”). See “Description of Common Stock” and “Description of Preferred Stock” in the accompanying prospectus. A majority of the entire board of directors may, without any action by the stockholders, amend our charter to increase or decrease the aggregate number of shares of stock or the number of shares of any class or series of stock that we have the authority to issue. See “Certain Provisions of Maryland Law and of Our Charter and Bylaws” in the accompanying prospectus. |
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Liability of Investors | |||
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Under the Operating Agreement and applicable Delaware law, the liability of the shareholders for the debts and obligations of the DownREIT is generally limited to the amount of their investment in the DownREIT. | | | Under Maryland law, our stockholders are generally not personally liable for our debts or obligations solely as a result of their status as stockholders. |
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Voting Rights | |||
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The Operating Agreement provides shareholders with certain limited voting rights. Subject to certain exceptions, the Managing Shareholder cannot, without the consent of shareholders holding a majority of the outstanding Class A Shares held by all the shareholders (excluding the Managing Shareholder), undertake, on behalf of the DownREIT, certain actions or enter into any transactions that would have the effect of such actions, including the following: • make or revoke any tax elections of the DownREIT or take certain other actions that would result in any adverse tax consequences to any shareholder that are disproportionate to those that would result for any other shareholder; • make any tax decisions of the DownREIT that would result in any material adverse tax consequences to any shareholder that are disproportionate to those that would result for any other shareholder; | | | The Company is managed under the direction of a board of directors, as elected by the stockholders. Generally, major actions, including most amendments to our charter, must be approved by the affirmative vote of stockholders entitled to cast a majority of all of the votes entitled to be cast on the matter. Each outstanding share of common stock entitles the holder thereof to one vote. See “Description of Common Stock” and “Certain Provisions of Maryland Law and of Our Charter and Bylaws” in the accompanying prospectus. |
Class A Shares of the DownREIT | | | Common Stock of the Company |
• permit certain of the DownREIT’s subsidiaries to incur or guaranty any debt owed to the Managing Shareholder or its affiliates, or any debt to other persons in excess of a specified ratio; • permit the DownREIT or its subsidiaries to guaranty the obligations of any person who is not the DownREIT or a subsidiary of the DownREIT; • prior to June 13, 2022, (i) make a general assignment for the benefit of creditors or appoint or acquiesce in the appointment of a custodian, receiver or trustee for all or any part of the assets of the DownREIT, or (ii) institute any bankruptcy proceedings or similar events on behalf of the DownREIT; • commence any legal proceeding for the dissolution, liquidation, or winding-up of the DownREIT; • amend the organizational documents of certain of the DownREIT’s subsidiaries in a manner that has an adverse effect on the holders of Class A Shares; • undertake any merger, amalgamation, reorganization, recapitalization or other similar transaction involving certain of the DownREIT’s subsidiaries; or • make any distributions other than as expressly set forth in the Operating Agreement. If the DownREIT defaults on certain obligations to holders of Class A Shares, such holders will be entitled to additional consent rights with respect to certain actions by the DownREIT. | | | |
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Liquidity | |||
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There is no market for Class A Shares, and Class A Shares are not listed for trading on any securities exchange. No shareholder may sell, transfer, assign or otherwise dispose of any of its Class A Shares without the consent of the Managing Shareholder, which may be given or withheld in its sole discretion. | | | Shares of common stock issued pursuant to this prospectus supplement will be freely transferable, subject to prospectus delivery and other requirements of the Securities Act, and the transfer restrictions in our charter. Our common stock is listed and traded on the NYSE. |
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Dividends/Distributions | |||
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The Operating Agreement provides that holders of Class A Shares are entitled to priority cash distributions on the same date (or the following business day) as dividends are paid to holders of our | | | Subject to any preferential dividend rights of any outstanding preferred stock, including the Series A Preferred Stock, and to the provisions of our charter regarding the restrictions on transfer and ownership of |
Class A Shares of the DownREIT | | | Common Stock of the Company |
common stock in an amount per share equal to the dividend per share paid on our common stock. Distributable cash is distributed to holders of Class B Shares on an annual basis. Holders of Class A Shares are also entitled to quarterly tax distributions to the extent their estimated tax liabilities in respect of their Class A Shares exceed distributions received from the DownREIT. All tax distributions to holders of Class A Shares will be treated as advance distributions of the priority cash distributions described above. | | | shares, holders of our common stock are entitled to receive dividends on such common stock if, as and when authorized by the board of directors, and declared by us out of assets legally available therefor. |
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Certain Tax Matters | |||
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You should consult with your tax advisor to determine the effect of ownership and disposition of Class A Shares on your individual tax situation. See “U.S. Federal Income Tax Considerations of a Redemption of Class A Shares” in this prospectus supplement. | | | You should consult with your tax advisor to determine the effect of ownership and disposition of our common stock on your individual tax situation. See “U.S. Federal Income Tax Considerations” in the accompanying prospectus. |
• | financial institutions; |
• | insurance companies; |
• | broker-dealers; |
• | S corporations, real estate investment trusts, and regulated investment companies; |
• | partnerships, other pass-through entities and trusts; |
• | persons who hold the Class A Shares on behalf of other persons as nominees; |
• | persons who receive Class A Shares as compensation; |
• | persons holding Class A Shares as part of a “straddle,” “hedge,” “conversion transaction,” “synthetic security” or other integrated investment; |
• | U.S. persons that have a functional currency other than the U.S. dollar; |
• | tax-exempt organizations (including individual retirement and other tax-deferred accounts); and |
• | foreign investors. |
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• | Declines in advertising and general economic conditions, including declines caused by the COVID-19 pandemic; |
• | The severity and duration of the COVID-19 pandemic and any other pandemics, and the impact on our business, financial condition and results of operations; |
• | Competition; |
• | Government regulation; |
• | Our ability to implement our digital display platform and deploy digital advertising displays to our transit franchise partners, including interruptions and reductions in demand caused by the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic; |
• | Losses and costs resulting from recalls and product liability, warranty and intellectual property claims; |
• | Our ability to obtain and renew key municipal contracts on favorable terms; |
• | Taxes, fees and registration requirements; |
• | Decreased government compensation for the removal of lawful billboards; |
• | Content-based restrictions on outdoor advertising; |
• | Seasonal variations; |
• | Acquisitions and other strategic transactions that we may pursue could have a negative effect on our results of operations; |
• | Dependence on our management team and other key employees; |
• | Diverse risks in our Canadian business; |
• | Experiencing a cybersecurity incident; |
• | Changes in regulations and consumer concerns regarding privacy, information security and data, or any failure or perceived failure to comply with these regulations or our internal policies; |
• | Asset impairment charges for our long-lived assets and goodwill; |
• | Environmental, health and safety laws and regulations; |
• | Our substantial indebtedness; |
• | Restrictions in the agreements governing our indebtedness; |
• | Incurrence of additional debt; |
• | Interest rate risk exposure from our variable-rate indebtedness; |
• | Our ability to generate cash to service our indebtedness; |
• | Cash available for distributions; |
• | Hedging transactions; |
• | The ability of our board of directors to cause us to issue additional shares of stock without common stockholder approval; |
• | Certain provisions of Maryland law may limit the ability of a third party to acquire control of us; |
• | Our rights and the rights of our stockholders to take action against our directors and officers are limited; |
• | Our failure to remain qualified to be taxed as a REIT; |
• | REIT distribution requirements; |
• | Availability of external sources of capital; |
• | We may face other tax liabilities even if we remain qualified to be taxed as a REIT; |
• | Complying with REIT requirements may cause us to liquidate investments or forgo otherwise attractive opportunities; |
• | Our ability to contribute certain contracts to a taxable REIT subsidiary (“TRS”); |
• | Our planned use of TRSs may cause us to fail to remain qualified to be taxed as a REIT; |
• | REIT ownership limits; |
• | Complying with REIT requirements may limit our ability to hedge effectively; |
• | Failure to meet the REIT income tests as a result of receiving non-qualifying income; |
• | The Internal Revenue Service (the “IRS”) may deem the gains from sales of our outdoor advertising assets to be subject to a 100% prohibited transaction tax; and |
• | Establishing operating partnerships as part of our REIT structure. |
• | the trustee can enforce your rights against us if an Event of Default (as defined and described below) occurs; and |
• | the trustee performs various administrative duties. |
• | the title of the debt securities; |
• | any limit on the total principal amount of the debt securities; |
• | whether the debt securities are senior debt securities or subordinated debt securities or a combination thereof; |
• | the dates on which the principal and premium, if any, of the debt securities will be payable; |
• | the interest rate (or method of determining the rate) that the debt securities will bear, the interest payment dates for the debt securities and the record dates for determination of the holders to whom interest is payable; |
• | the place where the principal, premium and interest on the debt securities will be paid; |
• | any optional redemption periods and prices and any specific terms or conditions related to optional redemptions; |
• | whether the debt securities are convertible or exchangeable into other securities; |
• | any sinking fund or other provisions that would obligate the applicable issuer to repurchase or otherwise redeem the debt securities; |
• | the denominations in which the debt securities will be issued, if other than $2,000 and any integral multiple of $1,000 in excess thereof; |
• | the manner in which the amounts of principal, premium or interest payments on the debt securities will be determined if these amounts may be determined by reference to an index; |
• | the currency in which the principal, premium and interest on the debt securities will be paid if other than the United States dollar; |
• | if other than the entire principal amount, the portion of the principal amount of the debt securities (a) payable if the maturity of the debt securities is accelerated or (b) provable in bankruptcy; |
• | any provisions relating to any security provided for the debt securities; |
• | any changes in or additions to the Events of Default; |
• | whether the debt securities may be issued in the form of global securities and the terms and conditions of the global securities; |
• | any changes or additions to the covenants; and |
• | any other terms of the debt securities. |
• | be entitled to have the debt securities represented by the global security registered in their names; |
• | receive or be entitled to receive physical delivery of the debt securities in definitive form; or |
• | be considered the owners or holders of the debt securities. |
• | the resulting, surviving or transferee person (if other than the applicable issuer) expressly assumes all the applicable issuer’s obligations under the debt securities and the indenture; and |
• | the applicable issuer or such successor person is not immediately thereafter in default under the indenture. |
• | adding to the applicable issuer’s covenants for the benefit of the holders of the debt securities of such series; |
• | surrendering any right or power conferred upon the applicable issuer in respect of such series; |
• | providing for the assumption of the applicable issuer’s obligations to the holders of the debt securities of such series; |
• | complying with the requirements of the SEC in connection with the registration of the debt securities of such series under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), and the qualification of the indenture under the Trust Indenture Act of 1939, as amended; and |
• | curing any ambiguity, omission, mistake, defect or inconsistency. |
• | change the stated maturity of such debt security; |
• | reduce the principal amount at maturity, redemption price or purchase price on such debt security; |
• | change the currency of payment of such debt security or interest thereon; |
• | reduce the percentage in aggregate principal amount at maturity of any debt security outstanding necessary to modify or amend the indenture or to waive any past default; |
• | impair the right to institute suit for the enforcement of any payment with respect to such debt security; or |
• | in the case of any debt security that is subject to a guarantee, release the guarantor of such guarantee from any of its obligations under such guarantee, except in accordance with the terms of the indenture and such security. |
• | default in payment when due and payable, upon redemption, acceleration or otherwise, of principal of, or premium, if any, on any debt security of such series; |
• | default for 30 days or more in the payment when due of interest on or with respect to any debt security of such series; |
• | default in the making or satisfaction of any sinking fund payment when the same shall become due and payable on the terms of any debt securities of such series; |
• | failure for 60 days after receipt of written notice from the trustee or holders of not less than 25% in principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of that series to comply with any of our other obligations, covenants or agreements in respect of the debt securities of such series contained in the indenture or the debt securities; |
• | certain events of bankruptcy, insolvency or reorganization; |
• | if the debt securities are subject to a guarantee of a guarantor, such guarantee for any reason ceases to be, or for any reason shall be asserted in writing by such guarantor or the applicable issuer, not to be in full force and effect; or |
• | any other event of default described in the prospectus supplement for such series. |
• | by delivering to the trustee for cancellation all outstanding debt securities of such series or by depositing with the trustee cash or securities (as applicable under the terms of the indenture) sufficient to pay and discharge the entire indebtedness evidenced by the outstanding debt securities of such series that have not then been delivered to the trustee for cancellation when or after such securities have become due and payable; and |
• | by paying all other sums payable by the applicable issuer under the indenture with respect to the debt securities of such series. |
• | the series of debt securities to which the guarantees apply; |
• | whether the guarantees are secured or unsecured; |
• | whether the guarantees are senior, senior subordinated or subordinated; |
• | the terms under which the guarantees may be amended, modified, waived, released or otherwise terminated, if different from the provisions applicable to the guaranteed debt securities; and |
• | any additional terms of the guarantees. |
• | whether the shares of the class or series are redeemable, and if so, the prices at which, and the terms and conditions on which, the shares may be redeemed, including the date or dates upon or after which the shares will be redeemable and the amount per share payable in case of redemption; |
• | whether shares of the class or series will be entitled to receive dividends or other distributions and, if so, the distribution rate (or the method of calculation thereof) on the shares, any restriction, limitation or condition upon the payment of the dividends or other distributions, whether dividends or other distributions will be cumulative and, if cumulative, the date from which dividends will accumulate, the priority as to payment of dividends with respect to other classes or series of stock of the Company, the dividend periods (or the method of calculation thereof) and the dates on which dividends or other distributions are payable; |
• | any preferential amount payable upon shares of the class or series and the priority as to payment of such preferential amount with respect to other classes or series of stock of the Company and any other rights of the shares of such class or series in the event of voluntary or involuntary liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the Company; |
• | any limitations on issuance of any class or series of preferred stock ranking senior to or on parity with the class or series of preferred stock as to dividend rights and rights upon liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the Company; |
• | whether and the extent to which the class or series will be guaranteed; |
• | whether the shares of the class or series are convertible into, or exchangeable for, shares of any other class or series of stock, or any other securities of the Company, and if so, the terms and conditions of such conversion or exchange, including price or rates of conversion at which, and the terms and conditions on which, the shares of the class or series may be converted or exchanged into other securities; |
• | whether the shares of the class or series will be listed or traded on a securities exchange or market; |
• | a discussion of any material U.S. federal income tax considerations applicable to the classes or series of preferred stock being offered; |
• | whether and on what terms the shares of such class or series will be subject to redemption or repurchase at the option of the Company; |
• | terms and conditions of the purchase or sinking fund provisions, if any, for the purchase or redemption of shares of the class or series; |
• | terms and conditions for any auction and remarketing, if any; |
• | the distinctive designation of each class or series and the number of shares that will constitute the class or series; |
• | the voting rights, if any, of shares of the class or series; and |
• | any other relative rights, preferences or limitations. |
• | no individual’s beneficial or constructive ownership of our stock will result in our being “closely held” under Section 856(h) of the Code (without regard to whether the ownership interest is held during the last half of a taxable year) or otherwise failing to qualify to be taxed as a REIT; and |
• | such stockholder does not and will not own, actually or constructively, an interest in a customer (i.e., a lessee of real property for purposes of the REIT requirements) of ours (or a customer of any entity owned or controlled by us) that would cause us to own, actually or constructively, more than a 9.9% interest (as set forth in Section 856(d)(2)(B) of the Code) in such customer (or our board of directors determines that revenue derived from such customer will not, individually or in the aggregate with our other revenues, affect our ability to qualify to be taxed as a REIT). |
• | any person from beneficially or constructively owning, applying certain attribution rules of the Code, shares of our stock that would result in our being “closely held” under Section 856(h) of the Code (without regard to whether the ownership interest is held during the last half of a taxable year) or otherwise cause us to fail to qualify to be taxed as a REIT; |
• | any person from transferring shares of our stock if the transfer would result in shares of our stock being beneficially owned by fewer than 100 persons (determined under the principles of Section 856(a)(5) of the Code); and |
• | any person from beneficially or constructively owning shares of our stock to the extent such ownership would result in us failing to qualify as a “domestically controlled qualified investment entity” within the meaning of Section 897(h)(4)(B) of the Code. |
• | the title of such warrants; |
• | the aggregate number of such warrants; |
• | the price or prices at which such warrants will be issued; |
• | the number of shares of common stock purchasable upon exercise of such warrants; |
• | the provisions for adjustment of the number of shares of common stock receivable upon exercise of the warrants or the exercise price of the warrants; |
• | the designation and terms of the other offered securities with which such warrants are issued and the number of such warrants issued with each such offered security; |
• | the date, if any, on and after which such warrants and the related common stock will be separately transferable; |
• | the price at which each share of common stock purchasable upon exercise of such warrants may be purchased; |
• | the date on which the right to exercise such warrants shall commence and the date on which such right shall expire; |
• | the minimum or maximum amount of such warrants which may be exercised at any one time; |
• | whether the warrants represented by the warrant certificates will be issued in registered or bearer form, and, if registered, where they may be transferred and registered; |
• | information with respect to book-entry procedures, if any; |
• | the currency or currency units in which the offering price, if any, and the exercise price are payable; |
• | the antidilution provisions of such warrants, if any; |
• | the redemption or call provisions, if any, applicable to such warrants; |
• | a discussion of certain U.S. federal income tax considerations; and |
• | any other terms of such warrants, including terms, procedures and limitations relating to the exchange and exercise of such warrants. |
• | at the time of acquisition of the warrants; and |
• | prior to the exercise of the warrants, for purposes of determining the percentage ownership of common stock held by such investor. |
• | a classified board; |
• | a two-thirds vote requirement for removing a director; |
• | a requirement that the number of directors be fixed only by vote of the board of directors; |
• | a requirement that a vacancy on the board be filled only by a vote of a majority of the remaining directors in office and for the remainder of the full term of the class of directors in which the vacancy occurred; and |
• | a majority requirement for the calling of a stockholder-requested special meeting of stockholders. |
• | the act or omission of the director or officer was material to the matter giving rise to the proceeding and (i) was committed in bad faith or (ii) was the result of active and deliberate dishonesty; |
• | the director or officer actually received an improper personal benefit in money, property or services; or |
• | in the case of any criminal proceeding, the director or officer had reasonable cause to believe that the act or omission was unlawful. |
• | a written affirmation by the director or officer of his or her good faith belief that he or she has met the standard of conduct necessary for indemnification by us; and |
• | a written undertaking by or on behalf of the director or officer to repay the amount paid or reimbursed by us if it is ultimately determined that the director or officer did not meet the standard of conduct. |
• | any present or former director or officer of the Company who is made or threatened to be made a party to, or witness in, a proceeding by reason of his or her service in that capacity; and |
• | any individual who, while a director or officer of the Company and at our request, serves or has served as a director, officer, manager or trustee of another corporation, real estate investment trust, limited liability company, partnership, joint venture, trust, employee benefit plan or any other enterprise and who is made or threatened to be made a party to, or witness in, the proceeding by reason of his or her service in that capacity. |
• | banks or other financial institutions; |
• | insurance companies; |
• | broker-dealers; |
• | regulated investment companies; |
• | partnerships, other pass-through entities and trusts; |
• | persons who hold our stock on behalf of other persons as nominees; |
• | persons who receive our stock as compensation; |
• | persons holding our stock as part of a “straddle,” “hedge,” “conversion transaction,” “synthetic security” or other integrated investment; |
• | persons subject to special accounting rules as a result of any item of gross income with respect to our stock or debt securities being taken into account in an applicable financial statement; |
• | U.S. persons that have a functional currency other than the U.S. dollar; |
• | and, except to the extent discussed below: |
• | tax-exempt organizations (including individual retirement and other tax-deferred accounts); and |
• | foreign investors. |
(1) | that is managed by one or more trustees or directors; |
(2) | the beneficial ownership of which is evidenced by transferable shares, or by transferable certificates of beneficial interest; |
(3) | that would be taxable as a domestic corporation but for its election to be subject to tax as a REIT; |
(4) | that is neither a financial institution nor an insurance company subject to specific provisions of the Code; |
(5) | the beneficial ownership of which is held by 100 or more persons; |
(6) | in which, during the last half of each taxable year, not more than 50% in value of the outstanding stock is owned, directly or indirectly, by five or fewer “individuals” (as defined in the Code to include specified tax-exempt entities); and |
(7) | that meets other tests described below, including with respect to the nature of its income and assets. |
• | The amount of rent is not based in whole or in part on the income or profits of any person. However, an amount we receive or accrue generally will not be excluded from the term “rents from real property” solely because it is based on a fixed percentage or percentages of receipts or sales; |
• | Neither we nor an actual or constructive owner of 10% or more of our stock actually or constructively owns 10% or more of the interests in the assets or net profits of a noncorporate customer, or, if the customer is a corporation (but excluding any TRS), 10% or more of the total combined voting power of all classes of stock entitled to vote or 10% or more of the total value of all classes of stock of the customer. Rents we receive from such a customer that is a TRS of ours, however, will not be excluded from the definition of “rents from real property” as a result of this condition if at least 90% of the space at the property to which the rents relate is leased to third parties, and the rents paid by the TRS are substantially comparable to rents paid by our other customers for comparable space. Whether rents paid by a TRS are substantially comparable to rents paid by other customers is determined at the time the lease with the TRS is entered into, extended, or modified, if such modification increases the rents due under such lease. Notwithstanding the foregoing, however, if a lease with a “controlled TRS” is modified and such modification results in an increase in the rents payable by such TRS, any such increase will not qualify as “rents from real property.” For purposes of this rule, a “controlled TRS” is a TRS in which the parent REIT owns stock possessing more than 50% of the voting power or more than 50% of the total value of the outstanding stock of such TRS; |
• | Rent attributable to personal property that is leased in connection with a lease of real property is not greater than 15% of the total rent received under the lease. If this condition is not met, then the portion of the rent attributable to personal property will not qualify as “rents from real property”; and |
• | We generally do not operate or manage the property or furnish or render services to our customers, subject to a 1% de minimis allowance. We are permitted, however, to perform directly certain services that are “usually or customarily rendered” in connection with the rental of space for occupancy only and are not otherwise considered “rendered to the occupant” of the property. Examples of these permitted services include the provision of electricity or other utilities, trash removal and general maintenance of common areas. In addition, we are permitted to employ an independent contractor from whom we derive no revenues, or a TRS, which may be wholly or partially owned by us, to provide non-customary services to our customers without causing the rent that we receive from those customers to fail to qualify as “rents from real property.” |
(i) | the sum of |
(a) | 90% of our REIT taxable income, computed without regard to our net capital gains and the deduction for dividends paid; and |
(b) | 90% of our after tax net income, if any, from foreclosure property (as described below); minus |
(ii) | the excess of the sum of specified items of non-cash income over 5% of our REIT taxable income. |
• | an individual who is a citizen or resident of the United States; |
• | a corporation (or entity treated as a corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes) created or organized in the United States or under the laws of the United States, or of any state thereof, or the District of Columbia; |
• | an estate, the income of which is includible in gross income for U.S. federal income tax purposes regardless of its source; or |
• | a trust if (a) a U.S. court is able to exercise primary supervision over the administration of such trust and one or more U.S. fiduciaries have the authority to control all substantial decisions of the trust or (b) that trust has a valid election in effect under applicable Treasury regulations to be treated as a domestic trust for U.S. federal income tax purposes. |
• | income retained by us in the prior taxable year on which we were subject to corporate level income tax (less the amount of tax); |
• | dividends received by us from other REITs (if designated by such REITs as qualified dividends), TRSs or other taxable C corporations; or |
• | income in the prior taxable year from sales of “built-in gain” property acquired by us from C corporations in carryover basis transactions (less the amount of corporate tax on such income). |
(1) | does not actually or constructively, directly or indirectly, own 10% or more of our voting stock; |
(2) | is not a controlled foreign corporation that is related to us (directly or indirectly) through stock ownership; and |
(3) | certifies, under penalties of perjury, to the applicable withholding agent on IRS Form W-BEN or W-8BEN-E (or appropriate substitute form) that it is not a U.S. person and that no withholding is required pursuant to the Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act (discussed below) and provides its name, address, and certain other required information. |
• | the non-U.S. Holder holds a debt security in connection with the conduct of a U.S. trade or business (and, if required by an applicable income tax treaty, the gain is attributable to a permanent establishment or fixed based within the United States); or |
• | the non-U.S. Holder is an individual who is present in the United States for 183 days or more in the taxable year of the disposition and certain other conditions are satisfied. |
• | through underwriters, brokers or dealers; |
• | directly to purchasers, including our stockholders or through a specific bidding, auction or other process; |
• | in a rights offering; |
• | in “at the market” offerings, within the meaning of Rule 415(a)(4) of the Securities Act, to or through a market maker or into an existing trading market on an exchange or otherwise; |
• | through agents; or |
• | through a combination of any of these methods. |
• | the terms of the offering; |
• | the names of any underwriters or agents; |
• | the name or names of any managing underwriter or underwriters; |
• | the purchase price or initial public offering price of the securities; |
• | the net proceeds from the sale of the securities; |
• | any delayed delivery arrangements; |
• | any underwriting discounts, commissions and other items constituting underwriters’ compensation; |
• | any discounts or concessions allowed or reallowed or paid to dealers; |
• | any commissions paid to agents; and |
• | any securities exchanges on which the securities may be listed. |
• | Our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021, filed with the SEC on February 24, 2022; |
• | Information specifically incorporated by reference in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020 from our definitive proxy statement on Schedule 14A filed with the SEC on April 23, 2021; |
• | Our Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on February 23, 2022; and |
• | The description of our common stock set forth in our registration statement on Form 8-A, filed with the SEC on March 20, 2014, as amended by the description of our common stock set forth in Exhibit 4.5 to our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021, including any further amendments thereto or reports filed for the purposes of updating this description. |