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April 14, 2025

Dear Fellow Stockholders:

We are pleased to invite you to attend the 2025 annual meeting of stockholders (together with any postponement, adjournments or other delays thereof, the “Annual Meeting”) of Athira Pharma, Inc. (the “Company”). The Annual Meeting will be held on May 29, 2025, at 8:00 a.m., Pacific Time. The Annual Meeting will be conducted virtually via live audio webcast. You will be able to attend the Annual Meeting virtually by visiting www.virtualshareholdermeeting.com/ATHA2025, where you will be able to listen to the meeting live, submit questions and vote online.

The attached formal meeting notice and proxy statement contain details of the business to be conducted at the Annual Meeting.

Your vote is important. Whether or not you attend the Annual Meeting virtually, it is important that your shares be represented and voted at the Annual Meeting. Therefore, we urge you to vote and submit your proxy promptly via the internet, telephone or mail.

On behalf of our board of directors, we would like to express our appreciation for your continued support of and interest in the Company.

Sincerely,

 

 

 

Mark J. Litton, Ph.D.

President and Chief Executive Officer

Athira Pharma, Inc.

 

 

By order of the Board of Directors,

 

 

 

Mark J. Litton, Ph.D.

President and Chief Executive Officer

Athira Pharma, Inc.

Bothell, Washington

April 14, 2025

 

 

To be Held at 8:00 a.m., Pacific Time, on May 29, 2025

The board of directors of Athira Pharma, Inc., a Delaware corporation (“we,” “us,” “our,” the “Company” or “Athira”), is soliciting proxies to be used at our 2025 annual meeting of stockholders (together with any postponement, adjournment or continuation thereof, the “Annual Meeting”). The Annual Meeting will be held on May 29, 2025, at 8:00 a.m., Pacific Time. The Annual Meeting will be conducted virtually via live audio webcast. You will be able to attend the Annual Meeting virtually by visiting www.virtualshareholdermeeting.com/ATHA2025, where you will be able to listen to the meeting live, submit questions and vote online during the meeting.

The Notice of Internet Availability of Proxy Materials (the “Notice of Internet Availability”), containing instructions on how to access this proxy statement, the accompanying notice of annual meeting and form of proxy, and our annual report, is first being sent or given on or about April 14, 2025 to all stockholders of record as of April 4, 2025. The proxy materials and our annual report can be accessed as of April 14, 2025 by visiting www.proxyvote.com. If you receive a Notice of Internet Availability, then you will not receive a printed copy of the proxy materials or our annual report in the mail unless you specifically request these materials. Instructions for requesting a printed copy of the proxy materials and our annual report are set forth in the Notice of Internet Availability.

The information provided in the “question and answer” format below is for your convenience only and is merely a summary of the information contained in this proxy statement. You should read this entire proxy statement carefully.

This proxy statement and the accompanying proxy card are furnished in connection with the solicitation of proxies by our board of directors for use at the Annual Meeting.

Your vote is very important. Whether or not you attend the virtual Annual Meeting, it is important that your shares be represented and voted at the Annual Meeting. Therefore, we urge you to vote and submit your proxy promptly via the internet, telephone or mail. Voting your shares by proxy ensures that if you are unable to attend the Annual Meeting, your shares will be voted at the Annual Meeting. Voting now will not limit your right to change your vote or to attend the Annual Meeting.

The following proposals will be voted on at the Annual Meeting:

As of the date of this proxy statement, our management and board of directors were not aware of any other matters to be presented at the Annual Meeting.

Our board of directors recommends that you vote your shares:

Holders of our common stock as of the close of business on April 4, 2025, the record date for the Annual Meeting, may vote at the Annual Meeting. As of the record date, there were 39,042,445 shares of our common stock outstanding. Each share of common stock is entitled to one vote on each matter properly brought before the Annual Meeting. Stockholders are not permitted to cumulate votes with respect to the election of directors. We do not have any outstanding shares of preferred stock.

Stockholders of Record. If your shares are registered directly in your name with our transfer agent, Computershare Inc., then you are considered the stockholder of record with respect to those shares, and this Notice of Internet Availability was sent directly to you by us. As a stockholder of record, you have the right to grant your proxy directly to the individuals listed on the proxy card or to vote by ballot at the Annual Meeting. Throughout this proxy statement, we refer to these holders as “stockholders of record.” Only stockholders of record as of April 4, 2025 are entitled to notice of and to vote at the Annual Meeting. For ten days prior to the Annual Meeting, a complete list of stockholders of record entitled to vote at the Annual Meeting will be available for examination by any stockholder for any purpose relevant to the Annual Meeting. If you would like to view the list, please contact our corporate secretary to schedule an appointment by calling (425) 620-8520 or writing to Athira Pharma, Inc., 18706 North Creek Parkway, Suite 104, Bothell, Washington 98011, Attention: Corporate Secretary.

Street Name Stockholders. If your shares are held in a brokerage account or by a broker, bank or other nominee, then you are considered the beneficial owner of shares held in street name, and the Notice of Internet Availability was forwarded to you by your broker, bank or other nominee, which is considered the stockholder of record with respect to those shares. As a beneficial owner, you have the right to direct your broker, bank or other nominee on how to vote your shares. Beneficial owners are also invited to attend the virtual Annual Meeting. However, since a beneficial owner is not the stockholder of record, you may not vote your shares directly at the Annual Meeting unless you follow the procedures for obtaining a legal proxy from your broker, bank or other nominee. If you request a printed copy of the proxy materials by mail, your broker, bank or other nominee will provide a voting instruction card for you to use. Throughout this proxy statement, we refer to these holders as “street name stockholders.”

A quorum is the minimum number of shares required to be present or represented at the Annual Meeting for the meeting to be properly held under our amended and restated bylaws (the “Bylaws”) and Delaware law. The presence, including virtually or by proxy, of a majority of the voting power of the capital stock of the Company issued and outstanding and entitled to vote will constitute a quorum to transact business at the Annual Meeting. Abstentions, withheld votes and broker non-votes, if any, are counted as present and entitled to vote for purposes of determining a quorum. Whether or not a quorum exists, the chairperson of the meeting may adjourn the meeting to another time or place.

Stockholder of Record. If you are a stockholder of record, you may vote in one of the following ways:

Street Name Stockholders. If you are a street name stockholder, then you will receive voting instructions from your broker, bank or other nominee. You must follow the instructions provided by your broker, bank or other nominee in order to instruct them on how to vote your shares. The availability of internet and telephone voting options will depend on the voting process of your broker, bank or other nominee. As discussed above, if you are a street name stockholder, then you may not vote your shares by ballot at the Annual Meeting unless you obtain a “legal proxy” from your broker, bank or other nominee.

Stockholder of Record. If you are a stockholder of record and you submit a proxy but you do not provide voting instructions, your shares will be voted:

In addition, if any other matters are properly brought before the Annual Meeting, the persons named as proxies will be authorized to vote or otherwise act on those matters in accordance with their judgment.

Street Name Stockholders. Brokers, banks and other nominees holding shares of common stock in street name for customers are generally required to vote such shares in the manner directed by their customers. In the absence of timely directions, your broker, bank or other nominee will have discretion to vote your shares on our routine matters: the proposal to ratify the appointment of Ernst & Young LLP as our independent registered public accounting firm for our fiscal year ending December 31, 2025 and the proposal to amend our amended and restated certificate of incorporation to effect a reverse stock split and reduce the total number of authorized shares of common stock. Your broker, bank or other nominee will not have discretion to vote on any other proposals, which are considered non-routine matters, absent direction from you. In the event that your broker, bank or other nominee votes your shares on our routine matters, but is not able to vote your shares on non-routine matters, then those shares will be treated as broker non-votes with respect to non-routine proposals. Accordingly, if you own shares through a nominee, such as a broker or bank, please be sure to instruct your nominee how to vote to ensure that your shares are counted on each of the proposals.

Stockholder of Record. If you are a stockholder of record, you can change your vote or revoke your proxy before the Annual Meeting by:

Street Name Stockholders. If you are a street name stockholder, then your broker, bank or other nominee can provide you with instructions on how to change or revoke your proxy.

We will be hosting the Annual Meeting via live webcast only. You will be able to attend the Annual Meeting virtually, submit your questions during the meeting and vote your shares electronically during the meeting by visiting www.virtualshareholdermeeting.com/ATHA2025. To participate in the Annual Meeting, you will need the control number included on your proxy card. The Annual Meeting webcast will begin promptly at 8:00 a.m., Pacific Time. We encourage you to access the meeting prior to the start time. Online check-in will begin at 7:45 a.m., Pacific Time, and you should allow ample time for the check-in procedures.

If you encounter difficulties accessing the virtual meeting during the check-in or meeting time, please call the technical support number that will be posted on the virtual meeting log-in page.

Proxies are being solicited by and on behalf of our board of directors. Mark Litton, our president and chief executive officer, Robert Renninger, our senior vice president, finance and accounting, and Mark Worthington, our general counsel, chief compliance officer and corporate secretary, have been designated as proxy holders for the Annual Meeting by our board of directors. When proxies are properly dated, executed and returned, the shares represented by such proxies will be voted at the Annual Meeting in accordance with the instructions of the stockholder. If the proxy card is dated and signed but no specific instructions are given, then the shares will be voted in accordance with the recommendation of our board of directors. If any other matters are properly brought before the Annual Meeting, then the proxy holders will use their own judgment to determine how to vote your shares.

A representative of Broadridge Financial Solutions, Inc. will tabulate the votes and act as inspector of election.

You may contact our transfer agent, Computershare Inc., by telephone at (800) 736-3001, or by writing Computershare Inc.,

P.O. Box 43006, Providence, RI 02940-3078. You may also access instructions with respect to certain stockholder matters (e.g., change of address) via the internet at www.computershare.com/investor.

Our board of directors is soliciting proxies for use at the Annual Meeting by means of these proxy materials. By signing, dating and returning the proxy card, or by submitting your proxy over the internet or by telephone using the instructions found on the proxy card, you are authorizing the persons named as proxies to vote your shares at the Annual Meeting as you have instructed. Proxies will be solicited on behalf of the board of directors by the Company’s directors, director nominees, and certain executive officers and other employees of the Company.

The Company will bear the cost of soliciting proxies and will reimburse brokerage firms and other custodians, nominees and fiduciaries for their reasonable out-of-pocket expenses for sending proxy materials to stockholders and obtaining their proxies. The Company has retained the services of Innisfree M&A Incorporated to assist in soliciting proxies from the Company’s stockholders for a fee of $15,000 plus reimbursement of reasonable expenses. In addition to soliciting the proxies by mail and the internet, certain of the Company’s directors, officers and employees, without compensation, may solicit proxies personally or by telephone, facsimile and e-mail.

We will bear the entire cost of proxy solicitation, including the preparation, assembly, printing, mailing and distribution of Athira’s proxy materials. Copies of our solicitation materials will also be made available upon request to brokers, banks and other nominees to forward to the beneficial owners of the shares held of record by such brokers, banks or other nominees. The original solicitation of proxies may be supplemented by solicitation by telephone, electronic communications or other means by our directors, officers or employees. No additional compensation will be paid to these individuals for any such services, although we may reimburse such individuals for their reasonable out-of-pocket expenses in connection with such solicitation.

We will disclose voting results on a Current Report on Form 8-K that we will file with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) within four business days after the meeting. If final voting results are not available to us in time to file a Form 8-K, then we will file a Form 8-K to publish preliminary results and will provide the final results in an amendment to the Form 8-K as soon as they become available.

In accordance with the rules of the SEC we have elected to furnish our proxy materials, including this proxy statement and our annual report, primarily via the internet. As a result, we are mailing to our stockholders a Notice of Internet Availability instead of a paper copy of the proxy materials. The Notice of Internet Availability contains instructions on how to access our proxy materials on the internet, how to vote on the proposals, how to request printed copies of the proxy materials and our annual report, and how to request to receive all future proxy materials in printed form by mail or electronically by e-mail. We encourage stockholders to take advantage of the availability of the proxy materials on the internet to help reduce our costs and the environmental impact of our annual meetings.

If you receive more than one Notice of Internet Availability, then your shares may be registered in more than one name and/or are registered in different accounts. Please follow the voting instructions on each Notice of Internet Availability to ensure that all of your shares are voted.

We have adopted a procedure called “householding,” which the SEC has approved. Under this procedure, we can deliver a single copy of the Notice of Internet Availability to multiple stockholders who share the same address unless we received contrary instructions from one or more of the stockholders. This procedure reduces our printing costs, mailing costs and fees. Stockholders who

participate in householding will continue to be able to access and receive separate proxy cards. Upon written or oral request, we will deliver promptly a separate copy of the Notice of Internet Availability to any stockholder at a shared address to which we delivered a single copy of any of these documents. To receive a separate copy, or, if a stockholder is receiving multiple copies, to request that we only send a single copy of next year’s Notice of Internet Availability or proxy statement and annual report, as applicable, stockholders may contact us at the following address and telephone number:

Athira Pharma, Inc.

Attention: Investor Relations

18706 North Creek Parkway, Suite 104

Bothell, Washington 98011

Tel: (425) 620-8501

Street name stockholders may contact their broker, bank or other nominee to request information about householding.

If a stockholder would like us to consider including a proposal in our proxy statement for next year’s annual meeting of stockholders pursuant to Rule 14a-8 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), then the proposal must be received by our corporate secretary at our principal executive offices on or before December 15, 2025. In addition, stockholder proposals must comply with the requirements of Rule 14a-8 regarding the inclusion of stockholder proposals in company-sponsored proxy materials. Proposals should be addressed to:

Athira Pharma, Inc.

Attention: Corporate Secretary

18706 North Creek Parkway, Suite 104

Bothell, Washington 98011

The Bylaws also establish an advance notice procedure for stockholders who wish to present a proposal or nominate a director at an annual meeting, but do not seek to include the proposal or director nominee in our proxy statement. In order to be properly brought before next year’s annual meeting, the stockholder must provide timely written notice to our corporate secretary, at our principal executive offices, and any such proposal or nomination must constitute a proper matter for stockholder action. The written notice must contain the information specified in the Bylaws. To be timely, a stockholder’s written notice must be received by our corporate secretary at our principal executive offices:

If we hold our 2026 annual meeting more than 25 days before or after the one-year anniversary of this year’s Annual Meeting, then such written notice must be received by our corporate secretary at our principal executive offices:

In addition, stockholders who intend to solicit proxies in support of director nominees other than the Company’s nominees must also comply with the additional requirements of Rule 14a-19(b) of the Exchange Act.

If a stockholder who has notified us of his, her or its intention to present a proposal at an annual meeting of stockholders does not appear to present his, her or its proposal at such annual meeting, then we are not required to present the proposal for a vote at such annual meeting.

Our board of directors currently consists of eight directors, seven of whom are independent under the listing standards of The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC (“Nasdaq”). Our board of directors is divided into three classes with staggered three-year terms. Thus, at each annual meeting of stockholders, a class of directors will be elected for a three-year term to succeed the class whose term is then expiring.

The following table sets forth the names, ages as of April 4, 2025, and certain other information for each of our directors and director nominees:

Our common stock is listed on the Nasdaq Global Select Market. Under the rules of Nasdaq, independent directors must comprise a majority of a listed company’s board of directors. In addition, the rules of Nasdaq require that, subject to specified exceptions, each member of a listed company’s audit, compensation, and nominating and corporate governance committees be independent. Audit committee members must also satisfy the independence criteria set forth in Rule 10A-3 under the Exchange Act. Under the rules of Nasdaq, a director will only qualify as an “independent director” if, in the opinion of that company’s board of directors, that person does not have a relationship that would interfere with the exercise of independent judgment in carrying out the responsibilities of a director.

To be considered independent for purposes of Rule 10A-3, a member of an audit committee of a listed company may not, other than in his or her capacity as a member of the audit committee, the board of directors or any other board committee: (1) accept, directly or indirectly, any consulting, advisory or other compensatory fee from the listed company or any of its subsidiaries; or (2) be an affiliated person of the listed company or any of its subsidiaries.

Our board of directors has undertaken a review of its composition, the composition of its committees and the independence of our directors and considered whether any director has a material relationship with us that could compromise his or her ability to exercise independent judgment in carrying out his or her responsibilities. Based upon information requested from and provided by each director concerning his or her background, employment and affiliations, including family relationships, our board of directors has determined that, other than Dr. Litton, none of our directors has a relationship that would interfere with the exercise of independent judgment in carrying out the responsibilities of a director and that each of these directors is “independent” as that term is defined under the rules of Nasdaq. Our board of directors also determined that Mr. Johnson, Mr. Fluke and Ms. Romano, who comprise our audit committee; Ms. Kosacz, Mr. Johnson and Mr. Pickering, who comprise our compensation committee; Ms. Romano, Ms. Kosacz, Mr. Edelman and Dr. Panzara, who comprise our nominating and corporate governance committee; and Dr. Panzara and Mr. Johnson, who comprise our compliance committee, satisfy applicable independence standards established by applicable SEC rules and the rules of Nasdaq. In making this determination, our board of directors considered the relationships that each non-employee director has with us and all other facts and circumstances our board of directors deemed relevant in determining their independence, including the beneficial ownership of our capital stock by each non-employee director.

Ms. Romano serves as the independent chairwoman of the board of directors, and Dr. Litton serves as our president and chief executive officer. The roles of chief executive officer and chairperson of the board of directors are currently separated in recognition of the differences between the two roles. We believe that it is in the best interests of our stockholders for the board of directors to make a determination regarding the separation or combination of these roles each time it elects a new chairperson or appoints a chief executive officer, based on the relevant facts and circumstances applicable at such time. Our board of directors has determined it is in the best interests of our stockholders to continue to maintain an independent chairperson to allow Dr. Litton to focus on his primary responsibility for the operational leadership and strategic direction of our company. Our corporate governance guidelines provide that if our board of directors does not have an independent chairperson, the board of directors will appoint a lead independent director.

Our independent chairperson sets the agenda and serves as the chairperson of meetings of our board of directors and of executive sessions of our non-executive directors, confers separately with management from time to time, and facilitates discussion among other board members as appropriate. The chairperson may also, when appropriate, act as spokesperson for the Company and perform such other responsibilities that may be designated by a majority of the board of directors from time to time.

Management is responsible for the day-to-day management of risks that the Company faces, in conjunction with our chief compliance officer (who is currently our general counsel) who oversees compliance with certain corporate policies, and our board of directors has an active role, as a whole and also at the committee level, in overseeing the management of our risks. The board of directors is responsible for general oversight of risks and regular review of information regarding our risks, including credit risks, liquidity risks, environmental, social and governance (“ESG”) related risks, cybersecurity risks, and operational risks. Our compensation committee is responsible for overseeing the management of risks relating to our executive compensation plans and arrangements. Our audit

committee is responsible for overseeing the management of our risks relating to accounting matters and financial reporting. Our nominating and corporate governance committee is responsible for overseeing the management of our risks associated with the independence of our board of directors. Our compliance committee is responsible for assisting our board of directors in the oversight of our healthcare legal and regulatory compliance and scientific research integrity. While each committee is responsible for evaluating certain risks and overseeing the management of such risks, our entire board of directors is regularly informed through discussions with committee members about such risks. Our board of directors believes its administration of its risk oversight function has not affected the board of directors’ leadership structure.

During our fiscal year ended December 31, 2024, our board of directors held seven meetings (including regularly scheduled and special meetings), and each director attended at least 75% of the aggregate of (1) the total number of meetings of the board of directors held during the period for which he or she was a director and (2) the total number of meetings held by all committees on which he or she served during the periods that he or she served.

Although we do not have a formal policy regarding attendance by members of our board of directors at our annual meetings of stockholders, we encourage, but do not require, directors to attend. Seven of the eight members of our board of directors attended our 2024 annual meeting.

To encourage and enhance communication among non-employee directors, and as required under applicable Nasdaq rules, our corporate governance guidelines provide that our non-employee directors will meet in executive sessions without management directors or management present on a periodic basis. In addition, if any of our non-employee directors are not independent directors, then our independent directors will also meet in executive session on a periodic basis. These executive sessions are chaired by Kelly Romano, our chairwoman of the board of directors, or the respective committee chairperson, as appropriate.

Our board of directors and nominating and corporate governance committee are committed to diversity of experience, gender, race and ethnicity, and seek to ensure that there is diversity of thought among our directors. The Company believes that diversity of thought stems from many factors including professional experience, life experience, socio-economic background, gender, race, ethnicity, religion, skill set, and geographic representation. The Company believes that the backgrounds and qualifications of the directors, considered as a group, should provide a significant composite mix of experience, knowledge, abilities, and stockholder and community representation that will allow the board of directors to fulfill its responsibilities.

As of the date of this proxy statement, our board of directors has four separately designated standing committees: an audit committee, a compensation committee, a nominating and corporate governance committee, and a compliance committee. Our board of directors may also establish other committees from time to time.

Each committee has the composition and the responsibilities described below.

The members of our audit committee are Messrs. Johnson and Fluke and Ms. Romano, each of whom is a non-employee member of our board of directors. Our audit committee chairman, Mr. Johnson, is our audit committee financial expert, as that term is defined under the SEC rules implementing Section 407 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, and possesses financial sophistication, as defined under the rules of Nasdaq. Our audit committee oversees our corporate accounting and financial reporting process and assists our board of directors in monitoring our financial systems. Our audit committee operates under a written charter that specifies its duties and responsibilities and satisfies the applicable listing standards of Nasdaq. A copy of the charter of our audit committee is available on our website at https://investors.athira.com/corporate-governance/governance-overview. Our board of directors has determined that each of Messrs. Johnson and Fluke and Ms. Romano is independent for audit committee purposes, as that term is defined in the rules

of the SEC and the applicable Nasdaq rules, and has sufficient knowledge in financial and auditing matters to serve on the audit committee. During our fiscal year ended December 31, 2024, our audit committee held five meetings (including regularly scheduled and special meetings).

Our audit committee:

The members of our compensation committee are Ms. Kosacz and Messrs. Johnson and Pickering. Ms. Kosacz is the chairwoman of our compensation committee. Our compensation committee oversees our compensation policies, plans and benefits programs. Our compensation committee operates under a written charter that specifies its duties and responsibilities and satisfies the applicable listing standards of Nasdaq. A copy of the charter of our compensation committee is available on our website at https://investors.athira.com/corporate-governance/governance-overview. During our fiscal year ended December 31, 2024, our compensation committee held four meetings (including regularly scheduled and special meetings).

Our compensation committee:

The members of our nominating and corporate governance committee are Mses. Romano and Kosacz, Mr. Edelman and Dr. Panzara. Ms. Romano is the chairwoman of our nominating and corporate governance committee. Our nominating and corporate governance committee oversees and assists our board of directors in reviewing and recommending nominees for election as directors. Our nominating and corporate governance committee operates under a written charter that specifies its duties and responsibilities and satisfies the applicable listing standards of Nasdaq. A copy of the charter of our nominating and corporate governance committee is available on our website at https://investors.athira.com/corporate-governance/governance-overview. During our fiscal year ended December 31, 2024, our nominating and corporate governance committee held two meetings (including regularly scheduled and special meetings).

The nominating and corporate governance committee:

Our compliance committee was established in September 2024 and first convened in February 2025. The members of our compliance committee are Dr. Panzara and Mr. Johnson. Dr. Panzara is the chairman of our compliance committee. Our compliance committee assists our board of directors in the oversight of our scientific research activities, including the development of our products and product candidates in clinical and preclinical development, and compliance with healthcare legal and regulatory requirements, and conducts related compliance risk analyses in conjunction with our audit committee. Our compliance committee operates under a written charter that specifies its duties and responsibilities, the adequacy of which is reviewed and any proposed changes recommended by the committee to our board of directors. A copy of the charter of our compliance committee is available on our website at https://investors.athira.com/corporate-governance/governance-overview.

The compliance committee assists our board of directors in the oversight of, and assessment of risk associated with:

Our nominating and corporate governance committee uses a variety of methods for identifying and evaluating potential director nominees. In its evaluation of director candidates, including the current directors eligible for re-election, our nominating and corporate governance committee will consider the current size and composition of our board of directors and the needs of our board of directors and the respective committees of our board of directors and other director qualifications. While our board of directors has not established minimum qualifications for board members, some of the factors that our nominating and corporate governance committee considers in assessing director nominee qualifications include, without limitation, character, professional ethics and integrity, judgment, business acumen, proven achievement and competence in one’s field, the ability to exercise sound business judgment, tenure on the board of directors and skills that are complementary to the board of directors, an understanding of our business, an understanding of the responsibilities that are required of a member of the board of directors, other time commitments, diversity with respect to professional background, education, race, ethnicity, gender, age and geography, as well as other individual qualities and attributes that contribute to the total mix of viewpoints and experience represented on our board of directors. Although our board of directors does not maintain a specific policy with respect to board diversity, our board of directors believes that the board of directors should be a diverse body, and the nominating and corporate governance committee considers a broad range of perspectives, backgrounds and experiences.

If our nominating and corporate governance committee determines that an additional or replacement director is required, then the committee may take such measures as it considers appropriate in connection with its evaluation of a director candidate, including candidate interviews, inquiry of the person or persons making the recommendation or nomination, engagement of an outside search firm to gather additional information, or reliance on the knowledge of the members of the committee, board of directors or management.

After completing its review and evaluation of director candidates, our nominating and corporate governance committee recommends to our full board of directors the director nominees for selection. Our nominating and corporate governance committee has discretion to decide which individuals to recommend for nomination as directors and our board of directors has the final authority in determining the selection of director candidates for nomination to our board of directors.

Our nominating and corporate governance committee will consider recommendations for candidates to our board of directors from stockholders in the same manner as candidates recommended to the committee from other sources. Our nominating and corporate governance committee will evaluate such recommendations in accordance with its charter, the Bylaws and the director nominee criteria described above.

A stockholder that wants to recommend a candidate to our board of directors should direct the recommendation in writing by letter to our corporate secretary at Athira Pharma, Inc., 18706 North Creek Parkway, Suite 104, Bothell, Washington 98011, Attention: Corporate Secretary. Such recommendation must include the candidate’s name, home and business contact information, detailed biographical data, relevant qualifications, a signed letter from the candidate confirming willingness to serve, information regarding any relationships between the candidate and us, and evidence of the recommending stockholder’s ownership of our capital stock. Such recommendation must also include a statement from the recommending stockholder in support of the candidate. Our nominating and corporate governance committee has discretion to decide which individuals to recommend for nomination as directors.

Under the Bylaws, stockholders may also directly nominate persons for our board of directors. Any nomination must comply with the requirements set forth in the Bylaws and the rules and regulations of the SEC and should be sent in writing to our corporate secretary at the address above. To be timely for our next year’s annual meeting of stockholders, nominations must be received by our corporate secretary observing the deadlines discussed above under “Questions and Answers About the Proxy Materials and our Annual Meeting—What is the deadline to propose actions for consideration at next year’s annual meeting of stockholders or to nominate individuals to serve as directors?”

Stockholders and other interested parties wishing to communicate directly with our non-employee directors may do so by writing and sending the correspondence to our corporate secretary by mail to our principal executive offices at Athira Pharma, Inc., 18706 North Creek Parkway, Suite 104, Bothell, Washington 98011. Our corporate secretary, in consultation with appropriate directors as necessary, will review all incoming communications and screen for communications that (1) are solicitations for products and services, (2) relate to matters of a personal nature not relevant for our stockholders to act on or for our board of directors to consider and (3) matters that are of a type that render them improper or irrelevant to the functioning of our board of directors or our business, for example, mass mailings, product complaints or inquiries, job inquiries, business solicitations and patently offensive or otherwise inappropriate material. If appropriate, our corporate secretary will route such communications to the appropriate director(s) or, if none is specified, then to the chairperson of the board of directors. These policies and procedures do not apply to communications to non-employee directors from our officers or directors who are stockholders or stockholder proposals submitted pursuant to Rule 14a-8 under the Exchange Act.

We have adopted an insider trading policy that governs the purchase, sale, and other dispositions of our securities by our directors, officers, employees and other covered individuals, that we believe is reasonably designed to promote compliance with applicable insider trading laws, rules and regulations and the listing standards of Nasdaq. A copy of our insider trading policy was filed as an exhibit to our Annual Report on Form 10-K for fiscal year 2024. In addition, with regard to trading in our own securities, it is our policy to comply with the federal securities laws and the applicable exchange listing requirements.

Under our insider trading policy, our employees, including our executive officers, consultants, contractors, advisors, and the members of our board of directors are prohibited from, directly or indirectly, among other things, (1) engaging in short sales, (2) trading in publicly traded options, such as puts and calls, and other derivative securities with respect to our securities (other than stock options, restricted stock units and other compensatory awards issued to such individuals by us), (3) purchasing financial instruments (including prepaid variable forward contracts, equity swaps, collars and exchange funds), or otherwise engaging in transactions that hedge or offset, or are designed to hedge or offset, any decrease in the market value of equity securities granted to them by us as part of their compensation or held, directly or indirectly, by them, (4) pledging any of our securities as collateral for any loans or as part of any other pledging transaction and (5) holding our securities in a margin account.

We have adopted a written code of business conduct and ethics that applies to our directors, officers and employees, including our principal executive officer, principal financial officer, principal accounting officer or controller, or persons performing similar functions. A copy of the code is posted on the investor section of our website at https://investors.athira.com/corporate-governance/ governance-overview. We will post amendments to our code of business conduct and ethics or waivers of our code of business conduct and ethics for directors and executive officers on the same website.

Our ESG strategy is focused on areas that are material to our business and clearly connected to our business operations. We expect our ESG strategy to evolve as we continue to assess the appropriate framework for our disclosures and appropriate metrics to measure our actions. Our nominating and corporate governance committee has oversight of our overall ESG activities and programs, and we have discussed elsewhere in this proxy statement certain of our corporate governance policies and programs, including our code of business conduct and ethics, corporate governance guidelines, related-person transactions policy, clawback policy, and overall commitment to diversity of experience, gender, race and ethnicity to seek to ensure that there is diversity of thought among our directors. We also require training and compliance with other corporate policies including our whistleblower policy, global anti-bribery and anti-corruption policy, and insider trading policy and various quality assurance, cybersecurity and safety protocols.

At Athira, we are guided by our mission to restore lives by advancing bold therapies for neuronal health, thoughtfully and urgently. We are committed to restoring, rebuilding and retaining connections. Our core values of people, integrity, collaboration, perseverance, transformation, inclusion and resourcefulness serve to guide us on our path toward achieving our mission. Our core values establish

the foundation for how we conduct our business, how we interact with each other and our stakeholders, and how we evaluate employee performance.

The hiring, engagement and retention of a skilled workforce is particularly important in the highly competitive scientific fields in which we operate. Our employees play a key role in our ability to achieve our mission, and we strive to attract, empower and retain highly qualified employees who are inspired, diverse and driven. To attract and retain top talent, we strive to create opportunities for our employees to grow and develop in their careers and ensure they are supported by competitive compensation and a comprehensive benefits program.

We believe employee career development is an investment in our employees’ skills and our future. Additionally, we have an employee review program which evaluates employee performance and is designed to support our employees’ career and personal development, which ultimately contributes to achieving our mission.

We believe it is important to encourage open and direct communication at all levels in our organization.

We believe we provide competitive and comprehensive financial compensation and benefits for our employees and that our programs are designed to meet our employees’ needs. In addition to salaries, these programs include, for eligible employees, new employee equity grants, additional discretionary equity awards, discretionary merit-based annual bonuses, a voluntary employee stock purchase program, a 401(k) plan with company matching, healthcare and insurance benefits, health flexible spending accounts, dependent care flexible spending accounts, professional development opportunities and reimbursement, paid time off, and family leave.

We previously extended our now-concluded ACT-AD and LIFT-AD clinical trials in an open label extension intended to continue access to our prior drug candidate for Alzheimer’s disease in support of the patients in those clinical trials and their caregivers who are faced with such a devastating disease, again in furtherance of our mission to restore lives by advancing bold therapies for neuronal health, thoughtfully and urgently.

The following table provides information regarding compensation of our non-employee directors for service as directors for the year ended December 31, 2024.

In September 2020, based on discussions with and assistance from AON Radford, a third-party compensation consultant then retained by our compensation committee to provide our board of directors and our compensation committee with an analysis of publicly available market data and assistance in determining compensation to be provided to our non-employee directors, our board of directors adopted, and our stockholders approved, an outside director compensation policy providing for certain compensation to our non-employee directors. The outside director compensation policy was subsequently amended and restated in January 2022, January 2023, and September 2024 in consultation with Pearl Meyer & Partners, LLC, a third-party compensation consultant retained by our compensation committee beginning in October 2021 to provide our board of directors and our compensation committee with an analysis of publicly available market data and assistance in determining any proposed changes in non-employee director compensation.

The amended and restated outside director compensation policy provides for the following cash compensation program for our non-employee directors:

Each non-employee director who serves as a committee chairperson receives only the cash retainer fee as the chairperson of the committee but not the cash retainer fee as a member of that committee. These fees to our non-employee directors are paid quarterly in arrears on a prorated basis. Under our amended and restated outside director compensation policy, we also reimburse our non-employee directors for reasonable travel expenses to attend meetings of our board of directors and its committees. The above-listed fees for service as chairperson or members of committees are payable in addition to the non-employee director retainer specified above.

Initial Award. Pursuant to our amended and restated outside director compensation policy, each person who becomes a non-employee director will receive, on the first trading day on or after the date that the person first becomes a non-employee director, an initial award (the “Initial Award”), of stock options to purchase 41,800 shares of our common stock. The Initial Award vests in equal installments as to 1/36^th of the shares of our common stock subject to the Initial Award on a monthly basis following the Initial Award’s grant date, on the same day of the month as the grant date, subject to continued services to us through the applicable vesting dates. If

the person was a member of our board of directors and also an employee, then becoming a non-employee director due to termination of employment will not entitle the person to an Initial Award.

Annual Award. Pursuant to our amended and restated outside director compensation policy, each non-employee director automatically receives, on the first trading day immediately after the date of each annual meeting of our stockholders, an annual award (the “Annual Award”) of stock options to purchase 20,900 shares of our common stock. If, as of the date of the applicable annual meeting, such director has not been in continuous service as a non-employee director since the date of the most recently preceding annual meeting, their first annual award will be prorated and equal to the product of 20,900 multiplied by the quotient of (1) the number of whole months of continuous service as a non-employee director completed as of the date of such annual meeting divided by (2) 12, rounded down to the nearest whole share (up to a maximum of 20,900 shares). Each Annual Award vests on the earlier of the one-year anniversary of the grant date, or the day immediately before the day of the next annual meeting of our stockholders that occurs after the grant date of the Annual Award, subject to continued service to us through the applicable vesting date.

Change in Control. In the event of a “Change in Control” (as defined in our 2020 Equity Incentive Plan), each non-employee director’s then outstanding equity awards covering shares of our common stock will accelerate vesting in full, provided that he or she remains a non-employee director through the date of the Change in Control.

Other Award Terms. Each Initial Award and Annual Award will be granted under our 2020 Equity Incentive Plan (or its successor plan, as applicable) and form of award agreement under such plan. These awards will have a maximum term to expiration of 10 years from their grant and a per share exercise price equal to 100% of the fair market value of a share of our common stock on the award’s grant date.

Director Compensation Limits. Our amended and restated outside director compensation policy provides that in any fiscal year, a non-employee director may be paid cash compensation and other compensation and granted equity awards with an aggregate value of no more than $500,000 (with the value of equity awards based on their grant date fair value determined in accordance with U.S. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles for purposes of this limit), with such limit increased to $750,000 for the fiscal year of his or her initial service as a non-employee director. Equity awards granted or other compensation provided to a non-employee director while he or she was an employee or consultant of the Company (other than a non-employee director), or granted or provided prior to the effective date of the registration statement relating to our initial public offering, do not count toward this annual limit.

Our board of directors currently consists of eight directors and is divided into three classes with staggered three-year terms. At the Annual Meeting, three Class II directors of the Company will be elected for a three-year term to succeed the same class whose term is then expiring, each to continue until his respective successor is elected and qualified, or until his earlier death, resignation or removal.

Our nominating and corporate governance committee has recommended, and our board of directors has approved, Joseph Edelman, John M. Fluke, Jr., and Grant Pickering as nominees for election as Class II directors of the Company at the Annual Meeting. We believe that the nominees bring valuable experience and perspective to our board of directors. For more information concerning the nominees, please see the section titled “Board of Directors and Corporate Governance.”

Mr. Edelman, Mr. Fluke and Mr. Pickering have agreed to serve as directors if elected, and management has no reason to believe that they will be unavailable to serve. In the event that a nominee is unable or declines to serve as a director at the time of the Annual Meeting, proxies will be voted for any nominee designated by the board of directors to fill the vacancy.

Each director is elected by a plurality of the voting power of the shares present or represented by proxy at the Annual Meeting and entitled to vote on the election of directors. A plurality means that the nominees with the largest number of FOR votes are elected as directors. Because the outcome of this proposal will be determined by a plurality vote, any shares not voted FOR a particular nominee, whether as a result of a WITHHOLD vote or a broker non-vote, will have no effect on the outcome of the election.

Our audit committee has appointed Ernst & Young LLP as our independent registered public accounting firm to audit our consolidated financial statements for our fiscal year ending December 31, 2025. Ernst & Young LLP served as our independent registered public accounting firm for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2024.

At the Annual Meeting, we are asking our stockholders to ratify the appointment of Ernst & Young LLP as our independent registered public accounting firm for our fiscal year ending December 31, 2025. Our audit committee is submitting the appointment of Ernst & Young LLP to our stockholders because we value our stockholders’ views on our independent registered public accounting firm and as a matter of good corporate governance. Notwithstanding the appointment of Ernst & Young LLP, and even if our stockholders ratify the appointment, our audit committee, in its discretion, may appoint another independent registered public accounting firm at any time during our fiscal year if our audit committee believes that such a change would be in the best interests of the Company and our stockholders. If our stockholders do not ratify the appointment of Ernst & Young LLP, then our audit committee may reconsider the appointment. One or more representatives of Ernst & Young LLP are expected to be present at the Annual Meeting, and they will have an opportunity to make a statement and are expected to be available to respond to appropriate questions from our stockholders.

The following table presents fees for professional audit services and other services rendered to us by Ernst & Young LLP for our fiscal years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 (in thousands):

In 2024, there were no other professional services provided by Ernst & Young LLP, other than those listed above, that would have required our audit committee to consider their compatibility with maintaining the independence of Ernst & Young LLP.

Our audit committee’s policy is to pre-approve all audit and permissible non-audit services provided by our independent registered public accounting firm, the scope of services provided by our independent registered public accounting firm and the fees for the services to be performed. These services may include audit services, audit-related services, tax services and other services. Pre-approval is detailed as to the particular service or category of services and is generally subject to a specific budget. Our independent registered public accounting firm and management are required to periodically report to the audit committee regarding the extent of services provided by our independent registered public accounting firm in accordance with this pre- approval, and the fees for the services performed to date. The audit committee may delegate to the chairperson of the audit committee authority to approve in advance permitted services to be performed by the independent auditor or other registered public accounting firms along with any associated fees.

All services related to the fees described in the table above were pre-approved by our audit committee.

The ratification of the appointment of Ernst & Young LLP as our independent registered public accounting firm for our fiscal year ending December 31, 2025 requires the affirmative vote of a majority of the voting power of the shares cast, affirmatively or negatively. Broker non-votes and abstentions will be counted for purposes of determining the presence or absence of a quorum. However, neither broker non-votes nor abstentions will be considered votes cast for or against this proposal. Accordingly, broker non-votes and abstentions will have no impact on the outcome of this proposal.

The audit committee is a committee of our board of directors comprised solely of independent directors as required by Nasdaq listing rules and the rules and regulations of the SEC. The audit committee operates under a written charter adopted by the board of directors, which is available on our website at https://investors.athira.com/corporate-governance/governance-overview. This written charter is reviewed annually for changes, as appropriate. With respect to our financial reporting process, our management is responsible for (1) establishing and maintaining internal controls and (2) preparing our consolidated financial statements. Our independent registered public accounting firm, Ernst & Young LLP, is responsible for performing an independent audit of our consolidated financial statements. It is the responsibility of the audit committee to oversee these activities. It is not the responsibility of the audit committee to prepare our financial statements. These are the fundamental responsibilities of management. In the performance of its oversight function, the audit committee has:

Based on the audit committee’s review and discussions with management and Ernst & Young LLP noted above, the audit committee recommended to the board of directors that the audited consolidated financial statements be included in the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2024, filed with the SEC on February 27, 2025.

Respectfully submitted by the members of the audit committee of the board of directors:

JAMES A. JOHNSON (CHAIR), JOHN M. FLUKE, JR., KELLY ROMANO.

This audit committee report shall not be deemed to be “soliciting material” or to be “filed” with the SEC or subject to Regulation 14A promulgated by the SEC or to the liabilities of Section 18 of the Exchange Act (the “Exchange Act”), and shall not be deemed incorporated by reference into any prior or subsequent filing by the Company under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), or the Exchange Act, except to the extent the Company specifically requests that the information be treated as “soliciting material” or specifically incorporates it by reference.

At the Annual Meeting, we are asking our stockholders to approve proposed amendments to our amended and restated certificate of incorporation to effect a reverse stock split and reduce the total number of authorized shares of common stock. The board of directors has unanimously adopted and declared advisable, and resolved to recommend to the Company’s stockholders that they approve and adopt, the Reverse Stock Split Proposal.

On April 2, 2025, our board of directors approved and adopted resolutions (1) approving and finding advisable a series of proposed amendments to our Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation (the “Restated Certificate”), to effect a reverse stock split of our common stock issued and outstanding or held in treasury (the “Reverse Stock Split”), and a corresponding reduction in the total number of authorized shares of our common stock (the “Authorized Share Reduction”), and (2) directing that a proposal (the “Reverse Stock Split Proposal”) to approve the Reverse Stock Split and the Authorized Share Reduction be submitted to our stockholders for their approval.

If approved by our stockholders, the Reverse Stock Split Proposal would permit, but would not require, our board of directors to effect a reverse stock split of our common stock issued and outstanding or held in treasury by a ratio of either 5 for 1, 10 for 1, 15 for 1 or 20 for 1, with the final ratio to be set as determined by the board of directors (or a duly authorized committee thereof) in its sole discretion in the manner described herein. At the same time, the total number of authorized shares of our common stock would be reduced from 900,000,000 to 180,000,000, 90,000,000, 60,000,000, or 45,000,000, and our total number of authorized shares would be reduced from 1,000,000,000 to 280,000,000, 190,000,000, 160,000,000, or 145,000,000, based on the final Reverse Stock Split ratio set by the board of directors in the manner described herein. The par value per share of our common and preferred stock would remain unchanged at $0.0001. The Reverse Stock Split would also affect outstanding options, outstanding restricted stock units (“RSUs”), any share-based award limits, and shares reserved for issuance under our equity compensation plans, as described in “—Effect on Equity Compensation Plans, Outstanding Options and RSUs” below. The Reverse Stock Split would affect all shares of common stock uniformly (subject to the treatment of fractional shares described below). The following description of the proposed amendments is a summary and is subject to the full text of the proposed Certificates of Amendment to our Restated Certificate (the “Certificates of Amendment”), forms of which are attached to this Proxy Statement as Annex A, Annex B, Annex C, and Annex D.

If stockholders approve the Reverse Stock Split Proposal, the board of directors in its discretion could determine to cause one Certificate of Amendment to be filed with the Delaware Secretary of State and effect the Reverse Stock Split and the Authorized Share Reduction. The board of directors also may determine in its discretion not to effect the Reverse Stock Split and the Authorized Share Reduction and not to file any Certificate of Amendment. We could decide not to proceed with the Reverse Stock Split and the Authorized Share Reduction even if the Reverse Stock Split Proposal is approved by stockholders. No further action on the part of stockholders will be required to either implement or abandon the Reverse Stock Split and the Authorized Share Reduction.

To continue our listing on The Nasdaq Global Select Market, we must comply with Nasdaq rules. Nasdaq Listing Rule 5450(a)(1) requires listed securities to maintain a minimum bid price of $1.00 per share (the “Minimum Bid Price Requirement”), and Nasdaq Listing Rule 5810(c)(3)(A) provides that a failure to meet the Minimum Bid Price Requirement exists if the deficiency continues for a period of 30 consecutive business days. On October 16, 2024, we received written notice from the Listing Qualifications Department of Nasdaq notifying us that because the closing bid price for our common stock listed on Nasdaq was below $1.00 per share for 30

consecutive business days, we did not meet the Minimum Bid Price Requirement for continued listing on The Nasdaq Global Select Market. Pursuant to Nasdaq Listing Rule 5810(c)(3)(A), we have been provided an initial compliance period of 180 calendar days to regain compliance with the Minimum Bid Price Requirement. To regain compliance, the closing bid price of the common stock must be at least $1.00 per share for a minimum of 10 consecutive business days by April 14, 2025, and we must otherwise satisfy The Nasdaq Global Select Market’s requirements for listing.

Nasdaq listing rules provide an additional 180 calendar day compliance period for companies that elect (and meet the listing standards) to transfer to The Nasdaq Capital Market, unless it does not appear to Nasdaq that it is possible for the company to cure the deficiency. Accordingly, on April 4, 2025 we submitted an application to Nasdaq to transfer to The Nasdaq Capital Market. If Nasdaq approves our application, we would be eligible for an additional 180 calendar day compliance period to cure the Minimum Bid Price Requirement deficiency.

Our board of directors has considered the potential harm to our Company and our stockholders should Nasdaq delist our common stock. Delisting could adversely affect the liquidity of our common stock since alternatives, such as the OTC Bulletin Board and the pink sheets, are generally considered to be less efficient markets. An investor likely would find it less convenient to sell, or to obtain accurate quotations in seeking to buy, our common stock on an over-the-counter market. Many investors likely would not buy or sell our common stock due to difficulty in accessing over-the-counter markets, policies preventing them from trading in securities not listed on a national exchange or for other reasons. The board of directors believes that the Reverse Stock Split is a potentially effective means for us to increase the per share market price of our common stock and to avoid, or at least mitigate, the likely adverse consequences of our common stock being delisted from Nasdaq by producing the immediate effect of increasing the bid price of our common stock.

Our board of directors believes that the increased market price of our common stock expected as a result of implementing the Reverse Stock Split could improve the marketability of our common stock and encourage interest and trading in our common stock.

We believe that the Reverse Stock Split and an increase in our stock price may make our common stock more attractive to a broader range of institutional and other investors. Many brokerage firms and institutional investors have internal policies and practices that either prohibit them from investing in low-priced stocks or tend to discourage individual brokers from recommending low-priced stocks to their customers, which reduces the number of potential purchasers of our common stock. In addition, some of those policies and practices may function to make the processing of trades in low-priced stocks economically less attractive to brokers. Investors may also be dissuaded from purchasing lower-priced stocks because the brokerage commissions, as a percentage of the total transaction, tend to be higher for such stocks. Moreover, we believe the analysts at many brokerage firms do not monitor the trading activity or otherwise provide coverage of lower-priced stocks. Further, lower-priced stocks have a perception in the investment community as being riskier and more speculative, which may negatively impact not only the price of our common stock, but also our market liquidity.

As a matter of Delaware law, implementation of the Reverse Stock Split does not require a change in the total number of shares of our common stock authorized for issuance under the Restated Certificate. However, the proposed reduction in the total number of authorized shares of our common stock is designed to maintain approximately the same proportion of the total number of authorized shares of common stock that are not issued or outstanding following the Reverse Stock Split. The proposed reduction in the total number of authorized shares of common stock from 900,000,000 to 180,000,000, 90,000,000, 60,000,000, or 45,000,000, and in the total number of authorized shares of all stock from 1,000,000,000 to 280,000,000, 190,000,000, 160,000,000, or 145,000,000, is intended to satisfy the voting policies of certain of our stockholders, conform to the requirements of certain entities that make recommendations to stockholders regarding proposals submitted by us, and ensure that we do not have what some stockholders might view as an unreasonably high number of authorized but unissued shares of common stock. In addition, the reduction in the number of authorized shares of our stock may also reduce certain of our costs.

There are certain risks associated with a reverse stock split, and we cannot accurately predict or assure you that the Reverse Stock Split will produce or maintain the desired results. However, our board of directors believes that the potential benefits to us and our stockholders outweigh the risks and recommends that you vote in favor of the Reverse Stock Split Proposal.

The closing sale price of our common stock on Nasdaq was $0.455 per share on October 16, 2024 and was $0.2393 per share on April 10, 2025. We expect that the Reverse Stock Split, if effected, will increase the per share trading price of our common stock. However, we cannot assure you that the market price per share of our common stock after the Reverse Stock Split will rise or remain constant in proportion to the reduction in the number of shares of common stock outstanding before the Reverse Stock Split. The effect of the Reverse Stock Split on the per share trading price of our common stock cannot be predicted with any certainty, and the history of reverse stock splits for other companies is varied, particularly since some investors may view a reverse stock split negatively. In many cases, the market price of a company’s shares declines after a reverse stock split, or the market price of a company’s shares immediately after a reverse stock split does not reflect a proportionate or mathematical adjustment to the market price based on the ratio of such reverse stock split. Accordingly, the total market capitalization of our common stock after the Reverse Stock Split may be lower than the total market capitalization before the Reverse Stock Split, and it is possible that the Reverse Stock Split may not result in a per share trading price that would attract investors who do not trade in lower-priced stocks.

Reducing the number of outstanding shares of our common stock through the Reverse Stock Split, if we decide to proceed with the Reverse Stock Split, is intended, absent other factors, to increase the per share trading price of our common stock. However, even if we implement the Reverse Stock Split, the per share trading price of our common stock may decrease due to factors unrelated to the Reverse Stock Split. Other factors, such as our clinical trial results, research and development results and plans, financial results, market conditions and the market perception of our business, may adversely affect the per share trading price of our common stock. As a result, there can be no assurance that the Reverse Stock Split, if completed, will result in the benefits that we anticipate, that the per share trading price of our common stock will increase following the Reverse Stock Split, or that the per share trading price of our common stock will not decrease in the future. Although no assurances are possible concerning the trading price of our common stock if the Reverse Stock Split is effected or concerning future fluctuations in the market price of our common stock after the Reverse Stock Split, our intention in determining the reverse stock split ratio to be reflected in the Reverse Stock Split is that such ratio will result in an increase in the per share market price of our common stock immediately after the Reverse Stock Split, although whether the price of our common stock is sufficient or is maintained for a sufficient period of time to satisfy the relevant Nasdaq listing rules depends in part on the ratio of the Reverse Stock Split and future fluctuations in the price of our common stock.

The liquidity of our common stock may be negatively impacted by the Reverse Stock Split, given the reduced number of shares that would be outstanding after the Reverse Stock Split, particularly if the per share trading price does not increase proportionately as a result of the Reverse Stock Split. In addition, if the Reverse Stock Split is implemented, it will likely increase the number of our stockholders who own “odd lots” of fewer than 100 shares of common stock. Brokerage commission and other costs of transactions in odd lots are generally higher than the costs of transactions of more than 100 shares of common stock. In addition, although we believe the Reverse Stock Split may enhance the marketability of our common stock to certain potential investors, we cannot assure you that, if the Reverse Stock Split is implemented, our common stock will be more attractive to investors. While our board of directors believes that a higher stock price may help generate interest of new investors, the Reverse Stock Split may not result in a per share price that will attract certain types of investors, such as institutional investors or investment funds, and such share price may not satisfy the investing guidelines of certain institutional investors or investment funds. As a result, the trading liquidity of our common stock may not

improve as a result of the Reverse Stock Split and could be adversely affected by a higher per share price. Accordingly, the Reverse Stock Split may not achieve the desired results of increasing marketability of our common stock as described above.

If approved and implemented, the Reverse Stock Split will be realized simultaneously and in the same ratio for all of our issued and outstanding shares of common stock. Any fractional shares that would otherwise be issuable as a result of the Reverse Stock Split will be paid out in cash. The Reverse Stock Split will affect all shares of common stock uniformly and will not affect any stockholder’s percentage ownership interest in the Company (subject to the treatment of fractional shares). In addition, the Reverse Stock Split will not affect any stockholder’s proportionate voting power (subject to the treatment of fractional shares).

Our authorized capital stock currently consists of 900,000,000 shares of common stock, par value $0.0001 per share, and 100,000,000 shares of preferred stock, par value $0.0001 per share. At the effective time of the Reverse Stock Split (the “Effective Time”), the total number of authorized shares of our common stock will be reduced from 900,000,000 to 180,000,000, 90,000,000, 60,000,000, or 45,000,000, and the total number of authorized shares will be reduced from 1,000,000,000 to 280,000,000, 190,000,000, 160,000,000, or 145,000,000, based on which, if any, of the approved reverse stock split ratios is ultimately selected by the board of directors. The par value per share of our common and preferred stock would remain unchanged at $0.0001 after the Reverse Stock Split and the Authorized Share Reduction. The total number of authorized shares of preferred stock will not be reduced and would remain at 100,000,000 shares.

The table below sets forth, as of April 4, 2025 and for illustrative purposes only, certain effects of potential Reverse Stock Split ratios of 5 for 1, 10 for 1, 15 for 1 and 20 for 1, including on our total outstanding common stock equivalents (without giving effect to the treatment of fractional shares).

As shown in the table above, if the Reverse Stock Split is approved and effected, the total number of shares of common stock reserved for issuance under our equity incentive plans would be reduced in proportion to the ratio selected by our board of directors. As of April 4, 2025, there were a total of (1) 146,591 shares of common stock reserved for issuance upon the exercise of stock options outstanding under the 2014 Equity Incentive Plan, (2) 8,489,199 shares of common stock reserved for issuance upon the exercise of applicable stock options and 1,201,480 shares reserved for restricted stock units outstanding under the 2020 Equity Incentive Plan (3) 400,000 shares of common stock reserved for issuance upon the exercise of stock options outstanding under the 2024 Inducement Equity Incentive Plan, (4) 3,614,629 shares of common stock reserved for issuance under future equity awards granted under the 2020 Equity Incentive Plan, plus our 2020 Equity Incentive Plan includes provisions providing for an annual increase in the number of shares of common stock available for future issuance on the first day of each fiscal year, equal to the least of: (A) 3,230,000 shares of common stock; (B) 5% of the outstanding shares of common stock as of the last day of the immediately preceding fiscal year; and (C) such lesser number of shares determined by the board of directors, (5) 1,728,853 shares reserved for future issuance under the 2020 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (including shares that may be purchased pursuant to options outstanding in the current offering period), plus our 2020 Employee Stock Purchase Plan includes provisions providing for an annual increase in the number of shares of common stock available for future issuance on the first day of each fiscal year, equal to the least of: (A) 1% of the outstanding shares of common stock as of the last day of the immediately preceding fiscal year; (B) 646,000 shares; and (C) such lesser number of shares determined by the board of directors and (6) 350,000 shares reserved for issuance under future equity awards granted under the 2024 Inducement Equity Incentive Plan. Following the Reverse Stock Split, if any, all shares of common stock available for issuance upon the exercise of outstanding equity awards under each Plan and shares remaining available for future awards under each Plan (other than our 2014 Equity Incentive Plan, which is no longer in use) would be converted at the Effective Time into one-fifth, one-tenth, one-fifteenth or one-twentieth of the number of such shares immediately preceding the Reverse Stock Split (with the result, if not a whole share, rounded down to the nearest whole share).

Under the terms of our outstanding options and RSUs, the Reverse Stock Split would adjust and proportionately reduce the number of shares of common stock issuable upon exercise or settlement, as applicable, of such options and RSUs in the same ratio of the Reverse Stock Split (with the result, if not a whole share, rounded down to the nearest whole share) and, correspondingly, would proportionately increase the exercise price of such options (with the result, if not a whole cent, rounded up to the nearest whole cent). This will result in approximately the same aggregate price being required to be paid upon exercise as immediately preceding the Reverse Stock Split. The number of shares of common stock issuable upon exercise or settlement of outstanding options and RSUs and the exercise price related thereto, as applicable, would be equitably adjusted in accordance with the terms of the Plans, which may include rounding down the number of shares of common stock issuable to the nearest whole share.

The Reverse Stock Split will not affect the par value of a share of our common stock. As a result, as of the Effective Time, the stated capital attributable to common stock on our balance sheet will be reduced proportionately based on the Reverse Stock Split ratio (including a retroactive adjustment of prior periods), and the additional paid-in capital account will be credited with the amount by which the stated capital is reduced. Reported per share net income or loss will be higher because there will be fewer shares of common stock outstanding.

Upon the Reverse Stock Split, we intend to treat common stock held by stockholders in “street name,” through a bank, broker or other nominee, in the same manner as stockholders whose shares are registered in their own names. Banks, brokers or other nominees will be instructed to effect the Reverse Stock Split for their customers holding common stock in “street name.” However, these banks, brokers or other nominees may have different procedures than registered stockholders for processing the Reverse Stock Split. If you hold shares of common stock with a bank, broker or other nominee and have any questions in this regard, you are encouraged to contact your bank, broker or other nominee.

Stockholders may hold some or all of their common stock electronically in book-entry form with our transfer agent, Computershare Trust Company, N.A. These stockholders will not have stock certificates evidencing their ownership of common stock. They are, however, provided with a statement reflecting the number of shares of common stock registered in their accounts. If you hold registered common stock in book-entry form, you do not need to take any action to receive your post-split shares, if applicable. If a stockholder is entitled to post-Reverse Stock Split shares, a transaction statement will automatically be sent to the stockholder’s address of record indicating the number of shares of common stock held following the Reverse Stock Split.

Stockholders may hold stock certificates representing some or all of their common stock. As of the Effective Time, each certificate representing pre-split shares of common stock will, until surrendered and exchanged, be deemed to represent only the relevant number of post-split shares of common stock as a result and at the time of the Reverse Stock Split. If applicable to you, as soon as practicable after the Effective Time, our transfer agent, Computershare Trust Company, N.A., will mail you a letter of transmittal. Upon receipt of your properly completed and executed letter of transmittal and your stock certificate(s), you will be issued the appropriate number of shares of the Company’s common stock either as stock certificates (including legends, if appropriate) or electronically in book-entry form, as determined by the Company.

We will not issue fractional shares in connection with the Reverse Stock Split. Instead, any fractional share that would otherwise result from the Reverse Stock Split because the stockholder owns a number of shares not evenly divisible by the ratio would instead settle in cash. The cash amount to be paid to each stockholder would be equal to the resulting fractional interest in one share of our common stock to which the stockholder would otherwise be entitled, multiplied by the closing trading price of our common stock on the trading day immediately preceding the Effective Time (as adjusted to give effect to the Reverse Stock Split), without interest. We do not anticipate that the aggregate cash amount paid by the Company for fractional interests will be material to the Company.

The Effective Time, if the Reverse Stock Split is approved by stockholders and implemented by us, will be the date and time set forth in the applicable Certificate of Amendment that is filed with the Delaware Secretary of State. If the Reverse Stock Split Proposal is approved and the board of directors determines to proceed with the Reverse Stock Split, the exact timing of the filing of the applicable Certificate of Amendment will be determined by our board of directors. By approving the Reverse Stock Split Proposal, the stockholders will approve each of the four (4) amendments proposed by the board of directors. The Certificate of Amendment filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware will include only that amendment determined by the board of directors to be in the best interests of the Company and its stockholders. The other three (3) proposed amendments will be abandoned pursuant to Section 242(c) of the Delaware General Corporation Law.

If, at any time prior to the filing of any Certificate of Amendment with the Delaware Secretary of State, notwithstanding stockholder approval, and without further action by the stockholders, the board of directors, in its sole discretion, determines that it is in our best interests and the best interests of our stockholders to delay the filing of the Certificate of Amendment or abandon the Reverse Stock Split Proposal, the Reverse Stock Split Proposal may be delayed or abandoned. We reserve the right to abandon any three (3) proposed amendments or the Reverse Stock Split Proposal in its entirety without further action by our stockholders at any time before the effectiveness of the filing with the Secretary of the State of Delaware of the Certificate of Amendment, even if the authority to effect the Reverse Stock Split Proposal has been approved by our stockholders at the Annual Meeting. By voting in favor of the Reverse Stock Split Proposal, you are expressly also authorizing the board of directors to delay, not to proceed with, and abandon, any three (3) proposed amendments or the Reverse Stock Split Proposal in its entirety if it should so decide, in its sole discretion.

If a Reverse Stock Split is effected, then after the Effective Time, our common stock will have a new Committee on Uniform Securities Identification Procedures (“CUSIP”) number, which is a number used to identify our equity securities, and stock certificates with the older CUSIP number will need to be exchanged for stock certificates with the new CUSIP number by following the procedures described below. After the Reverse Stock Split, we will continue to be subject to the periodic reporting and other requirements of the

Exchange Act. We currently expect that our common stock will continue to be listed on Nasdaq under the symbol “ATHA” subject to any future change of listing of our securities, although it will be considered a new listing with a new CUSIP number. The Reverse Stock Split is not intended to be, and we do not believe that it will have the effect of, a “going private transaction” covered by Rule 13e-3 under the Exchange Act.

Under the Delaware General Corporation Law, stockholders are not entitled to dissenter’s or appraisal rights with respect to the Reverse Stock Split, and we will not independently provide stockholders with any such rights.

The following discussion is a summary of material U.S. federal income tax consequences of the Reverse Stock Split to stockholders but does not purport to be a complete analysis of all potential tax effects that may be relevant to stockholders. The effects of other U.S. federal tax laws, such as estate and gift tax laws, and any applicable state, local, or foreign tax laws are not discussed. This discussion is based on the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 (the “Code”), U.S. Treasury Regulations promulgated thereunder, judicial decisions, and published rulings and administrative pronouncements of the Internal Revenue Service (the “IRS”), in effect as of the date of this proxy statement. These authorities may change or be subject to differing interpretations. Any such change may be applied retroactively in a manner that could adversely affect a holder of our common stock. We have not sought, and will not seek, any ruling from the IRS or an opinion of tax counsel with respect to the matters discussed herein. The discussion below regarding the U.S. federal income tax consequences of the Reverse Stock Split is not binding on the IRS or the courts. Accordingly, each stockholder is urged to consult with his, her or its own tax advisor with respect to the tax consequences of the Reverse Stock Split.

This summary is limited to U.S. stockholders who hold shares of our common stock prior to the Reverse Stock Split (the “Old Shares”), and the shares of our common stock immediately after the Reverse Stock Split (the “New Shares”), as a “capital asset” within the meaning of Section 1221 of the Code (generally, property held for investment). This discussion does not address all U.S. federal income tax consequences relevant to the particular circumstances of a stockholder. In addition, it does not address consequences relevant to stockholders that are subject to particular rules, including:

This discussion is limited to stockholders that are U.S. Holders. For purposes of this discussion, a “U.S. Holder” is a beneficial owner of our common stock that, for U.S. federal income tax purposes, is or is treated as:

If an entity treated as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes holds our common stock, the tax treatment of a partner in the partnership will depend on the status of the partner, the activities of the partnership and certain determinations made at the partner level. Accordingly, partnerships holding our common stock and the partners in such partnerships should consult their tax advisors regarding the U.S. federal income tax consequences to them.

In addition, the following discussion does not address the tax consequences of the Reverse Stock Split under state, local and foreign tax laws. Furthermore, the following discussion does not address any tax consequences of transactions effectuated before, after or at the same time as the Reverse Stock Split, whether or not they are in connection with the Reverse Stock Split.

STOCKHOLDERS SHOULD CONSULT THEIR TAX ADVISORS WITH RESPECT TO THE APPLICATION OF THE U.S. FEDERAL INCOME TAX LAWS TO THEIR PARTICULAR SITUATIONS AS WELL AS ANY TAX CONSEQUENCES OF THE REVERSE STOCK SPLIT ARISING UNDER THE U.S. FEDERAL ESTATE OR GIFT TAX LAWS OR UNDER THE LAWS OF ANY STATE, LOCAL OR NON-U.S. TAX JURISDICTION OR UNDER ANY APPLICABLE INCOME TAX TREATY.

The Reverse Stock Split is intended to constitute a “recapitalization” within the meaning of Section 368(a)(1)(E) of the Code for U.S. federal income tax purposes. If so treated, in general, and except as described below with respect to cash in lieu of fractional shares, no gain or loss should be recognized by a U.S. stockholder upon such stockholder’s exchange, or deemed exchange, of Old Shares for New Shares pursuant to the Reverse Stock Split. Accordingly, the aggregate tax basis of the New Shares received in the Reverse Stock Split should be the same as such stockholder's aggregate tax basis in the Old Shares being exchanged (excluding the portion of the tax basis allocable to any fractional share), and the holding period for the New Shares received should include the holding period for the Old Shares being exchanged. Special tax basis and holding period rules may apply to holders that acquired different blocks of stock at different prices or at different times. Stockholders should consult their own tax advisors as to the applicability of these special rules to their particular circumstances.

A U.S. stockholder who receives cash in lieu of a fractional share of New Shares pursuant to the Reverse Stock Split will be treated as having received the fractional share pursuant to the Reverse Stock Split and then as having sold such fractional share for cash. Such a U.S. stockholder should generally recognize capital gain or loss in an amount equal to the difference between the amount of cash received and the U.S. stockholder’s tax basis in the Old Shares being exchanged that is allocated to the fractional share of New Shares. The capital gain or loss should be long-term capital gain or loss if the U.S. stockholder’s holding period for such Old Shares being exchanged that is allocated to the fractional share of New Shares exceeded one year at the Effective Time. The deductibility of net capital losses by individuals and corporations is subject to limitations. U.S. stockholders are advised to consult their tax advisors regarding the tax treatment of their receipt of cash in lieu of a fractional share of common stock pursuant to the Reverse Stock Split.

Information returns generally will be required to be filed with the IRS with respect to the payment of cash in lieu of a fractional share of New Shares pursuant to the Reverse Stock Split, unless a U.S. stockholder is an exempt recipient. In addition, U.S. stockholders may be subject to a backup withholding tax (at the current applicable rate of 24%) on the payment of such cash if they do not provide their taxpayer identification numbers and complete an IRS Form W-9 in the manner required or otherwise fail to comply with applicable backup withholding tax rules. Backup withholding is not an additional tax. Any amounts withheld under the backup withholding rules may be refunded or allowed as a credit against the U.S. stockholder’s federal income tax liability, if any, provided the required information is timely furnished to the IRS. U.S. stockholders should consult their own tax advisors regarding their qualification for an exemption from backup withholding and the procedures for obtaining such an exemption.

The affirmative vote of a majority of the voting power of the shares cast, affirmatively or negatively, is required for approval of the Reverse Stock Split Proposal, in accordance with Section 242(d)(2) of the DGCL. You may vote “FOR,” “AGAINST,” or “ABSTAIN” on this proposal. Broker non-votes and abstentions will be counted for purposes of determining the presence or absence of a quorum. However, neither broker non-votes nor abstentions will be considered votes cast for or against this proposal. Accordingly, broker non-votes and abstentions will have no impact on the outcome of this proposal.

The following table sets forth certain information about our executive officers as of April 4, 2025. There are no family relationships among any of our directors or executive officers.

Dr. Litton’s biography is listed in the section titled “Board of Directors and Corporate Governance – Nominees for Director.”

Our executive compensation programs are designed to:

Our compensation committee is responsible for making compensation decisions for executive officers other than our chief executive officer, but may, in its discretion, choose to make compensation recommendations to the full board of directors.

Our board of directors has retained Pearl Meyer & Partners, LLC, a compensation consulting firm, to provide recommendations based on research and analysis of executive compensation in companies in similar industries at a similar size and stage of corporate development, with the goal of ensuring that the compensation we offer to our executives is competitive and fair. Typically, our chief executive officer and principal financial and accounting officer will prepare and present recommendations at compensation committee meetings based on the compensation consultant recommendations, our chief executive officer’s own assessment of Company and individual performance and incentive and retention needs, and a representative from the compensation consultant will usually be present in the meetings to respond to committee questions. Our compensation committee considers the recommendations for cash and stock-based compensation and approves such compensation for the executive team, excluding the chief executive officer, and recommends such compensation to the board of directors for the chief executive officer. With regard to incentive compensation, our compensation committee evaluates the achievement of defined goals by the executive team, excluding the chief executive officer, and recommends to the board of directors with respect to the achievement of defined goals for the chief executive officer.

This section discusses the material components of the executive compensation program for our named executive officers who are named in the subsection titled “—2023 – 2024 Summary Compensation Table” below. For 2024, our “named executive officers” and their positions were as follows:

The following table represents information regarding the total compensation awarded to, earned by or paid to our named executive officers for the years ended December 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023.